In the present study, the chemical composition of the essential oils from the aerial parts of Teucrium fruticans L. collected in Sicily and Malta, Teucrium scordium subsp. scordioides (Schreb.) Arcang. and Teucrium siculum (Raf.) Guss., collected in Sicily, were evaluated by GC-MS. The main volatile components of both T. fruticans collections were germacrene D (29.4% and 50.0%), ( E )- β -caryophyllene (19.6% and 21.9%), and 1-octen-3-ol (19.7% and 7.4%); T. scordium subsp. scordioides essential oil was rich in caryophyllene oxide (25.8%), α -pinene (19.4%) and β -pinene (8.5%); T. siculum essential oil was rich in ( E )- β -caryophyllene (30.9%), 1-octen-3-ol (9.0%), α -humulene (8.6%) and germacrene D (8.0%). The chemotaxonomic relationship with other members of the respective botanical sections was discussed.