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A new species of the Madagascan endemic genus Physodeutera Lacordaire, 1842 is described from northern Madagascar as Physodeutera (Microlepidia) propripenis sp. nov. The new species is compared to similar Physodeutera (Microlepidia) marginemaculata (W. Horn, 1934) and Physodeutera (Microlepidia) peyrierasi Rivalier, 1967. Apart from a detailed description of the new species, illustrations in colour photographs of its habitus, diagnostic characters and habitat are introduced. Differential diagnoses of the two similar species, as well as illustrations of their habitus and distinguishing characters in colour photographs are presented with references to their redescriptions and illustrations based on type and other relevant specimens in the monograph of the genus (Moravec 2002a). A revised key to the subgenus Microlepidia Rivalier, 1967 is presented in order to supplement the key previously published in the monograph. Essential maps of the distribution of the three species are also given.

Pogonostoma (Bathypogonum) horimichioi sp. nov. is described as new to science from western Madagascar. Apart from a detailed description, illustrations in colour photographs of the habitus, diagnostic characters and habitat of the new species are introduced. A rectified differential diagnosis of the subgenus Bathypogonum Jeannel, 1946 is performed. The new species is compared to other two hitherto known taxa of the subgenus Bathypogonum (in its narrow original concept and sensu Moravec 2007), which are P. (B.) levigatum levigatum W. Horn, 1908 and P. (B.) levigatum lucens Rivalier, 1970. Differential diagnoses of the two taxa with illustrations of their habitus and important distinguishing characters in colour photographs are presented. References to their detailed redescriptions and illustrations, as well as to those of the subgenera Neopogonum Moravec, 2007 and Parapogonum Moravec, 2007 in the monograph of the genus Pogonostoma by Moravec (2007) are given. Essential maps of distribution are also presented.

Pogonostoma (Pogonostoma) ondravybirali sp. nov. from southwestern Madagascar is described as new to science. The new species is placed to a large P. (Pogonostoma) elegans species-group (sensu Moravec 2007) along with seven other mutually similar species which are recognized within this species-group as a species-complex of P. (P.) alluaudi W. Horn, 1898. An elaborated redescription of the most similar P. (P.) atrorotundatum W. Horn, 1934 is given. A revised key to the P. (P.) elegans species-group is presented in order to supplement the key in the monograph of the genus Pogonostoma Klug, 1835 by Moravec (2007). First description of male characters of P. (Pogonostoma) densisculptum Moravec, 2003 (belonging to P. (P.) gibbosum species-group sensu Moravec 2007) and first description of female characters of P. (Microstenocera) fabiocassolai Moravec, 2003 (of the P. (M.) minimum species-group sensu Moravec 2007) are introduced. Type and other specimens of the presented species are illustrated in colour photographs of their habitus, diagnostic characters and variability (including two diagnostic characters of P. (P.) gibbosum Rivalier, 1970). Essential maps of the distribution of the treated species in Madagascar are given.

Pogonostoma (Pogonostoma) natsuae sp. nov. from southwestern Madagascar is described as new to science. The new species is compared to similar Pogonostoma (Pogonostoma) meridionale Fleutiaux, 1899, which occurs in the southernmost areas of Madagascar and whose elaborated redescription is presented. Both species are illustrated in colour photographs of their habitus and diagnostic characters of the type and other specimens.