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In Lithuania it is not rare to observe uncommon severe or catastrophic natural phenomena. Due to the changing of climate it's important to evaluate the frequency and intensity of such events. The goal of this research was to determine the probability of severe and catastrophic events and formation conditions from 1971 to 2010. During the cold period the most common severe and catastrophic events are very dense fog (probability of 78 occurrences per 100 years), frost (63), very heavy storm (38) and very heavy snowfall (33). Other events are less common. It has been found that the best conditions for forming very dense fog is when Lithuania is in the altitudinal depression above the Scandinavian Peninsula in the south-eastern periphery. Frost in Lithuania is recorded because of the impact of the altitudinal depression above south-western Russia. When Lithuania is in the altitudinal depression above the Baltic Sea strong wind zone, there are very heavy storms and hurricanes to be expected. Whereas when Lithuania gets into the high altitude cyclone above the south-western part of the Baltic states, probability of very heavy snowfall increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]