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In this article we examine the concept of power to decolonize it and learn from other experiences whose content is distinct from that of domination. In that sense, we are oriented by Zapatista and Latin American progressivism. These experiences are a crack in the wall of capitalist modernity. Both the Zapatista anti-systemic movement and political progressivism take advantage of this rift to open new horizons where power is exercised in a distinct way, for liberation from the bonds of capitalist modernity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En América Latina existen "islas de modernidad" asociadas a un nuevo paradigma biológico y digital en la explotación de recursos naturales, la producción de servicios y la industria manufacturera, que coexisten con vastos segmentos de la población sumidos en la precariedad, la pobreza, el estancamiento y la exclusión social. Esta dualidad estructural refleja una creciente brecha entre un segmento moderno de la sociedad que imita patrones de comportamiento de los países desarrollados, y otro que ha quedado atrás y en el que predominan la informalidad laboral, las carencias materiales básicas y una creciente inseguridad ciudadana. La falta de una teoría del desarrollo adecuada, que examine la fragilidad institucional y regulatoria, la captura de los recursos del Estado por grandes grupos corporativos y la falta de políticas a largo plazo reflejan esta brecha interna. A su vez, se profundiza la brecha externa con los países del sudeste asiático. En este artículo se plantea la necesidad de un nuevo pacto social para lograr el crecimiento y mejorar la distribución de los ingresos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective/Context: The purpose of this article is first to contextualize the concept of the “Global South.” Then, we offer an overview of classical and new historiographies of capitalism(s) of the “Global South.” We focus on works that examine the period between roughly the 10th and 19th centuries, and further explain how we understand and periodize capitalism. Lastly, we introduce the contributions to this special issue. Methodology: This review is based on a holistic and non-Eurocentric Marxian approach, emphasizing the importance of both internal and external factors, global entanglements and uneven development when studying regional dynamics. We also underline the relevance of both connections and comparisons in understanding and analyzing the genesis and rise of global capitalism(s). In other words, we highlight multifaceted forces at work that may be conceived of in terms of a global dialectical conjuncture. Originality: This is one of the few existing articles that pulls together and briefly outlines the different existing trends in writing the histories of capitalism(s) in the “Global South” before the advent of the 20th century. We discuss developments in China, India, the “Islamicate” world, Latin America, the relationship between modern plantation slavery and capitalism as well the “Great Divergence” debate. In doing so, we identify a “global turn” in recent historiographies of capitalism(s). Conclusions: We suggest that the prevalent binary narratives —either embracing or rejecting the (pre-)capitalist nature of societies, commercial practices and production sites in the “Global South”—do not do justice to the complexity of historical dynamics. Furthermore, many studies lack nuances and do not adequately consider multilinear processes, entanglements between the local and global and shifting multipolar centers of development. More often than not, academics also neglect spatio-temporal specificities, transitional periods between —or the hybrid coexistence of— different modes of production, that is, developments which should neither be reduced to predominantly capitalist nor pre-capitalist relations, processes and structures. We also argue that a return to the concept of totality helps to transcend the oversimplified assumptions and analyses of dominant historical accounts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective/Context: The paper provides a comprehensive overview of Latin American mining history, exploring cross-pollination opportunities between mining historians and scholars of the emerging field of the new history of capitalism. The analysis spans from the region’s integration into global markets during the 1500s to the twilight of export-led growth in the early twentieth century. Methodology: The study builds on an overview of both classic and contemporary literature, offering new insights into understanding existing data on mining history within a global context. By incorporating perspectives from geology, ecology, and economics, the article investigates the connections between specific mineral deposits and different paths of capitalistic development across Latin America. Originality: The paper sketches some of the gaps in the analysis of global and local flows of minerals and comments on notable contributions to the broader field of Latin American history. It introduces innovative approaches for the study of output cycles, geological and ecological endowments, technological spillovers, and mining economics. Conclusions: First, the existing literature has predominantly focused on precious metals, with few scholars studying non-precious metals and non-metallic minerals. Second, the narratives surrounding mining history have been primarily centered on silver, overshadowing the significance of bimetallism in understanding the emergence of global capitalism. Thirdly, examining the microeconomic dynamics of mining in the region may present fresh opportunities to explore the impact of mining on sectoral and managerial transformations. Finally, studies of the two-way interaction of capitalism and mining need to include research on the energy and environmental systems that underpinned mineral extraction and production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article intends to discuss the idea of a world society, fundamental idea in the world paradigm proposed by Esteban Torres in his book La gran transformación de la sociología, with the Marxian concept of world capitalism. Although both concepts are mutually exclusive according to the author (which also implies, from the perspective held here, the exclusion of Marx's theory about the globalist paradigm), what we will try to prove here is that the fundamental substratum of world society is, in fact, the world capitalist form. Contrasting this two concepts, as well as identifying the limitations in Marx's theory regarding the singularities in Latin America - limitations that do not refer to a supposed Eurocentrism inscribed in the core of his thought-could contribute to building a Marxist Theory of Social Change that is from and for Latin America; and that is up to the task of the present times challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to investigate the scientific production of Oliva López-Arellano's thinking, in order to verify her contribution to the approach of the social determination of the health-disease process in the capitalist mode of production. For this purpose, a critical review of her production was carried out through three repositories of scientific studies, two in the portals of the Virtual Health Library (BVS) and PubMed, and one in a direct database: the Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo). After the selection process, 14 articles were chosen and discussed based on two dimensions that facilitate the construction of the author's thinking: i) the focus on the social determination of the health-disease process, and ii) the focus on the relationship with the capitalist mode of production. Specifically, in López-Arellano's scientific production, some discussions were identified and synthesized into four categories of analysis: 'work', 'Latin American health thinking', 'State and political economy', and 'health needs'. Based on the evidence found, it was concluded that López Arellano's production contributes to a critical approach to the healthcare context and its relationship with the capitalist mode of production. This is a fundamental contribution that points out the challenges for the field of collective health/social medicine in Latin America, allowing for a reflection on health in the context of contemporary capitalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ayer: Revista de Historia Contemporánea is the property of Asociacion de Historia Contemporanea and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This papper aims to analyze the phenomenon of corruption from a philosophical perspective, distancing itself from the traditional approaches of contemporary political theory. To achieve this end, the article focuses on the following aspects: 1. It presents a conceptualization of corruption, taking as a reference the categorization of the private and the public offered by politics, indicating that it is from the misrepresentation of these concepts when corruption takes on more complex dimensions. This reality is accentuated by the kidnapping of the State, the rise of the bourgeoisie and the appearance of capitalism as a hegemonic economic system, imposed by globalization. 2. Points out the structural, institutional and cultural factors that shape corruption in Latin America, which has a negative impact on the consolidation of regional Democrats. 3. It shows how the distortion of the public and private sphere widens the problem of corruption, promoting marginalization, exclusion and other series of social pathologies that conflict with universal human rights. The work does not pretend to establish a definitive position on the subject, but rather to offer theoretical inputs to encourage debate and serve as a reference in this broad discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rivista Italiana di Conflittolgia is the property of Edizioni Labrys and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Stagnation in the study of any discipline is a subject of importance, this article reflects on it from a Marxist approach to historiography and political economy. It argues that following conventional historical models to analyze specific regions such as Latin America may constitute a bias in such studies. The author questions what is the historian's role in understanding a given social, political, and economic context. He explains why the pathways to knowledge are obstructed if one starts from the classics and how is it that research seems immobilized if there are now more tools for intellectual progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the Cuban Revolution and the 55 years of the Theory of the Unit in 2019, this essay aims to show the impact that this revolution had on the emergence of Latin American social sciences based on a critical thinking that questions the hegemonic paradigms characteristic of scientific positivism with Eurocentric and colonial inspiration. Although the essay considers some other elements of explanatory context of the emergence of critical social sciences, it highlights and focuses on the impact that this continental historical event had, not only on Latin American revolutionary movements, but also on intellectuality and academia, especially in the sixties of the last century. To do this, it briefly presents the political and ideological scope of the revolution and the "spirit of the age" that it generates, with the intention of showing the way in which some of its postulates were received, enriched and developed by the social sciences of the region in the early sixties of the twentieth century, all of which goes through a brief review of the hegemonic theories up to that point in the social sciences of Latin America. The essay is not historical, which is why it does not stop at the construction of a story of events and actors; but rather of a theoretical nature, insofar as it tries to move in the plane of categories and concepts typical of the acquis of these disciplines and ways of thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay deals with the challenges presented to the left -especially the Latin American left- at the beginning of the 21st century in their struggle against domination. According to the author, If there is one thing that can be said with a degree of certainty about the difficulties currently experienced by the progressive forces in Latin America, it is that those difficulties stem from the fact that their governments have tackled neither the Constitution issue nor the hegemony issue. The idea of domination, the forms of struggle and the status of globalization are discussed in the first place, to finally analyze the situation of the left governments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last years, a number of famous names of contemporary philosophy have reported in our Latin American scene, getting involved with urgencies of interpreting the critical juncture. These attempts reading the actuality involve no just theoretical interests of philosophy, but practical problems of emancipatory politics and ideological confrontations in contexts of high polarization. In this article, we analyze such crossovers, focusing on certain perspectives, such as García Linera or Balibar, that insist on not abandon the conceptual work, while they commit to specific political and ideological struggles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the so-called return of the state in the three Bolivarian Revolutions (Venezuela, Bolivia and Ecuador) analyzing the discourses of Hugo Chavez, Evo Morales and Rafael Correa. The idea of a return of the state suggests clearly that if the state was seen as the problem in the 1980s and 1990s, in the processes of the new left in Latin America it has been presented as the solution. However, beyond certain general issues, there have been few analyses that explain how the state has returned in the Bolivarian Revolutions y how this return has redefined the political context and analyze the implications of this return. This article demonstrates how the state has returned in the three cases in relation to two other powerful phenomena: the promise of re-founding the nation and patriotism. It is concluded that the convergence of these three elements --re-foundationalism, the nation and the state-- configured a powerful collective identity containing moral and emotional elements which link the leaderships of the three with a reconstituted political community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Kavilando is the property of Kavilando and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper shows the importance of technologies of scientific origin in the evolution of Latin American agrarian capitalism during the past three decades. From the perspective of dialectic materialism as a method and epistemological positioning the following is concluded: the package of the green revolution left the process of agrarian salary distribution unresolved. On the contrary, new technologies aiming at productivity in the global market do allow a) to partially detach agriculture from the constraint of its natural rhythms, b) to substantially increase production capability in work and in the soil, c) to invigorate surpluses under the structure of agribusinesses, d) to free workers from rural economy and the food industry itself, and e) to guarantee salary relations as the predominant way of generating value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas is the property of Revista Faculdad de Derecho y Ciencias Politicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ensayos de Política Económica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A state of the question will be presented for diverse theoretical frameworks through which the social sciences approach social mobilization problems in general and their application to social mobilization processes in the peasant farmer base in particular. This work is part of a research project whose objective is to analyze the presence and role of peasant farmer organizations in the agricultural conflict that occurred in 2008 in Argentina, considering that, as a reaction to the application of neoliberal agrarian policies on both the state as well as the regional level, social movements with a peasant base arose that were, in turn, part of a greater framework that includes processes with similar characteristics in Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores a three plateaus interpretation of Girard's thesis that sacrifice is at the root of all societies, expressed in his Violence and the Sacred. The first one highlights the contradiction inherent in the social nature of mankind, because it has to build a civilization and a ritual to give effect to such violence in a socially accepted way and keeping it in some way hidden in its crudest form. The second emphasizes the ritual instance as a violent competition mechanism that silences original violence throughout the ritual inherent to economic and political institutions such as the current capitalism. The third, examines how, as capitalism established its ritual sacrifice in the economic struggle for job success, communism sought an external enemy -another scapegoat- which would unify socialist republics against it. In both, as in every society, the exercise of sacred violence is performed by an authorized representative with a preventive and punitive intention. The problem appears when sacred violence does not break the cycle of violence but restarts it, thus giving rise to a recurrent sacrificial crisis leading society to its self-destruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents some reflections about the possibilities which the development offers as a theoritical-pratical concept, capable of allowing the Latin American people to think of themselves, in an environment- of neoliberal globalization- hostile to their interests and finding out the ways that could take them to overcome the actual facet of transition characterised by the tough questionings to the postures of "consensus of Washington" and forges others of different content. The hypothesis which guided the elaboration of the work was that the theorisations of the Latin American thinkers that always have responded to the necessity of finding out the ways of social transformation. Since then, the development- understood sometimes as progress, sometimes like modernisation, some other times like social change and lastly, like merely economic growth-, can be considered one of the articulating concepts of Latin American thought. Consequently, there are some other reflections about the way that the Latin Americans have tried to understand their reality and up to which extent they have brought up their transformation. Above all, the reconceptualisation of development must be done considering the actual facet of capitalism; it is to say, under the conditions of neoliberal globalization and overcoming the slanted visions which consider its economic front only, putting sideways the social dimensions implied in the development. It is, thus, about rethinking and conceptualising the development submitting economic reason to the social reason. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Con este artículo el autor pone fin a la serie que iniciara con "Crítica al capitalismo periférico" (publicado en el N° 1), y continuara con "Estructura socioeconómica y crisis del sistema" (N° 6) y "Las teorías neoclásicas del liberalismo económico" (N° 7). Si en todos los anteriores su preocupación principal consistió en interpretar críticamente el funcionamiento del capitalismo periférico y demostrar la incapacidad de la teoría neoclásica para comprenderlo en profundidad, en este procura brindar los lineamientos que debería seguir la transformación de ese sistema. Después de recordar los rasgos básicos de su crítica al funcionamiento del capitalismo en la periferia (Cap. I), esboza los criterios que deben orientar la transformación, los que, en suma, constituyen una síntesis de valores centrales del socialismo y del liberalismo (Cap. II). A continuación, plantea algunas cuestiones inevitables sobre las condiciones políticas de la transformación, por medio de las cuales reafirma el valor de la democracia como ideal de convivencia (Cap. III). Los capítulos inmediatamente siguientes (IV y V) están dedicados a completar sus planteamientos a través del análisis de problemas de la transformación vinculados a la técnica, la demanda, la estructura productiva, los rasgos específicos del capitalismo periférico, y otros. En los capítulos finales cambia un tanto su foco de análisis para tratar, por una parte, el papel de las relaciones centro-periferia en la transformación (Cap. VI); y, por otra, la crisis actual de los centros y sus repercusiones sobre la periferia (Cap. VII); para finalizar con unas reflexiones sobre ética, racionalidad y previsión (Cap. VIII). Sus ideas centrales provocarán polémicas, no solo por quien las escribe, sino también porque giran alrededor de las controvertidas nociones de apropiación y uso social del excedente. Pero el autor está convencido de que la crisis actual no será superada con medidas superficiales; si se quiere salir de ella y construir una sociedad desarrollada, democrática y equitativa, será necesario que la transformación llegue hasta las raíces del sistema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Relaciones Internacionales is the property of Facultad de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Esta conferencia destaca rasgos de la situación colonial de América Latina que condicionaron el desempeño económico y social de la región en el siglo XIX y principios del XX. Trata con particular detalle el caso argentino, encontrando en los sucesos posteriores a la primera guerra mundial y de inicios de la segunda, antecedentes de la formación y experiencia de Raúl Prebisch, quien 30 años después imprimiría a la cepal sus características fundamentales. Examina las ideas aportadas por la cepal al debate sobre el desarrollo latinoamericano y la evolución de los países que aplicaron algunas de ellas; también las circunstancias externas e internas que desde mediados del decenio de 1970 mutaron el entorno en que se aplicaban las políticas de desarrollo. Por último, señala los cambios más recientes en la situación económica mundial y el papel de la cepal en la defensa de las ideas de libertad, bienestar y tolerancia, esencia de la civilización moderna. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Centroamericanos is the property of Universidad Centroamericana Jose Simeon Canas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We attempt to approach the reception of the post-modern debate in Latin America, undertaken by several Latin American intellectuals who try to expose, describe, and understand the movements articulated in the present space, where various narratives emerge, converge and diverge; narratives that in the latest decades have aimed to report the social and cultural reality in our continent. Our intention, above all, is to contribute to the philosophical research demonstrating the powerful nature of philosophy to approach contemporary issues, especially in the social, political, cultural and philosophical fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]