Search

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is one of the most widespread and harmful viruses infecting gladiolus plants worldwide. The aim of the study was to perform a phylogenetic analysis of two CMV isolates from gladioli grown in different regions of Ukraine. For the first time, 443 nt sequences of the capsid protein (CP) gene of gladiolus isolates CMV-Gl-Skv-20 (MW847710) and CMV-Gl-SkvP-20 (MW847714) from Kyiv and Poltava regions, respectively, were submitted to the NCBI GeneBank. Phylogenetic analysis showed that isolates clustered with different phylogenetic subgroups. CMV-Gl-Skv-20 belongs to subgroup IA, and has nucleotide (nt) sequence identity 81.9%-99.27% and amino acid (aa) identity 82.3%-97.6% with isolates from this group. The highest identity of the CMV-Gl-Skv-20 was found to be with Turkish CMVs from Rapistrum rugosum TUR83, TUR86 and Brassica TUR4 (98.8%-99.3% nt and 97,6% aa), as well as with Australian isolates Ny and 207 from tomato, and banana isolate Cameroon (98.9%-99% nt and 97,6% aa). CMV-Gl-SkvP-20 belongs to subgroup IB and shares 95.8%-100% nt and 96%-100% aa identity with the members of this subgroup. CMV-Gl-SkvP-20 has the highest identity with Ukrainian isolates from cucumber Ukr-1409 and Echinacea P-EP-Ukr-19 (99.5%-100% nt and 99.2-100% aa), Chinese pumpkin isolates ZBR, WHR, isolate lu-17-14 from sweet potato and SXCH from Bupleurum sp. (98.3-99% nt and 98.4%-99.2% aa), as well as with gladiolus South Korean isolate ABI (98.3% nt and 97.7% aa). The results support the fact that gladioli are affected by CMV not only through the corms, but by vector insects circulating in growing areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gladioli can be affected with 15 species of viruses, which cause significant economic losses to both floriculture and agriculture. The most prevalent and harmful for gladioli are Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), circulating on the territory of Ukraine on vegetable, legume and other crops, and also Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV), which is included into the List of regulated pests of Ukraine and is the subject to strict control. The aim of the work was to conduct testing of gladiolus plants for the presence of viral infection symptoms and to test them for the affection with the most widespread and dangerous viruses, namely: BYMV, CMV, TRSV. Visual diagnostics, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in DAS-ELISA modification, transmission electron microscopy method and statistical data analysis were used in this research. The results of the studies showed absence of TRSV in all tested samples. For the first time in Ukraine, it has been established that gladioli are infected by Bean yellow mosaic virus. Its circulation on gladioli has been registered in Poltava, Kyiv and Sumy regions. Gladioli were also found to be affected by CMV or mixed infection of these pathogens. Gladioli infection by BYMV and CMV in Kyiv region is 88.2% and 93.8%, in Poltava – 69.2% and 55.5%, in Sumy – 66.6% and 0%, respectively. Typical symptoms on gladiolus plants caused by CMV and BYMV isolates are leaf chlorotic stripes and flower color break, less often – spotting on the leaves and plant stunting. It has been revealed that affection of gladioli by CMV and BYMV can be asymptomatic. The diversity, nature and course of viral infections in gladioli demonstrate the relevance of further research and their monitoring in Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The plants of different cultivars of Gladiolus from Kyiv region were analyzed for viruses. The viruses were identified by the methods of bioassay, ELISA and electron microscopy. Tomato aspermy virus was identified in the samples of Gladiolus plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]