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The article is devoted to the study of the historical eco-systems preservation problems. The aspect of the negative impact of the Russian-Ukrainian war on natural eco-systems is emphasized separately. Using the example of a unique natural area – the historical Kadetskyi Hai (Cadet grove) in Kyiv, the condition of this area, the problems of its existence and the ways to solve them are evaluated. The history of the Osiedle Oficerskie (Officers’ Residential Complex) in Cracow, its condition and problems, and the possibilities of applying Polish experience in arranging the territory of the Kadetskyi Hai are separately analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the issue of restitution of destroyed architectural monuments that remains disputable. Based on compliance with the world practice of restitution that is recognized at the legislative level, an example of restitution of a unique object of Ukraine is described – St. Michael's Golden-Domed Cathedral in Kyiv, destroyed in the period of the militant atheism of the 1930s. Specialists of the Ukrrestavratsiia Corporation completely reconstructed the volume of the destroyed St. Michael's Golden-Domed Cathedral and St. Michael's bell tower. The work focuses on one of the aspects of the accomplished rehabilitation activities – state-of-the-art technologies for performing mural paintings that imitate ancient Rus frescoes and baroque mural paintings. Reproducing the image-bearing concept of mural painting was one of the most challenging tasks, taking into consideration that photographic materials and evidence of interior decoration were not sufficient on the one hand, and the fact that the cathedral and monastery are functional – on the other, that imparted its peculiarity and called for painting the murals using up-to-date durable painting technologies. For these reasons, instead of the sophisticated and less durable technique of the ancient Rus frescoes, mural painting was used in the image-bearing system of frescoes, but in the state-of-the-art techniques of Keim’s process or mineral painting. The possibilities of strengthening and monitoring cracked masonry structures that are the base of reconstructed frescoes are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes two examples of restoration socialist era railway station buildings and monumental art works. The difficulty of restoration with the reconstruction of Kyiv railway station building was that during the Second World War it was partially destroyed and many structures were in disrepair; the finishing technique of exterior facades and interiors has been changed several times. In the station building centre under the lobby a new flooring of metal structures was arranged, escalators were arranged, the roof was replaced with a copper one with existing structures reinforcement. The stages of restoration and repair works of the upper and lower pavilions of the Warszawa Powiśle railway station are analyzed. In 2008-2009, the upper pavilion was renovated to restore the original appearance. The stone floor and glass back wall made of glass blocks were replaced with new ones. In 2009, the lower pavilion of the Warszawa Powiśle railway station was converted into a cafe-club with a change in the internal functional scheme. The example of the new railway station in Oświęcim shows a positive example of the transfer of the mosaic in the interior of the old station building by transferring it to the new minimalism-style station building facade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the study of building materials for Art Nouveau buildings in the cities of Ukraine and Poland and the experience of their restoration using modern materials and technologies. Considering the vastness of Art Nouveau (Secession style) heritage in Ukraine and Poland, the authors limited themselves to only one narrow aspect - finishing materials and four cities - Kyiv, Kharkiv, Cracow and Lodz. The example of Rodzianko's apartment in Kyiv shows what finishing materials were used at the beginning of the 20th century. The buildings of the northern national romanticism, in which natural raw stone was widely used, were distinguished by the specifics of the decoration. The Polish Art Nouveau version formed in the mainstream European trends and under the direct influence of the Vienna Secession. On the example of objects in Cracow and Lodz, different methods of finishing the facades of buildings with various functional purposes were shown. The scientific novelty of the article is the analysis of the chemical compositions of paints and plasters of the Secession period, and modern methods of restoration of such objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the phenomenon of "pseudo-Gothic" and "neo-Gothic" in the residential architecture of historicism-eclecticism in Kyiv and Cracow in the 19th – early 20th century. There are three essential features of historicism with elements of Gothic: free interpretation by architects of the "token" elements of medieval Gothic which were often combined with the elements of Renaissance and Baroque architecture and some details of Art Nouveau; "Kyiv neo-Gothic" was a purely "facade style", which did not affect the changes in the characteristic plans of residential buildings; the limited use of stylized and simplified Gothic motifs. In Kyiv, the appearance of Gothic stylizations in architecture was explained by general enthusiasm for the ideas of romanticism. But in Cracow, as in whole Poland with a rich heritage of the Middle Ages, it was an attempt to revive the national style – the embodiment of national identity. The difference between the Cracow neo-Gothic style and the Kyiv one was primarily in the fact that such buildings were not so numerous and were only public or sacred objects. The peculiarities of the restoration of such buildings are associated with the use of a large number of the complicated finely detailed decor, ornamental masonry, and stained-glass windows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of revitalization of unprofitable industrial enterprises, which occupy large areas in the central districts of cities, has become international. Significance world experience in the conversion of such institutions for public, commercial, business and housing function has been accumulated. When an industrial building is an architectural monument, it imposes additional restrictions on preserving its authentic appearance and, in some cases, the interior. A unique example is the city of Lodz in Poland, a real "city of industrial monuments", the vast majority of whose historical and architectural heritage is made up of industrial objects of high architectural quality. Given this specificity, the city has accumulated a unique experience of revitalization, which can be successfully used in other countries. There are fewer such unique objects of high architectural level in Ukraine, because most of the preserved industrial objects belong to the Soviet period and were built according to typical projects. However, some of them are also of historical value and should be preserved, as shown by the example of an elevator in Kyiv. The revitalization of industrial enterprises in Poltava is connected with bigger problems, taking into account the problems of economic profitability of such projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theme of the revitalization of historical industrial areas in the central districts of large cities is international, taking into consideration the growing number of such examples in different countries. The main difficulty arises when an industrial object is an architectural monument and its authentic look should be preserved. Today, it is a common practice - the conversion of monuments of industrial architecture to the artistic territory of a new type - art clusters. The concept of an art cluster envisages that all the elements with an art orientation are interconnected, and the total effect of their combined action is several times higher than the outcome of single components. The first specific feature of an art cluster as a particular art unit, that it is not an accidental group of holders, who conduct particular kinds of artistic activities; it is the availability of tenants or owners who work for the common result, and their kinds of activities are correlated On the example of the Mystetskyi Arsenal in Kyiv - a historical fortress, subsequently redesigned as a defence plant, and the Na Woli Gas Plant in Warsaw, projects for the revitalization of industrial architecture monuments for multifunctional complexes are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]