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In patients undergoing dialysis therapy, mitral annular calcification (MAC) is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. However, there is little data on predictors for MAC progression in patients undergoing dialysis therapy. We retrospectively analyzed 98 hemodialysis-dependent patients in Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital who underwent routine transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in 2017. Three patients with history of surgical valve replacement or severe valvular heart diseases were excluded. In the 95 enrolled patients, MAC was detected by TTE in 28 patients (29%). A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that duration of hemodialysis therapy was independently associated with presence of MAC (odds ratio [OR]: 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.16; p < 0.01). Among the 95 patients, 72 patients also underwent routine TTE 5 years previously in 2012. In these patients, progression of MAC from 2012 to 2017 was observed in 11 patients (15%). A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that number of coronary risk factors (OR: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.24–5.76; p = 0.01), baseline MAC diameter (OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.05–1.45; p = 0.01), and left atrial diameter (OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.68–0.95; p = 0.01) were significantly associated with progression of MAC. Accumulation of coronary risk factors was associated with progression of MAC in patients undergoing dialysis. Management of coronary risk factors may be important for inhibition of MAC progression. • Duration of hemodialysis therapy was associated with the presence of MAC. • Accumulation of coronary risk factors was independently associated with progression of MAC, but not with presence of MAC in patients undergoing dialysis. • Baseline MAC diameter was also associated with progression of MAC [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Although higher prevalence rate of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in female earthquake evacuees have been reported, sex difference in predictors of those, and the clinical course in the chronic phase have not been revealed. Hypothesis: In DVT, which originally tend to occur in female, sex difference may also exist in its characteristics and in the remaining rate in the serial examination. Methods: Kumamoto prefecture in Japan was struck by a series of earthquakes, including a magnitude (Mw) 6.5 on April 14 and Mw 7.3 on April 16, 2016. Three days after the Earthquakes, we performed DVT mobile screening for 3203 evacuees in shelters during 8-month time periods utilizing ultrasonography (US). The acute phase was set from the onset of disaster to 2 months, and the chronic phase was set from 2 to 8 months. Follow-up US surveys for the DVT positives were underwent at 2 to 14 months after the first screening in each positive. Results: DVT was detected in 299 (9.3%) examinees. DVT prevalence was significantly higher in female (10.4% in female vs. 7.4% in male, p=0.046). In the acute phase, although a multivariate analysis revealed high age, taking sleep medications, comorbidity of dyslipidemia, leg edema, and lower extremity varix as DVT predictors in female, nothing was identified in male. In the chronic phase, DVT positive rate was comparable between the two groups (8.9% vs. 8.9%). Only high age in female, and skin redness in male was identified as significant predictor in the chronic phase. Serial examination for the 135 DVT positives (both in acute and chronic phase), 75 cases (55.6%) became DVT-negative during 2 to 14 months interval.Significantly higher remaining rate was observed in female DVT positives (50.0% in female vs. 20.0% in male, p=0.001). Conclusions: Only in the acute phase of the Kumamoto Earthquake, DVT prevalence was significantly higher in female evacuees, and predictors of DVT depended on sex. Furthermore, DVT in female evacuees was more likely to remain than male. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]