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Introduction: Many studies have been published on the clinical importance and attractiveness of a face. On the other hand, Asian faces give an impression that is not polished owing to their pronounced cheekbone and mandible. There have already been many studies in progress pertaining to measurements and analyses of Asian facial structure; however, the authors would like to contribute to such research by providing practical analytical data and distributional patterns of the widths of their faces showing how wide their faces are., Materials and Methods: The facial golden mask was applied to 1000 facial photographs of Korean college students, of whom 500 were males and 500 were females.The horizontal ratios (HR) of the mid- and lower faces of each student were calculated against the facial golden mask. The results were divided into 3 groups according the degrees of the HR for further analyses: group 1 (HR = 1.0), group 2 (HR > 1.0), and group 3 (HR < 1.0)., Results: We obtained an S-shaped cumulative frequency distribution graph for young Koreans per sex, per midface, and per lower face. The graph is dense at the center and is shifted to the right, signifying that the Koreans' midfaces and lower faces are wider than that of the facial golden mask., Conclusions: Conclusion reached in this study is that the faces of Koreans are wider than those of the facial golden mask as commonly perceived; thus, it is expected that graphs for the cumulative frequency of the distribution will be used extensively in the future.

Substantial pain is experienced by a lot of patients with cancer, and undertreated pain significantly undermines their quality of life. Despite international and national guidelines on cancer pain management, the practical effectiveness of management is still problematic. We did a prospective cross-sectional survey on pain prevalence, pain intensity, its impact on daily activity, and adequacy of pain management in 823 patients treated by medical oncologists and radiologic oncologists. At the time of the survey, 29.7% of the patients had pain that was moderate or severe. Performance status and tumor extent were significant predictors of pain presence and its intensity. Pain severity and the proportion of the patients whose function is impaired are highly associated. Among the patients with pain, only 37% rated pain relief as satisfactory. Forty-one percent of the patients with pain received inadequate pain management. Physicians did not adjust the analgesic prescription in about 53% of the patients who reported severe pain. These results demonstrate the alarming degree of undertreatment of pain in patients with cancer in Korea, and indicate the need to improve the management of cancer-related pain. Future research should elucidate the factors that impede adequate pain management in order to overcome obstacles to adequate treatment., (Copyright 2003 S. Karger AG, Basel)