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Vitreous tuff, sphene, andalusite, staurolite, and kyanite are minerals indicative of source and are found in the Yalu River estuary and its adjacent shallow seas. After analyzing the longitudinal variation of content and characteristic index of these indicative minerals (including mineral maturity, source zone index, stability coefficient, ATi index, and ZTR index) in 58 representative surface sediment samples and discussing their trace significance, results were obtained. Surface sediments in the Yalu River estuary and its adjacent shallow seas are found to belong to different provenances. Douliupu and its surroundings represent the southern boundary of the Yalu River's bed load transportation. Surface sediments in shallow seas have moved inward toward land. Sediments in the West-river-way reveal contact with the deposition from shallow seas, retaining characteristics of the main channel before construction of the Shuifeng reservoir, upstream in the Yalu River. While the deposits in the Middle-river-way are similar to the Aihe River, they showed a greater content of modern river deposits. Most sediments in the Liaodong shoals originate from the Yalu River; some originate from the shallow seas via storm surge. Modern river deposits are unable to reach easily the deposition zone near underwater tidal ridges in the shallow seas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drechslerella dactyloides generates elongate ellipsoid conidia and three-celled rings. Recently, Drechslerella dactyloides CNU 091025 and CNU 091026 were isolated in Korea, which generated elongate ellipsoid, Y-shaped and reaphook-shaped conidia, three-celled rings and fishhook-shaped traps. Therefore, molecular phylogenetic analysis, morphological variability, and nematode capturing ability were tested in this study. CNU 091025 generated two-celled or three-celled Y-shaped conidia, reaphook-shaped conidia, and elongate ellipsoid conidia, 17.2, 40.9, and 41.9%, respectively. Some fishhook-shaped rings connecting together formed two-dimensional web. Both fungi showed high trap-forming and nematode-capturing ability; especially CNU 091026 captured 100% Bursaphelenchus xylophilus within 24 h after inoculation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]