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This study aimed at revealing the extent to which e-learning is used in teaching the Islamic Education curriculum in the schools of Ma'an Governorate from the teachers' point of view. In order to achieve this, the researchers developed a questionnaire consisting of (20) items. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were verified, which reached (0.86%). The study sample consisted of (70) male and female teachers. The descriptive survey method was used in order to achieve the objectives of the study. To answer the questions of the study, the arithmetic averages, standard deviations, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe test were calculated. The results showed that the most important teachers' estimates of the extent to which e-learning is used in teaching the Islamic education curriculum in schools of Ma'an Governorate were as follows in descending order: the reasons for poor usage of e-learning, the availability of e-learning, the ability to choose appropriate e-learning methods, and the reality of using e-learning. Moreover, the results showed that there were no statistically significant differences attributed to the variables of gender and educational qualification. The results also showed the presence of statistically significant differences attributed to the variable of work experience in favor of the group of more than (14) years, in the field of reasons for poor usage of e-learning. The study recommended the necessity of conducting training workshops for new teachers, and providing the necessary infrastructure in the field of e-learning in all schools.

The educational curriculum considered as one of the main education tools in achieving its objectives, it's a tool for interaction between the teacher and the learner; therefore the civilized nations takes great importance to the design process on a sound basis, and to oversee their implementation in adequacy and effectiveness, and evaluation and development processes in scientific methodology, it is considered a matter of national priorities that acquires the most of their attention (the hill et al., 1993). And the success of the process of implementing the curriculum and learning processes, education, depends largely on the presence of qualified teachers that they able to accommodate the educational philosophy of the educational system and the goals of the community, and the processes of development and modernization of the curriculum; to keep pace with developments and global changes in various fields; and the curriculum needs of strategies for teaching and evaluation; to contribute in the giving learners' knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to live in the developed and variable world, and away from the traditional methods of teaching and evaluation. It is no longer the role of the teacher in this era to indoctrination information, and facts, but its role became prepared for the learning and educational environment , is where the acquisition of knowledge, skills,, values and attitudes being and the educated started to have different thinking skills and the objective educational of mastery that the modern education seeks to achieve; which required from teachers to realize it; and therefore the development of tactics, and methods of teaching; to keep pace with those objective and variables alrhmh (1987). Shows Sparks (Sparks, 2000) that the teacher should be able to diagnose students' needs, and understands how to learn every student, and that he should be familiar with the subject under consideration by, and roads that must be used to teach students, and owns stock a wide range of teaching strategies; that can choose what suits them learning educational situation. And the educationalists indicate to the close relationship between the teacher and teaching effectiveness, and that teaching provides a platform rich with opportunities, which provides the challenge for each student; to discover and invent applications of knowledge; to be used in solving problems, revealing the relationship between generalizations and concepts of realism and uses it, and the effectiveness of teaching keep teacher familiar strengths and weaknesses of the students, and make it able to adjust its strategies in education to suit requested (Selden, 1999). Sawa See (Sawa 1995) that the teacher and teaching should be evaluate based on the appropriateness of the teachers strategies and their impact on learning, and the ability to make optimum use of teaching strategies, and building meaningful class events to teach students.

Jordan has participated in international large-scale assessments (LSAs) since 1991 and in most of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Studies (TIMSS) as well as the Programme for International Student Assessments (PISA). After a short description of education system and policy-making context in the country, this article provides an overview of Jordan's involvement in and reporting of LSAs. It then discusses various ways in which results from TIMSS and PISA have impacted education policy, for example, as key performance indicators in the policy-making process, through the development of school curricula and teacher training guides, in the evaluation of initiatives and programmes by donors or by providing data to address questions regarding gender differences or declining performance. The article concludes with considerations as to how to further increase the usefulness of data from international LSAs through an increase in student motivation, further training in the data analyses and improved funding security.

This commentary describes a multi-national project which addresses gaps in the design and delivery of health and education services in Arabic-speaking countries in relation to early language development, with a focus on Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and the Palestinian Territories. This includes: (1) co-production with early years professionals and NGOs of approaches to support early language development; (2) development and standardisation of tools to identify monolingual and multilingual Arabic-speaking children at risk of poor language development; and (3) examination of language development in refugee communities. The importance of inter-professional partnership and the inclusion of families in planning support for oral language development is highlighted. Arabic versions of the Communicative Development Inventory (CDI) Toddler were developed, and data collected from 1074 Egyptian, Jordanian and Palestinian monolingual infants aged 8–30 months. Data from 201 age-matched Palestinian infants in Lebanese refugee camps highlight inequalities resulting from limited maternal educational opportunities. Data from 230 multilingual Lebanese 2-year-olds enable the interpretation of CDI scores as a function of language exposure. This work contributes to the promotion of robust language development for all Arabic-speaking children. This commentary focusses on sustainable development goal (SDG) 3, SDG 4, SDG 10 and SDG 17. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The purposes of this study were to examine the impact of chemotherapy treatment on Jordanian cancer patients' fatigue and to correlate their fatigue with selected sociodemographic variables at the beginning of treatment and after four weeks of treatment. Methods: This was a single group quasi-experimental correlational design study that enrolled 43 patients diagnosed with cancer who required chemotherapy treatment. Fatigue was measured according to the Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS) before starting chemotherapy treatment and after four weeks of receiving the first dose of chemotherapy. Data were collected over a period of four weeks and analyzed with descriptive statistics, the paired-sample t-test, and Pearson product-moment correlation. Results: The study included 17 (39.5%) males and 26 (60.5%) females with a mean age of 45.98 years. Most (n=17) were diagnosed with breast cancer. Obesity was present in about 64.4% of patients. The majority (46%) received an anthracycline-based regimen. There were statistically significant differences between respondents' total mean scores of fatigue pre-treatment and four weeks following chemotherapy treatment (t= -2.31, df=42, P<0.05). In addition, significant differences were found in the scores for behavioral, affective, sensory, and cognitive dimensions subscales (t= -2.24, -2.19, - 2.4, -2.4, df=42, P<0.05) between pre-treatment and four weeks after receiving the first dose of chemotherapy treatment. We observed a significant negative relationship between fatigue scores and hemoglobin levels (r= -0.04, P<0.01). Conclusion: Cancer-related fatigue is common among cancer patients who received chemotherapy and result in substantial adverse physical, behavioral, cognitive and affective consequences for patient. Given the impact of fatigue, treatment options should be routinely considered in the care of patients with cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing number of higher education institutions in Jordan, universities are competing to attract more students. To achieve this goal, the universities are competing to provide the students with all possible satisfaction means through providing efficient e-services. This paper measures the satisfaction of the students at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan, with the quality of e-services. It mainly concentrates on the students' satisfaction with the in-house developed Student Information System (SIS). To measure the satisfaction of the students, a questionnaire was developed and distributed to a sample of the university students. The questionnaire forms were collected and analyzed. The results of the questionnaire showed that the students were satisfied by the transition to e-services and the SIS has a positive impact on the students' satisfaction. The research also provides the university with some suggestions to improve the SIS and, therefore, meet the demand of the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand the use of strategic planning tools and techniques by hotels in Jordan and the nature of its relationship with managers' views of the strategic planning process. Design/methodology/approach – A review of the literature relating to both strategic planning and strategic planning tools and techniques in both developed and emerging markets is provided. The empirical research was conducted via a questionnaire survey of Jordanian hotels in two cities; namely, Petra and Aqaba. Findings – The main findings of this research are that the Jordanian hotels engage in the strategic planning process by using a number of techniques. The use of strategic planning tools and techniques relates more to the size of hotel and less to age and ownership type. There is a positive relationship between the use of strategic planning techniques and size of hotel. The managers of these hotels have generally positive attitudes towards the strategic planning process. The managers who believe in the benefits of strategic planning engage more in the practice of it. Research limitations/implications – The nature of this research is descriptive and the method used is a cross-sectional survey. Therefore, future research could be conducted on a small number of these hotels by using a more in-depth approach. Second, the sample was restricted to hotels in two cities in Jordan. Further research should include other regions in Jordan and should analyse the ownership types of hotels (such as independent versus chain) and its star rating. Originality/value – This paper provides empirical evidence about the use of the strategic planning tools and techniques by hotels in an emerging market context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes and explains the use of political risk assessment techniques in Jordanian multinational corporations (MNCs). A multi-method approach to collect data was followed. A self-report questionnaire was delivered by hand to the general managers of all Jordanian MNCs which were identified as operating internationally. Semi-structured interviews were used as a means of elaborating on the findings from the questionnaire. The study identified the extensive use of heuristic political risk assessment techniques (due to their flexibility, simplicity and low cost). Scientific techniques, on the other hand, were used by only a minority of MNCs. As has been the case in earlier studies, flexibility, simplicity and cost considerations were all found to be influential in this regard. However, the study also found that key decision-makers in Jordanian MNCs believe that official data are subject to censorship and are therefore not reliable. This undermines the efficiency of using highly sophisticated scientific techniques. Since there are a number of other countries in the Middle East - and elsewhere - in which these considerations also apply, this finding has important implications for international businesses which operate in these countries, whatever their home country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of this research is to examine critically managerial practices of political risk assessment (PRA) in Jordan. In this research, unlike most recent studies, the managerial practices of risk assessment are examined within a firm-specific characteristics framework. In line with the research objective, a survey strategy was adopted: quantitative and qualitative methods were combined and staged. A multi-methods approach was used to achieve different research purposes. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to the entire target population of Jordanian international firms, while semi-structured interviews were held with managers in a subset of firms selected via a stratified sample of respondents to the self-administered questionnaires. In analysing the data, non-parametric statistics were used. The main findings of this research are that the majority of firms conduct PRA occasionally, and that the assessment is most often motivated by an internal need such as an investment proposal. Different sources of information are used by international firms, of which internal categories are the most important.Risk Management (2008) 10, 135–152. doi:10.1057/rm.2008.8 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]