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The article provides information on a study by scientists at the University of Tokyo and the Japan Science and Technology Corporation where they combined a quantum-dot photon detector with a scanning confocal optical system. The researchers scanned the quantum-dot probe across the race of a quantum Hall device and obtained images with a spatial resolution of 50 µm.

Reports on the existence of an optical equivalent of the Hall effect, which was shown by physicists in Japan. Description of the classic Hall effect; Factor that led to the occurrence of Hall effect in polarized light.

Reports on the experiment conducted by researchers from the University of Tokyo, Japan which altered a light pulse's speed in a microcavity with a medium less than 10 rubidium atoms. Factor which makes the macroscopic concept of refractive index meaningful; Information on the pulses used in the experiment.