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Copyright of L'Infermiere is the property of IPASVI - Italian Nursing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines music's contribution to the wellbeing, identity affirmation, and cultural integration of African asylum seekers in Italy, in a context where the Italian majority is often hostile to migrants and denies multiculturalism. As part of a broader long-term action-based project dedicated to improving intercultural understandings, this case study focuses on the life story and initiatives of a single musician: Bawa Salifu. It follows Salifu from his status as an irregular migrant, who travelled to Italy from Ghana, to his role as a cultural mediator for asylum seekers in Italy and as the founder in 2015 of the musical project Oghene Damba: Cremona Boys Musical Theater. The sensitivities surrounding getting to know Salifu well enough to discuss his personal experiences are highlighted; this was only possible after documenting Oghene Damba performances for four years. Other ethnographic interaction strategies are also discussed, including jointly watching and commenting on Oghene Damba recordings and YouTube videos. Despite the limitations imposed on asylum seekers, Salifu's various musical initiatives and collaborations reveal the potential of music to give meaning to their disorientated lives and to make steps towards acceptance into Italian society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On December 4, 2019, the New York Times published an article describing Italian efforts to make espresso part of the UNESCO list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The piece details how essential coffee is for Italians not only for its culinary value but, most importantly, for the role it has played in creating political, social, and cultural communities all around the country: "I can assure you that it if [sic] weren't for Italian espresso and the social ritual of espresso coffee, Italy wouldn't exist as we know it," said Massimo Cerulo, a sociologist at the Università degli Studi di Perugia. "We cannot separate espresso the drink from the social ritual, because it is a routine, a socially shared practice." Coffee was also a harbinger of democracy. "The public sphere as we know it was born in coffeehouses," he noted, adding that Italy had some of the world's oldest and most beautiful coffeehouses, like Venice's "Florian," Turin's "Al Bicherin,"[sic] or Rome's "Antico Caffe [sic] Greco," which all opened in the 18th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This year's World Congress of Dermatology provided a varied and informative agenda for nursing professionals. In this article, Steven Ersser and Rebecca Penzer-Hick consider the nursing meetings evolution of the World Congress, and highlight some key themes from this year's event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: In Italy, most children and adolescents affected by oncological diseases are treated in one of the centers within the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (AIEOP). AIEOP relies on groups of experts; each of them develops interventions in their specific field of expertise to improve the diagnostic, therapeutic, and assistance pathway of patients and families. Although rehabilitation is an important field in pediatric oncology, until recently there was no working group dedicated to it. This study intends to show the steps that led to the creation of the rehabilitation working group in AIEOP. METHODS: First of all, a survey to identify the various rehabilitation approaches applied throughout Italian centers was sent via email to 39 AIEOP centers that provide rehabilitation. RESULTS: Answers received from 31 centers showed a lack of homogeneity in rehabilitation methods in terms of type of treatment, number of patients, and outcome measurement. CONCLUSIONS: Some results of the survey were chosen as basic criteria of clinical best practice on which to build the first rehabilitation working-group at the national level to be proposed to the AIEOP commission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Sicilian Mafia is a criminal organisation founded in Sicily which is an island south of the Italian mainland in the Mediterranean Sea. Until recently, this organization was responsible for many murders and bombings. However, recently, based on the investigations known as the "Mare Nostrum" operation, the Supreme Court convicted 67 people and sent them to prison. Some defendants were found guilty of as many as 39 murders. This article reviews the forensic analysis that was used when investigating responsibility for these Mafia murders. Our review is based on the court documents and the ballistic investigations which were carried out to evaluate the reliability of "repented" or "pentiti" statements. The murder victims were almost all men but one was a woman all of whom had gunshot lesions; in many cases, the fatal injuries were to the head and face. Ballistic analysis showed that in more than half of these murders, more than one weapon was used. In conclusion, the forensic analysis of the murders shows the Sicilian inter-families' dynamics and their characteristic operating methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Diffused religion" is to be understood in at least a double sense. First of all, it is diffused in that it comprises vast sections of the population and goes beyond the simple limits of church religion. Besides, it has become widespread, since it has been shown to be a historical and cultural result of the almost bi-millennial presence of the Catholic institution in Italy and of its socializing and legitimizing action. However values diffused in the Italian civil society can be considered as a form of conflict with the established institution of Catholic Church. Civil society shows a peculiar trend towards civic freedoms and ethical pluralism. Although the Catholic perspective is dominant, the civil society prefers a different system of values, even though not so much different from ecclesiastical social doctrine. This way there is a public space where religion is not the reference point and other perspectives take place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article critically examines the existing explanations for the initiation and perpetuation of labour migration to Italy between the 1970s and early 2000s and highlights the role of labour market institutions in shaping demand for migrant labour. It posits that the institutions governing the labour market in Italy have contributed to creating demand for migrant workers first by generating a significant amount of low-standard employment and second by producing massive obstacles and disincentives to the labour market participation of the domestic supply of labour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mercantile Communities in the Roman World. Networks, Cult Associations, or Guilds? In this article I argue that the recent focus on merchant and shipping collegia in the ancient Roman economy is too one-sided. Long-distance merchants and shippers needed networks to gather information and find partners. In some cases these networks were structured in closed formalised groups (as guild-like collegia), but in other contexts networks remained informal configurations of personal relations based on instrumental friendship or family alliances. Rather than focus on collegia I argue that we should study how mercantile communities were structured and organised and why different solutions were reached in different communities, with some opting for formalised groups and others for informal networks. I make my case by presenting three case-studies of important trade hubs in different periods and places in the Roman world: late Hellenistic Delos, early imperial Puteoli, and second and third century Ganuenta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the industrial affiliation and linkages of research and technology organizations (RTOs) in nine North Italian regions highly specialized in advanced manufacturing and introduces a methodology to assess the potential for a cross-regional technology platform. RTOs are supposed to operate in the development and application phases of innovation and are expected to provide access to key enabling technologies and R&D infrastructures. An original survey panel of 55 Italian RTOs is used and Social network analysis is introduced to assess the potential of RTOs to operate as a single cross-regional platform across key industrial and technology domains. Centrality measures are used to build an empirical model on the factors that drive the higher centrality of RTOs. Centrality is increased by convergence on few key technology priorities and is positively correlated with collaborative ventures, the number of contracts with firms and the presence of distinctive R&D infrastructures. Such a platform rests on specialized regional hubs, it operates with no gatekeepers and it only partially exploits geographical and technological proximity within the network. Future research avenues are discussed to improve the function of technology diffusion of RTOs in a cross-regional perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is based on an interactionist perspective, which conceives the art world as a social system. According to this view, the art world involves an interconnected group of actors, who share common interests and are embedded in a network of social relations. The aim of the essay is to offer an overview of the activity of visual artists in the German Democratic Republic and to outline their cultural exchange with Italy. Since the 1950s this interchange between GDR and Italy was supported by several actors and institutions at various levels (micro, meso and macro). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This consensus document is aimed at providing an updated, multidisciplinary overview on the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric nephrotic syndrome (NS) at first presentation. It is the first consensus document of its kind to be produced by all the pediatric nephrology centres in Italy, in line with what is already present in other countries such as France, Germany and the USA. It is based on the current knowledge surrounding the symptomatic and steroid treatment of NS, with a view to providing the basis for a separate consensus document on the treatment of relapses. NS is one of the most common pediatric glomerular diseases, with an incidence of around 2-7 cases per 100000 children per year. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment, but the optimal therapeutic regimen for managing childhood idiopathic NS is still under debate. In Italy, shared treatment guidelines were lacking and, consequently, the choice of steroid regimen was based on the clinical expertise of each individual unit. On the basis of the 2015 Cochrane systematic review, KDIGO Guidelines and more recent data from the literature, this working group, with the contribution of all the pediatric nephrology centres in Italy and on the behalf of the Italian Society of Pediatric Nephrology, has produced a shared steroid protocol that will be useful for National Health System hospitals and pediatricians. Investigations at initial presentation and the principal causes of NS to be screened are suggested. In the early phase of the disease, symptomatic treatment is also important as many severe complications can occur which are either directly related to the pathophysiology of the underlying NS or to the steroid treatment itself. To date, very few studies have been published on the prophylaxis and treatment of these early complications, while recommendations are either lacking or conflicting. This consensus provides indications for the prevention, early recognition and treatment of these complications (management of edema and hypovolemia, therapy and prophylaxis of infections and thromboembolic events). Finally, recommendations about the clinical definition of steroid resistance and its initial diagnostic management, as well as indications for renal biopsy are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of premature ovarian failure and subsequent infertility are possible consequences of chemotherapy use in pre-menopausal women with early-stage breast cancer. Among the available strategies for fertility preservation, pharmacological protection of the ovaries using luteinising hormone-releasing hormone analogues (LHRHa) during chemotherapy has the potential to restore ovarian function and fertility after anticancer treatments; however, the possible efficacy and clinical application of this strategy has been highly debated in the last years. Following the availability of new data on this controversial topic, the Panel of the Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM) Clinical Practice Guideline on fertility preservation in cancer patients decided to apply the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology around the relevant and current question on the clinical utility of temporary ovarian suppression with LHRHa during chemotherapy as a strategy to preserve ovarian function and fertility in breast cancer patients. To answer this question, preservation of ovarian function and fertility were judged as critical outcomes for the decision-making. Three possible outcomes of harm were identified: LHRHa-associated toxicities, potential antagonism between concurrent LHRHa and chemotherapy, and lack of the prognostic impact of chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure. According to the GRADE evaluation conducted, the result was a strong positive recommendation in favour of using this option to preserve ovarian function and fertility in breast cancer patients. The present manuscript aims to update and summarise the evidence for the use of this strategy in light of the new data published up to January 2016, according to the GRADE process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, "smart working" (hereafter SW) has become the norm for millions of workers around the world. A new way of working for most workers and in particular in Italy, a country where the use of SW was extremely rare before the pandemic. The aim of this paper, was to highlights whether smart working, adopted to face and survive global crises, could be really a suitable tool to generate benefits for companies, society, reduce environmental impacts and guarantee autonomy and flexibility for workers as well as a balance between private life. The analysis was conducted on a sample of 2753 individuals based in Italy during the period January and February 2021 using PLS-SEM model. The contribution of this study to research is identified in clarifying the potential of SW to create sustainable Smart Cities. • Company invests in ICT for smart working model • Smart working offers advantages to companies that apply this operating mode • Smart working do not influences positively the employees' quality of life • Smart working revolutionizes the essential characteristics of a community • The smart working must be regulated avoiding that the use of technological tools alters employment relations and negatively affects the personality of the worker [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the highlights of the inaugural joint conference of the European Association of Gestalt Therapy (EAGT) and the Association for the Advancement of Gestalt Therapy (AAGT) held at Taormina in Sicily, Italy, in September 2016. The conference discussed the intention to create a group of Gestalt researchers within the Society for Psychotherapy Research (SPR). It also addressed the growth in research practice in Gestalt therapy (GT).

The Foreign Citizens' Council of the Province of Bologna is a consultative, elected body that the Province has implemented to give representation to the non- EU population, given the absence of local voting rights for these migrants in Italy. This work analyses the models of political representation implicit in the electoral rules of the council and in the organization of the main competing lists in the election, and, through the analysis of electoral data and 32 in-depth interviews with the candidates, the effect the different models had. While the vote seems to have been mostly intra-national, cross-national lists were the most successful. The different levels of turnout among the electorate suggest that the vote was based on mobilization rather than on trust in the political system, and that the analyses that link associational density with electoral participation pose some theoretical and methodological problems in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: While adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) guidelines on lifestyle and cancer was recently proven to be associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer, no investigation has yet been carried out on its role on Barrett's esophagus (BE) development and its progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the role of adherence to WCRF lifestyle recommendations in BE onset and progression. The secondary aim was to investigate the association between disease progression and specific aspects of diet and lifestyle. Methods: Established risk factors for BE and EAC development and adherence to WCRF guidelines were assessed in 107 consecutive patients undergoing an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for symptoms suggesting gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) and a suspected diagnosis of BE/dysplasia on BE. Patients were divided according to histology: those with GERD without metaplasia, with non-dysplastic BE, with low-grade dysplasia, with high-grade dysplasia or with early EAC. The four groups were expressed as an ordered categorical variable of disease progression. An ordered logit model was estimated to identify the independent predictors of disease progression. Results: Adherence to WCRF guidelines was identified as independent protective factor (OR 0.51, 95 % CI 0.37-0.67) of disease progression. Disease progression was associated with reduced adherence to guidelines on physical activity (from 48.2 to 5.3 %, p = 0.001), sedentary habits (from 33.3 to 0 %, p = 0.03), fruit consumption (from 37.0 to 5.6 %, p = 0.02) and processed meat consumption (from 51.9 to 10.5 %, p = 0.002). Conclusion: Adherence to WCRF guidelines has a protective factor in BE onset and its evolution to EAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about the International Textile Machinery Association's (ITMA) 2015 convention and exhibition held in Milan, Italy is presented. The event with the theme "Master the Art of Sustainable Innovation" featured exhibits from the entire textile and garment sectors. The convention also highlighted several conferences with sustainable agenda and the first ITMA Sustainable Innovation Award.

Hyperbilirubinemia is a frequent condition affecting newborns during the first two weeks of life and when it lasts more than 14 days it is defined as prolonged jaundice. This condition requires differential diagnosis between the usually benign unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and the pathological conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, that is mainly due to neonatal cholestasis. It is important that the diagnosis of neonatal cholestasis be well-timed to optimize its management, prevent worsening of the patient's outcome, and to avoid premature, painful, expensive, and useless tests. Unfortunately, this does not always occur and, therefore, the Task Force on Hyperbilirubinemia of the Italian Society of Neonatology presents these shared Italian guidelines for the management and treatment of neonatal cholestasis whose overall aim is to provide a useful tool for its assessment for neonatologists and family pediatricians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the 38th Annual Meeting for the European Society of Neuroradiology to be held at the Royal Continental Hotel in Naples, Italy on September 17- 20, 2015.

The article focuses on earthquake reconnaissance missions and their benefits to earthquake engineering. Topics discussed in the article include achievements of early missions like the 1627 Gargano earthquake in Italy, contributions of UNESCO supported missions between 1963-1980 and modern post-earthquake field investigations along with investigating teams such as the German Task Force (GTF) and the Japanese Society for Civil Engineering (JSCE).

The article presents abstracts on medical topics which include, cross-sectional study on fabry disease patients, a case study on Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A, and neuropathy in POEMS syndrome.

Copyright of Römische Historische Mitteilungen is the property of Oesterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on the problem of organized crime (OC) in criminal law. Topics discussed include approaches to OC in Italy and England, the structure of organized crime (OC), and issues of harmonization in criminal matters. Other topics include the criminal law practices in Italy and England, and the two approaches to OC such as unlawful association in Italy and conspiracy law in England.

For policy-makers and managers of research organizations, improvement in performance is a constant objective. The potential presence of returns to scope of fields of research could influence decisions in planning the fields of activity of the research organization and the spatial positioning of its researchers in function of their specializations. We investigate the possible presence of returns to scope and the relation between scope of fields in an organization and intensity of interdisciplinary collaboration. The results, from analyzing the scientific collaborations of Italian university researchers over the years 2004-2008, seem to indicate that in general the scope of the research fields has no impact on the productivity of research or the intensity of interdisciplinary collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Media relations is historically a core activity qualifying public relations from other communication-related professions and is widely practiced in many organizations. Despite the increasing use of digital media to directly communicate with publics, journalists are still key stakeholders for organizations. Also communications by organizations have become more and more mediatized and at the same time more and more journalists are switching to a public relations career. Yet, if more journalists are becoming public relations practitioners and more public relations practitioners are adopting journalistic working practices, does this change the way these communicators perceive themselves and the other profession? The aim of this study is to provide some insights from a southern, Latin country, Italy, on how Italian public relations practitioners and journalists perceive their and the other profession, roles, practices and relationships. A mixed method, including face-to-face interviews and an online survey, was used to collect and analyse the data. Results indicate that public relations and journalism's converging roles is affecting how these communicators perceive each other in a favorable manner. Furthermore, the impact is more evident in public relations practitioners since their opinions of journalism and journalists correspond to journalists' selfevaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last 15 years Italian cyclotourists have been building a subculture around nostalgia for vintage cycling (bici d'epoca). Vintage-inspired races and gatherings such asL'Eroica(the hero) in Tuscany serve as the ideological and organizational foundation of a kind of cyclotouring seeking to reclaim the values of an older and ‘purer’ form of the sport. Riders and enthusiasts dress in pre-1980s cycling clothing and are by regulation not allowed to ride bikes made after 1987, the year clipless pedals and aluminium and carbon fibre frames began mass production. Heroic cycling, as it has come to be called, draws on a history of social and political engagement by cyclotourists and cyclotouring clubs in Italy. The Touring Club Italiano (TCI), founded in 1894, began as a club for bourgeois gentlemen in Italy's North who had an interest in cycling. The TCI quickly became involved in the Liberal political causes of the moment and began advocating for better roads and an improved tourism industry. The TCI's goal of making ‘Italy known to Italians’ serves as the historic foundation ofbici d'epocawhich has attached itself to other contemporary sociopolitical causes in Italy seeking to undermine Europeanization and preserve Italian agricultural and artisanal heritages. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The idea of the active role of migrants in supporting the socio-economic development of their homeland is the subject of growing interest in academic and institutional debates. This expectancy can be framed theoretically in the notion of transnationalism, where the migrant is seen as an actor placed simultaneously in two or more social fields: those of the societies of origin and of destination. This article discusses this view from the point of view of the behaviour of migrants who have settled in a new country of immigration, Italy. It refers to the empirical research concerning three transnational phenomena: (1) the development of independent economic activities, focusing on their transnational projection and the economic promotion of the migrants' homeland; (2) the economic flows, mainly remittances, generated by transnational families, especially by mothers who move abroad leaving their children at home; (3) development cooperation projects which involve migrant associations. The results suggest that we can distinguish a basic transnationalism, typical of a new country of immigration, like Italy, from an advanced transnationalism, found in the US experience of the migrants' elites engaged in many forms of transnational commitment to their homeland. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A call for papers and panels is presented in regards to the International Society for Public Law's Inaugural Conference which is scheduled to be held on June 26-28, 2014 in Florence, Italy, and it also provides an introduction to the journal and acknowledgments for contributors such as Asli Bali

The Divisionists were a loosely associated group of late nineteenth-century painters intent on creating a distinctly Italian avant-garde. They strove to override current anxieties about backwardness and cultural fragmentation in the recently established, but disconnected, Italian kingdom with a mission underpinned by modernist and nationalist aspirations. Although most of the movements' members aligned themselves with the political left and were anticlerical, almost all produced canvases with religious or mystical overtones, sometimes undertaking to paint specifically holy subjects. The sources for the majority of these images lay in medieval and Renaissance art. This confluence of a Positivist painting technique (for Divisionism drew on scientific theories of chromatics and optics) and radical politics with anti-materialist and sacred themes, and modern art with historical prototypes, albeit paradoxical, was not an altogether surprising phenomenon in the 1890s, the decade when Symbolist art and revivalist trends thrived and spiritualism and science overlapped. Focusing on their sacred works, this essay explores the cultural context within which the Divisionists pursued spirituality and expressed metaphysical and transcendent ideas. It also demonstrates how the Divisionists negotiated the polarities of tradition and progress present in the post-Unification era and recognized that once they reinterpreted and recast their antecedents' religious art and Catholic narratives with an empirical painting method and modernist strategies, they could forge new icons of spirituality and respond to nationalist exigencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structures and potentialities of cultural landscapes have been studied mostly under a historical perspective. This article questions if contemporary societies can develop cultural landscapes. Starting from an analysis of the structure of contemporary landscapes, it investigates methods of developing cultural landscapes with contemporary knowledge and background. The theoretical assumptions are based on an ecosystem approach and consider the social and functional values in relation to the infrastructure project. Linear infrastructures are the physical basis for material and immaterial links between societies. They structure local territories, but more often reflect upper level rationalities thus physically cross areas without providing a local service. An interpretative model to support cultural landscape dynamics within linear infrastructure projects was developed and tested in three Italian transportation infrastructures. The model was based on the analysis of the structure and the generating processes of contemporary cultural landscapes and makes use of criteria and indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The treatment of endocrinopathies in haemoglobinopathies is a continually expanding research area; therefore, recommendations supporting the appropriateness of treatments are a pressing need for the medical community., Methods: The Management Committee of SITE selected and gathered a multidisciplinary and multiprofessional team including experts in haemoglobinopathies and experts in endocrinopathies, who have been flanked by experts with methodological and organizational expertise, in order to formulate recommendations based on the available scientific evidence integrated by clinical experience. The project followed the systematic approach for the production of clinical practice guidelines according to the methodology suggested by the National Center for Clinical Excellence, Quality and Safety of Care (CNEC)., Results: Out of 14 topics 100 clinical questions were addressed and 206 recommendations were elaborated. Strength of recommendations, panel agreement, general description of the topic, and interpretation of evidence were reported., Conclusions: Good Practice Recommendations are the final outcome of translational research and allow to transfer the latest research knowledge to the daily clinical practice of endocrine complications in haemoglobinopathies.

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between psychological empowerment and organizational identification as well as the impact that these two constructs have on turnover intention and job satisfaction (focal outcomes). Participants were 5,195 employees from 730 teams in 6 Italian local health organizations. Two competing conceptual models were tested for goodness of fit using multilevel path analysis. In the first model, psychological empowerment predicts organizational identification, which, in turn, predicts focal outcomes. In the second model, organizational identification predicts psychological empowerment, which, in turn, predicts focal outcomes. Fit indices of the path analysis indicated that the second model obtained the best fit to the data as compared with other models. Moreover, mediation analysis showed that psychological empowerment mediated the relationship between organizational identification and focal outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) celebrated its 25th Anniversary Congress in Milan under the chairmanship of Professor Emilio Bombardieri and the auspices of the Italian Society of Nuclear Medicine. As always, the Congress was a great success: more than 5,530 participants from 88 countries came from Europe and beyond. In spite of limited budgets, industry again made an important contribution: New innovative equipment and tracers demonstrating the latest technology and innovations were presented by 122 companies. This review is a brief summary of the major scientific contributions made in the fields of oncology, multimodality imaging, cardiovascular science, neurology and psychiatry, technological innovation and novel tracers, and in other clinical sciences as well as in radionuclide therapy, which all show promising and great innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A question - perhaps provocative - that we wish to ask nowadays is: do scientific Academies serve a purpose, are they useful and, above all, do they make sense in the current context? In this paper, the answer to these questions pass from the analysis of some economic issues dealt with in the long history of the Istituto Lombardo, Accademia di Scienze e lettere. In the “Lombardo" economics is not only a topic of scientific study but also as a bridge between the scientific- technological and the juridical-philosophical culture. This may also be the current usefulness of Academies: to guide a form of wisdom aimed at civilizing, bearing in mind the history of science. Among the members of the Istituto Lombardo an emblematic figure is that of Carlo Cattaneo who made important contributions for understanding the connection between the scientific debate, its role in the civilization, and economic development in Italy and Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]