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The article focuses on a classification of Italian regions according to electoral behavior. One of the most complex problems in sociological investigation is that of measuring structural effects or effects of influences exerted by different zones or social contexts. On the theoretical level many types of analyses have been suggested, but it has often appeared that one of the difficulties was that of measuring the influence exerted by one zone on more complex relations than those existing between two variables. A very interesting suggestion has been advanced, with sociological research work, by researcher Hanan C. Selvin namely, to compare the value of residuals in a regression analysis with a view to establish the measure of influence of a zone. This is the methodological approach taken to a problem concerning the analysis of electoral behavior in several Italian regions. Results have confirmed that Republican tradition, illiteracy and participation exert an influence on Communist votes, secondary-school education being also present, but to a much lesser degree while the same factors exert a negative influence on Christian Democrat party votes.