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Aim: To analyze associated comorbidities in patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing lower limb amputation. Method: Documentary study with a quantitative approach carried out in a public reference hospital in the state of Piauí, northeastern Brazil, between the years 2019 and 2021. Data were collected using a form developed by the authors. The study variables were: age, gender, origin, type of amputation and comorbidities. Data analysis was descriptive, using absolute frequency and percentages. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the State University of Piauí, under opinion No. 4,758,688. Results / Discussion: 525 amputation procedures were quantified in the period, of which 65% were performed in diabetic patients, elderly (79%) with a mean age of 73 years, male (56.8%), from the interior of the state of Piauí (68.8%). As for comorbidities, it was found that 168 (48.8%) had systemic arterial hypertension and 39 (11.3%) had a previous diagnosis of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD). Regarding the anatomical location of the amputation, 148 (43%) were performed at the foot level and 130 (38.9%) transfemoral. Conclusion: Systemic arterial hypertension is the most prevalent comorbidity associated with diabetes mellitus in elderly male patients with foot and transfemoral amputation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]