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Objective  Reconstruction after open surgery of anterior skull base lesions is challenging. The fascia lata graft is our workhorse for achieving dural sealing and preventing cerebrospinal fluid leak and meningitis. This study seeks to analyze the donor and recipient site complication rates after fascia lata reconstruction. Methods  This is a retrospective review of all open anterior skull base operations in which a double-layer fascia lata graft was used for the reconstruction of the defect from 2000 to 2016 at the Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, a tertiary referral center in Israel. Results  Of the 369 patients operated for skull base lesions, 119 underwent open anterior skull base surgery and were reconstructed with a fascia lata graft. The patients' mean age was 47.1 years, and 68 (57.1%) were males. The overall postoperative early and late donor site complication rates were 6.7% (n  = 8) and 5.9% (n  = 7), respectively. Multivariate analysis found minor comorbidities and persistent/recurrent disease as being predictors for early-term complications. The overall postoperative early central nervous system (CNS) complication rate was 21.8% (n  = 26), while 12.6% (n  = 15) of the patients had late postoperative CNS complications. Conclusion  Reconstruction of open anterior skull base lesions with fascia lata grafting is a safe procedure with acceptable complication and donor site morbidity rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores Eliyahou Zini's critique of Ovadia Yosef s vision of Sephardic identity. Zini's critique reflects the variety of opinions within the Sephardic world on this topic and endeavors to undermine the socially constructed ethnic divides in Israel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we offer some analytical comments on the digitization of the National Library of Israel (NLI), which has been converting materials into digital formats since 2007. This research draws upon Actor-Network Theory and is based on participant observation within the Digitization Center of the NLI. Specifically, we ask how human and non-human actors—namely scanning technicians and graphic designers, scanners, manuscripts and ephemera—are co-embedded in the production of the corpus that will likely be the basis for historical accounts in the future; and what their inter-relationships can tell us about the digitization of heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parents' wish for antibiotics is a significant determinant of antibiotic prescription for their children. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of an educational intervention on parents' attitudes towards antibiotic use. Parents accompanying their children to primary pediatric clinics of Jerusalem-Hashfela District of Maccabi Healthcare Services responded to a survey regarding their wish for antibiotic treatment. Two groups of parents were surveyed: A (control) in a pre-intervention period and B (intervention) during the intervention period. The intervention included posters, pamphlets, and drawing booklets for children in the waiting rooms. A per-protocol analysis that included from group B only parents that stated they noticed the educational material (B1) was also performed. Eight hundred and sixty-eight parents were surveyed during the pre-intervention period and 688 parents during the intervention period. Children's median age was 4 years (8 days-16 years). Most (86%) of the parents were mothers. Groups were similar in socio-demographic characteristics and children's medical complaints. Factors associated with parent's low expectation for antibiotics were a general negative attitude to antibiotics (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.20-2.30), current upper respiratory tract symptoms (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.21-0.39), advanced knowledge regarding antibiotics (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.26-2.34), and being in group B (intervention) (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.08-2.00). The effect of the intervention was greater in the per-protocol analysis (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.20-2.55). A simple educational intervention was effective in reducing parents' expectation for antibiotics but was significantly more effective when parents reported they noticed the campaign. Improving parents' knowledge regarding antibiotics can reduce parents' wish for antibiotic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is an increasing prevalence of developmental difficulties among Israeli children. We aimed to assess whether pediatricians are equipped to diagnose and manage them., Methods: We assessed the knowledge of basic child development issues and availability of services and content of special education systems among a randomly selected national sample of residents and senior Israeli pediatricians. This was done via an 70-itemed survey developed especially for this study which consisted of seven main subjects: developmental milestones, global developmental delay, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, protocol for referring to a child development institute, availability and facilities of special education systems, and medical conditions associated with developmental delay., Results: A total of 310 pediatricians (an 86 % usable response rate) participated. The total median knowledge score was 32.1 % (IQR 17.8-53.5 %). Knowledge was significantly better among senior pediatricians (p < .001), those working in an office-based setting (p < .001), and those who were parents (p < .001) or had a family history of a developmental condition (p = .003). Most responders (94 %) felt that their resident training in child development was inadequate, and that they do not have sufficient access to resources and guidelines about child development and special education systems (80 %)., Conclusions: The gap in knowledge on topics of child development and special education systems among Israeli pediatricians stems from inadequacies in the current curricula of pediatric residencies. The alarmingly low scores of our survey on these issues call for prompt revamping of the syllabus to include them., (© 2021. The Author(s).)

Palliative care is recognised by the WHO as an essential component of care for the seriously ill. Geographically isolated and historically underserved communities, particularly from ethnic minority groups, face obstacles in obtaining adequate palliative care. This case involves the care of a 26-year-old Druze man suffering from a terminal cancer in his Golan Heights village. Local physicians were able to train the patient's father in a palliative care capacity. In the effort of capacity building, the physician and palliative care team also aided the aggrieved family in the process of coping. Robust support networks, both at state and community levels, facilitated the care provided. In showcasing the role of the national and local safety net in activating and building community resources to address a dearth of palliative care services in disadvantaged regions, this case models a potentially effective community-based approach to palliative care for patients from underserved populations., (2015 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.)