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Background: In hemodialysis patients, tunneled, cuffed, double-lumen catheters are frequently used for long-term venous access. Infections associated with these catheters are one of the major causes of morbidity and resource usage in the hemodialysis population. Objective: The aim of the current study is to investigate the frequency and types of fungal infection in patients on hemodialysis with double lumen catheter in Imamein Kadhimein Teaching Hospital and Al-Karama Teaching Hospital, Iraq. Material and methods: For the purpose of detecting a fungal infection, 19 blood samples from hemodialysis patients with double lumen catheters were subjected to both BacT/ALERT system (Blood Culture) and molecular approaches (Multiplex Real Time PCR). Results: By using traditional techniques, the fungi Candida spp. (2%), and Cryptococcus spp. (1%) were detected. The following fungi were identified using molecular techniques: (2%) R.oryzae. Conclusion: The nephrologist should be aware of the many fungal infections that patients receiving hemodialysis with double lumen catheters may acquire, including R.oryzae, Candida spp., and Cryptococcus spp. The fungi mentioned above may be acquired during hemodialysis or may already be present as underlying illnesses. This study established that hemodialysis patients with renal impairment who use double lumen catheters could have several complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aime to assess the double lumen subclavian catheter complications among patients with end stage renal disease and to find out the relationship between the patient double lumen subclavian catheter complications and their demographic characteristics. A descriptive study was carried out through the present study in order to achieve the early stated objectives. The study was begun from February, 1st, 2017 to April, 10th, 2017. The study is conducted in Al-Najaf City in Iraq in dialysis centers of Al-Sadder Medical City and Al-Hakeem General Hospital. A non-probability (Convenience) sample of (29) patients with ESRD who are admitted to the dialysis centers. The data was collected on structured questionnaire designed specifically for this study, and it is consist of two parts: Part 1 Included Socio-demographic characteristics, and Part 2 Include (13) items concerned with the complications of double lumen subclavian catheter. Double lumen subclavian catheter for hemodialysis is preferred by many because catheters can be left in longer than femoral or jugular catheters in mobile patients, but the subclavian vein catheterization is associated with a variety of complications. The researcher can conclude that the infection of the catheter’s orifice is high percentage among double lumen subclavian catheters complications and the result shows that there is no significant relationship between socio-demographic data and complications. The study recommends that the catheter should be performed only by trained personnel and should enhance the methods of sterile techniques in hemodialysis unit to decrease infection by improving the nursing practice through training course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]