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Breast cancer is the commonest cancer affecting women worldwide. Different studies have dealt with the etiological factors of that cancer aiming to find a way for early diagnosis. This investigation was carried out on 74 patients (all were females) who received satisfactory therapy. The present study investigated the relationship between BMI and evaluation of some etiological risk factors among breast cancer patients in Iraq. They were confirmed for breast cancer by histopathological examinations at Nanakali Hospital in Erbil. All women were between 20-72 years. Ages, Weight, height, stage (II, III), hormone receptors ER, PR and Her2 were taken into account as risk factors. Among the breast cancer patients, 45% were pre-menopausal and 28% were menopausal and 27% were post-menopausal. Body mass index (BMI) is widely used as a measure of obesity. We investigated the relationship between obesity (BMI >= 30 kg/m2) and outcomes in women with ER-positive early stage breast cancer. Women with high BMI presented with more aggressive stage at the time of diagnosis. Their tumor usually show positive hormonal status (ER/PR), HR+/Her2- being the most Predominant molecular subtypes. most of obese women have tumor hormonal status positive with favorable molecular subtype (ER+/Her2-), thus Decreasing weight will mainly contribute to decrease tumor exposure to high endogenous estrogen especially in postmenopausal age dramatically effect response to treatment in return. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The abundant availability of solar energy in the nature is due to emitted energy by the sun at an extremely large rate. When all solar energy can be converted into usable forms, it become enough to supply the world's energy demand. However, this is not possible because of the environmental conditions such as effect of temperature, clouds and dust. Thus that through solar panel, solar energy can be converted to more usable energy forms. In a country like Iraq, efficiency of the solar panel is affected by accumulation of dust, where the permeability of its surface is reduced, which impedes the absorption of falling photons and thus reduces its ability to generate electricity. In the present study, a preprogrammed moveable cleaning system is used and the results showed that the output power of solar panel with cleaning increased by 45% as compared with that one without cleaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Breast cancer is the commonest cancer affecting women worldwide. Different studies have dealt with the etiological factors of that cancer aiming to find a way for early diagnosis. The present study investigated the relationship between BMI and evaluation of some etiological risk factors among breast cancer patients in Iraq. Methods: This investigation was carried out on 74 patients (all were females) who received satisfactory therapy. They were confirmed for breast cancer by histopathological examinations at Nanakali Hospital in Erbil, Iraq, and 30 of apparently healthy women were used as a controls. All women (patients and controls) were between 20-72 years. Age, weight, height, hormone receptors (ER, PR and Her2) were taken into account as risk factors. Results: Among the breast cancer patients, 45% were pre-menopausal, 28% were menopausal and 27% were post-menopausal. Body mass index (BMI) is widely used as a measure of obesity. We investigated the relationship between obesity (BMI >= 30 kg/m²) and outcomes in women with ER-positive early stage breast cancer. Women with high BMI presented with more aggressive stage at the time of diagnosis. Their tumors usually show positive hormonal status as ER/PR), HR+/HER2 have being the most predominant molecular subtypes. Therefore, decreasing weight will mainly contribute to decrease tumor exposure to high endogenous estrogen especially in postmenopausal age, dramatically effect response to treatment in return. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]