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Introduction: Strengthening metacognitive therapy strategies in self-concept and academic performance can be a crucial step in identifying, improving, and clinically treating psychological issues and promoting mental health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on learning styles and academic self-concept of secondary school girls in Jahrom. Methods & Materials: This research was carried out in terms of practical purpose and quantitative research method of semi-experimental and pre-test and post-test design with experimental and control groups and random assignment on the statistical population of secondar school girls in Jahrom. Seventytwo subjects were selected by multistage cluster sampling method and 36 individuals placed in each group. The experimental groups underwent group metacognitive therapy during ten 70-minute sessions. The tools of this research were questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate and multivariate covariance analysis and SPSS. v. 28 software. Results: The results of the showed that the metacognitive strategies training intervention significantly increased the average of written (from 4.72 to 5.44) and visual styles (from 3.17 to 4.67), as well as academic self-concept (from 72.36 to 81.14) (p<0.05). Also, the intervention caused a significant decrease in the average of two learning styles: listening (from 5.08 to 3.86) and movement (from 3.03 to 2.06) (p<0.05). The partial eta squared index showed that the metacognitive strategies training intervention had the most effectiveness on movement style and academic self-concept with the coefficient of 0.154 and 0.153, respectively . Conclusion: Metacognitive therapy is effective in improving learning styles and academic self-concept as a clinical treatment approach, and overall, it can promote mental health, and improve or treat psychological health issues outside the academic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Midwives as one of the most effective members of the health systems play a key role in delivering health services to mothers and children who are vulnerable groups of the society. This research aimed to investigate the effect of Logotherapy on job satisfaction and Organization-Based Self-Esteem (OBSE) of employed midwives. Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with the pretest and posttest design and a control group from all midwives employed in the public hospital of Rasht City in Iran. Fifty-six midwives fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected and randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. They filled job satisfaction, OBSE questionnaires, and demographic information checklist, and then, the intervention group attended Logotherapy for six sessions/90 minutes. Finally, both groups answered the instruments as posttest. Results: Results showed that the mean difference between OBSE (F6,83 = 27, p < 0.05) and job satisfaction (t2,62 = 27, p < 0.01) scores before and after the sessions in the intervention group was significantly more than the control group. Conclusions: Group Logotherapy increased job satisfaction and OBSE among midwives. It can be recommended for use in the clinical settings for healthcare providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Disability is an inherent part of the human condition, with almost everyone experiencing temporary or permanent injuries at some point in their lives. This research aimed to examine the mediating role of feelings of inferiority in the relationship between the perception of disability, self-concept, and self-efficacy in people with physical disabilities. Instrument & Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Isfahan in 2020 employing a structural equation modeling approach. A group of samples including 280 veterans and individuals with physical disabilities, supported by the Martyr Foundation and the Welfare Organization of Isfahan City, Iran was selected using an available sampling method. Data collection instruments included the Self-Efficacy Belief Scale, Beck's Self-Concept Scale, the Inferiority Scale, and the Disability Impact Scale. Findings The relationship between disability perception and both self-concept and selfefficacy was positive and significant. Furthermore, the perception of disability indirectly affected self-concept by reducing feelings of inferiority (p<0.001). Conclusion People with physical disabilities tend to have lower self-concept and self-efficacy due to feelings of inferiority. A more positive perception of disability is associated with higher self-concept and self-efficacy and a reduction in feelings of inferiority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achievement of a positive identity and its transition to adulthood is the most important task of the adolescent era. This cross‐sectional explanatory mixed‐method study sought to better understand barriers to identity development in female adolescents in Iran by explaining their own experiences and using a Positive Youth Development model as a framework. A total of 573 female secondary‐school students were recruited through multistage sampling and were asked to complete the questionnaire of Developmental Assets Profile (DAP). Positive identity in DAP consists of four assets (personal power, self‐esteem, a positive view of the personal future, and sense of purpose). Quantitative data analysis showed that among above mentioned four assets, personal power and self‐esteem gained lower scores. A qualitative study held six individual interviews and two focused‐group discussions were conducted to explain the barriers to personal power and self‐esteem. Results showed that considering personal power, there were two categories as follows: (1) barriers to a sense of control over life and future (subcategories: being limited by failures, deprivation of liberty, and dissatisfaction from being excessively controlled by parents). (2) Barriers to adequately dealing with the challenges and problems (subcategories: expressing feelings inappropriately, isolation, and blaming). Barriers to self‐esteem included categories of negative emotions due to weak academic performance, weak religious performance, weak communication with parents, and previous mistakes. The results of the present study highlighted the areas that need intervention in the field of promoting positive identity in adolescent girls and their parents. Practitioner points: A majority of the participating adolescent girls stated that their parents use humiliating behaviors or false disciplinary strategies such as threatening, neglecting, blaming, depriving from desires, comparing, unreasonable admiring, labeling, and expressing negative statements about their daughters or excluding them.A high percentage of teenagers participating in the study were weak in assertiveness and negotiation skills, and needed to strengthen their skills in communication.Most of the adolescents participating in the study suffered from excessive parental control and a lack of freedom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study investigated the association between internalized stigma and hope, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and treatment adherence and explored the most influential and predictive factor of internalized stigma among patients with severe mental disorders. Materials and Methods: This correlational descriptive study was conducted on 257 outpatients diagnosed with severe mental illness according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V) diagnostic criteria. The participants were seeking treatment at outpatient and affiliated clinics of Razi Hospital, Iran, from October 2018 to May 2019. We used a convenient sampling design. Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale, Dispositional Hope Scale, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Drug Attitude Inventory were used to gather data. The data were analyzed using inferential statistics (Pearson correlation, coefficient logistic, and regression analyses) at a 0.05 significance level. Results: The mean (standard deviation) score of internalized stigma was 1.57 (0.49), and 58% of the participants reported moderate to high internalized stigma. A negative significant relationship was found between internalized stigma and hope (r = -0.55, p < 0.05), self-esteem (r = -0.66, p < 0.05), and self-efficacy (r = -0.64, p < 0.05). Treatment adherence was not found to be significantly associated with the internalized stigma. In the final regression model, self-esteem and self-efficacy significantly predicted internalized stigma. Conclusions: Given the crucial role of self-esteem and self-efficacy in predicting internalized stigma, nurses should devote special attention to these factors and use strategies to improve individuals' self-esteem and self-efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Malocclusion in orthodontics is one of the dental and jaw abnormalities that can cause psychosocial and social problems. Personality traits, body image, and self-concept are different in orthodontic applicants due to the different effects of malocclusions on appearance and psychological well-being. The aim of this study was to investigate the personality traits, body image, and self-concept in patients seeking orthodontic treatment in Tabriz-Iran in 1400. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the study included all patients requesting orthodontic treatment whom were referred to one of the orthodontic clinics in Tabriz during 1399- 1400. This study was performed on 149 patients seeking orthodontic treatment (127 females and 22 males) by Convenience Sampling method. Neo personality traits, the Body Image Concern, and Marsh body self-concept questionnaires were used. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Results: According to the results, neuroticism, agreement, conscience, extraversion and openness to experience were high in orthodontic patients (P<0.05). The average dissatisfaction with body image was high (P<0.05). Also, the body outside self-concept was low and the self-esteem was high (P<0.05). Conclusion: Personality factors, body image, and self-concept are three effective psychological characteristics in patients seeking orthodontic treatment. Therefore, the request for orthodontic treatment is largely due to psychological factors such as differences in personality traits, body image, and self-concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Students’ sense of responsibility has a substantial impact on their academic and professional progress, as well as the future of their society. Therefore, it is necessary to examine and identify factors influencing their sense of responsibility. Aim: The present study aimed to propose a model of responsibility based on identity styles with the mediating role of self-concept. Method: In this correlational study, the path analysis method was applied. The study population consisted of all students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, and Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University in 2022. A total of 411 students were selected via random cluster sampling. The data collection tools were Kurdlo's Responsibility Questionnaire (2015), Identity Style Inventory (1989), and Rogers’ SelfConcept Scale (1957). Pearson's correlation coefficient test was carried out using AMOS version 24 and SPSS version 25 for statistical analysis. Results: The correlation coefficients indicated significant positive correlations between informative and normative identity styles and the sense of responsibility, with the mediating role of self-concept, while the diffuse/avoidant identity style had a significant negative correlation with the sense of responsibility (P<0.01). Moreover, the coefficients were significant for the indirect effects of informative identity style (β=0.028, t=5.17), normative identity style (β=0.047, t=4.32), and diffuse/avoidant identity style (β=-0.056, t=-3.27) on the students’ sense of responsibility, with the mediating role of self-concept (P<0.05). The direct path coefficients for all three identity styles in predicting responsibility were also significant (P<0.01). Conclusion: The present results showed that self-concept mediated the students’ sense of responsibility based on identity styles. Therefore, authorities should take the necessary measures to improve the students’ sense of responsibility, depending on their identity styles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aims: Self-concept is one of the most important factors for success in people's lives. If a person knows his abilities and talents and has a positive perception of his abilities and believes that he can achieve something with it, he has talent. This increases efficiency and effectiveness and achieves goals. The value of a person is the most definite factor in the process of mental development. If a person feels positive about himself, he is healthier and perceives life more positively as natural. Self-concept includes the real and ideal self. Research has shown that his weakness. Conception can play an important role in the development of emotional and psychological disorders. Emotional and behavioral disorders of children are closely related to psychological problems of parents, especially mothers. No matter how severe their mental problems are, the incidence of this type of disorders in their children increases or low mental health of mothers and their stress, anxiety and depression is a family factor. It affects the incidence of emotional and behavioral disorders in children. In fact, certain characteristics of family relationships, especially parental deviations and inconsistencies, strict and unpredictable disciplinary methods, and lack of emotional support from parents can increase the risk of children with these disorders.. In a study in 230 people in Tehran as a sample, it was found that there is a significant negative correlation between conduct disorder and self-concept. Self-concept as a human personality trait is a unique quality. According to Aristotle and Plato, thinkers and philosophers of other ages have commented on the idea of self. Self-concept is instructive, and it is of great importance to both the individual and those who are involved in his upbringing in childhood, and no One is not born with a self-concept, but a self-concept is gradually emerging and at the same time has a dynamic, structured process. Happiness increases with age, education, artistic activity, sports, religion, physical and mental health, and social, family, optimism about the future, and attitudes toward happiness. A study conducted on self-concept and family communication model showed that these two have a significant relationship with each other and self-concept is based on family communication model, dialogue and harmony in high school students. The child's self-concept has a great impact. In such families, approval, love, caressing, encouragement, trust, and a sense of security are seen, and children receive less social problems due to receiving love, security from their parents, and more empowerment, and this process creates a positive self-concept in the child. Becomes. Findings showed that there is a relationship between parents' relationship with children and emotional-behavioral problems and there is a relationship between self-concept and family communication pattern. The present study also seeks to answer these questions: Does family performance have a significant relationship with behavioral disorders? Do behavioral disorders have a significant relationship with self-concept in adolescents? The aim of this study was to predict and evaluate family through self)concept on behavioral disorders of adolescent girls and boys aged 12 to 15 years in Tehran. Methods: The research was a descriptive survey. The sampling method was cluster sampling and available. The statistical population of the study included all adolescent girls and boys aged 12 to 15 years in Tehran who were studying in the first year of high school. The questionnaire was completed by 629 people (309 boys and 320 girls) online. The research tools are: family assessment questionnaires, behavioral disorders, self-concept. In order to analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient was used. Structural equation modeling of relationships between variables was analyzed using spss.26 and Amos.24 software. Results: The indirect effect of family assessment by self-concept, empathy and happiness on behavioral disorders was 0.08 and the total effect was 0.15. Among the dimensions of family functioning, there was no significant relationship between roles with attention problems, social aggression and anxiety-isolation (P <0.05). There was no significant relationship between emotional association with attention problems and social aggression (P < 0.05). However, positive and significant relationships were seen between other variables (P < 0.05) and the indirect effect of family functioning on behavioral disorders with mediating the role of self-concept is also significant (P < 0.05, IE = 0.03). Family performance can reduce behavioral disorders by increasing self-concept. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, family performance has a direct and significant effect on adolescent behavioral disorders. Because higher scores on family functioning mean a more unfavorable situation, behavioral disorders in adolescents appear to decrease as family performance improves, and vice versa. The indirect effect of family functioning on behavioral disorders is significant and family functioning can reduce behavioral disorders by increasing self-concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Anxiety caused by Covid-19 causes some psychological problems in nurses. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between self-perception, resilience and differentiation with anxiety caused by Covid-19 in nurses of Loghman Hakim Hospital in Tehran. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study. The statistical population consisted of all nurses in the special ward of Loghman Hakim Hospital in Tehran in the second half of 2020 with 103 people. For this purpose, 81 people were selected as the sample size by simple random sampling. Participants answered questionnaires about "self-concept", Connor's and Davidson's resilience, and anxiety caused by Covid-19 Correlation coefficient and regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that between self-perception (r=-0.714, p=-0.001) and resilience (p=0.001, r=- 0.862) with anxiety caused by Covid-19, a negative and significant relationship exists between the nurses of the special ward of Loghman Hakim Hospital in Tehran. There is also a positive relationship between differentiation (r=0.667, p=0.001) and Covid-19 anxiety. Conclusion: The results showed that self-concept, resilience and differentiation are associated with anxiety caused by Covid-19 in nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aims: Self-concept is one of the most important factors for success in people's lives. If a person knows his abilities and talents and has a positive perception of his abilities and believes that he can achieve something with it, he has talent. This increases efficiency and effectiveness and achieves goals. The value of a person is the most definite factor in the process of mental development. If a person feels positive about himself, he is healthier and perceives life more positively as natural. Self-concept includes the real and ideal self. Research has shown that his weakness. Conception can play an important role in the development of emotional and psychological disorders. Emotional and behavioral disorders of children are closely related to psychological problems of parents, especially mothers. No matter how severe their mental problems are, the incidence of this type of disorders in their children increases or low mental health of mothers and their stress, anxiety and depression is a family factor. It affects the incidence of emotional and behavioral disorders in children. In fact, certain characteristics of family relationships, especially parental deviations and inconsistencies, strict and unpredictable disciplinary methods, and lack of emotional support from parents can increase the risk of children with these disorders. In a study conducted by some authors in 230 people in Tehran as a sample, it was found that there is a significant negative correlation between conduct disorder and self-concept. Self-concept as a human personality trait is a unique quality. According to Aristotle and Plato, thinkers and philosophers of other ages have commented on the idea of self. Self-concept is instructive, and it is of great importance to both the individual and those who are involved in his upbringing in childhood, and no one is not born with a self-concept, but a self-concept is gradually emerging and at the same time has a dynamic, structured process. the other author examines the relationship between overall self-concept, life events and happiness among 92 high school students. The results of this study showed that life events significantly affect positive and negative emotions, life satisfaction. Also, the impact of daily events was more than the main events of life. Happiness increases with age, education, artistic activity, sports, religion, physical and mental health, and social, family, optimism about the future, and attitudes toward happiness. A study conducted on self-concept and family communication model showed that these two have a significant relationship with each other and self-concept is based on family communication model, dialogue and harmony in high school students. The child's self-concept has a great impact. In such families, approval, love, caressing, encouragement, trust, and a sense of security are seen, and children receive less social problems due to receiving love, security from their parents, and more empowerment, and this process creates a positive self-concept in the child. Findings showed that there is a relationship between parents' relationship with children and emotional-behavioral problems and there is a relationship between self-concept and family communication pattern. The present study also seeks to answer these questions: Does family performance have a significant relationship with behavioral disorders? Do behavioral disorders have a significant relationship with self-concept in adolescents? The aim of this study was to predict and evaluate family through self-concept on behavioral disorders of adolescent girls and boys aged 12 to 15 years in Tehran. Methods: The research was a descriptive survey. The sampling method was cluster sampling and available. The statistical population of the study included all adolescent girls and boys aged 12 to 15 years in Tehran who were studying in the first year of high school. The questionnaire was completed by 629 people (309 boys and 320 girls) online. The research tools are: family assessment questionnaires, behavioral disorders, self-concept. In order to analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient was used. Structural equation modeling of relationships between variables was analyzed using spss.26 and Amos.24 software. Results: The indirect effect of family assessment by self-concept, empathy and happiness on behavioral disorders was 0.08 and the total effect was 0.15. Among the dimensions of family functioning, there was no significant relationship between roles with attention problems, social aggression and anxiety-isolation (P <0.05) .There was no significant relationship between emotional association with attention problems and social aggression (P <0.05). However, positive and significant relationships were seen between other variables (P <0.05) and the indirect effect of family functioning on behavioral disorders with mediating the role of self-concept is also significant (P <0.05, IE = 0.03). Family performance can reduce behavioral disorders by increasing self-concept. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, family performance has a direct and significant effect on adolescent behavioral disorders. Because higher scores on family functioning mean a more unfavorable situation, behavioral disorders in adolescents appear to decrease as family performance improves, and vice versa. The indirect effect of family functioning on behavioral disorders is significant and family functioning can reduce behavioral disorders by increasing self-concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aims: Mental health is one of the factors that can be effective in the dynamism and development of a society and have a great impact. Physical education and exercise are considered as effective tools to respond to psychological needs that people can use it in their spare time to satisfy their needs and express their inner desires (2). People's participation in sports leads to improved physical condition, mental health and optimal entertainment (4, 5). Identifying the motivating factors for participating in sports is very important. One of the reasons for participating in sports activities goes back to the word self-concept. In fact, it is every person's feeling about himself that will play an important role in a person's mental health. This feeling is called self-concept (6). Self-concept means the perception or perception that everyone has of themselves. How people perceive themselves is largely shaped by their past experiences (successes and failures) and what others think about them. The reason for the importance of self-concept is that, firstly, everyone's perception of themselves affects their behavior and actions (7). In fact, people with clear, well-defined, harmonious, and almost stable self-concept have better mental health. Also, Self-efficacy is one of the variables that point to the close relationship between exercise and personality traits (9). Self-efficacy refers to a person's perceived ability to adapt to a particular situation. Bandura defines self-efficacy as a person's belief in his or her ability to perform various tasks and their circumstances. Self-efficacy is one of the most important and effective concepts in Bandura cognitive-social theory affecting mental health and is one of the topics considered by psychologists that a person's behavior is influenced by the environment and internal characteristics. In this regard, training self-efficacy is also called the beliefs or judgments of the individual about his abilities to perform regular physical activity (10). In today's advanced societies, where material well-being has increased, psychological problems are one of the human intellectual concerns. To the extent that it has led relevant organizations and institutions to conduct extensive studies in this regard (12,13). In a study of adolescent girls, Dishman et al. Examined the mediating role of physical self-concept and self-esteem in the relationship between participation in exercise and physical activity with depressive symptoms (14). Lindell et al. (2020) expressed the positive relationship between self-concept of registration and physical activity even during the coronation period, which was positive (6). Onetti (2019) also examined the relationship between self-concept and sport among first- and second-year high school students, which has even had a positive relationship between themselves and their subscales (17). Also, Bustos et al. (2019) conducted their research among athletes and their sense of satisfaction and positive self-concept increased with increasing body mass (11). Attention to psychological characteristics, especially self-concept and mental health is one of the important and practical issues (20), especially among human resources and its staff, employees who have a guiding role in the core of the student community. Physical activity and training self-efficacy provide a feeling of satisfaction, happiness, vitality and physical and mental health (21) and employees in this regard need a spirit rich in positive energy and vitality and health. However, the communication model of self-concept and sports self-efficacy on health the mentality of the staff and directors of physical education in medical universities is unknown Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the communication model of self-concept and Exercise self-efficacy on mental health of physical education staff in Iranian universities of medical sciences of Tehran. Methods: The research method is descriptive-correlational, applied and present. 365 employees and managers of physical education of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling. For data collection, field study and questionnaire were used. Measurement tools included Marsh et al.'s Physical Self-Descriptive Questionnaire, General Mental Health, and Bandura (1997) Sports Self-Efficacy Scale. The obtained data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: The results showed that self-concept has an indirect effect on mental health through self-efficacy and self-efficacy has a direct effect on mental health. Conclusion: The results showed that self-concept has an indirect effect on mental health through self-efficacy and self-efficacy has a direct effect on mental health. The findings of this study were consistent with the results of Previous research (6, 11, 17). At present, the staff of medical sciences and physical education directors of physical education universities, in addition to being exposed to the stressors of the social, economic, cultural, and family environment, like all individuals, as a member of the large organization of the University of Medical Sciences, with stress. They face many jobs. Strengthening the feeling of love, security and self-esteem, a positive self-concept is effective in both their prosperity and the guidance of students. If people have high mental health and quality of life, it means they have the ability to cope with their job needs, so it is important. Their role is essential. High-income self-employed people enter competitive situations with seriousness and confidence. A person's degree of athletic self-efficacy determines whether a person avoids or approaches great tasks. The higher the athletic self-efficacy, the lower the emotional arousal. Sports self-efficacy has affected mental health and various types of human performance in various fields and human beings with high self-efficacy are successful in life and various experiences with it (10). In many studies, increasing sports self-efficacy leads to reduced anxiety, stress, effects Negative, negative reactions and stresses that lead to positive states. People with higher athletic self-efficacy are not necessarily more successful but healthier because they tend to exercise and engage in regular activities and healthy behaviors (9, 27). They are able to control weight, nutritious diets as well as stress management and that physical self-concept can be indirectly considered as one of the factors affecting mental health by affecting sports self-efficacy. According to the results of the present study, the effect of self-concept on sports self-efficacy and sports self-efficacy on the mental health of all managers, physical education staff of medical universities and therefore according to research, one of the factors that can improve physical self-concept and self-efficacy is physical activity. The World Health Organization (WHO) has made the current stressful situation very special, as the increase in mental illness and the decline in mental health are significant (28) and staff and managers need special attention and even maintenance. Considering that the present study has been conducted among the samples of employees and managers of physical education of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, it cannot be generalized to all employees and managers of physical education of medical universities in the country. In this respect, it is associated with limitations. According to the above, it is suggested that the subject of this study be implemented in the staff and directors of physical education of medical universities in other cities and provinces. According to the results, it is suggested that managers and officials use the necessary planning to use the features arising from self-concept and sports self-efficacy in order to improve the mental health of sports managers and employees and to promote physical activities (sports) and select athletic staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: High prevalence of behavioral and psychological disorders in children with thalassemia can be associated with a decrease in the self-esteem of patients and can completely alter the person's self-concept. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of behavioral problems and its relationship with self-esteem and self-concept in patients with thalassemia major aged 6 to 18 years. Method: In a cross-sectional study, 30 patients with thalassemia major at the age of 6 to 18 years were enrolled. behavioral problems, self-esteem, and self-concept were evaluated by the child's behavioral check list at the ages of 6 to 18 years (CBCL 6-18), the Coopersmith's Self-Esteem Inventory, and the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale. Results: A total of 10.0% of patients had behavioral disorders, 3 (10.0%) desirable self-esteem, 15 (50.0%) moderate self-esteem, and 12 (40.0%) poor self-esteem. There was a strong but adverse correlation between behavioral disorder score and both self-esteem score (correlation coefficient equal to -0.886, p value = 0.001) and self-concept score (correlation coefficient equal to -0.498, p value = 0.001), and thus those patients with behavioral disorder had less appropriate self-esteem and self-concept. Conclusion: The incidence of behavioral disorders is associated with decreased self-esteem and poor self-concept in these patients. Therefore, improvement in behavioral disorders can be expected by improving self-esteem and self-concept in such patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sexual self-concept has a considerable impact on mental and sexual health. However, the relationship between sexual self-concept and infertility is unknown. This study aimed to compare sexual self-concept between fertile and infertile women. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 250 fertile and 250 infertile women who had referred to 9 health centers affiliated to Medical universities in Tehran and Royan infertility treatment clinics in Tehran, Iran in 2017. Sexual self-concept was measured using the Multidimensional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire (MSSCQ) consisting of 20 subscales. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to compare sexual self-concept between the two groups. Results: The mean age of fertile and infertile women was 34 ± 5.62 and 29.74 ± 5.29 years, respectively. The highest score in both groups was for the sexual self-schemata subscale (mean score for fertile=3.21 ± 0.68 and for infertile= 3.42 ± 0.62). The lowest score was for sexual-depression subscale (mean score for fertile=0.59 ± 0.81 and for infertile=0.61 ± 0.76). After adjustment for the age of each subject, the husband's age, duration of marriage, and women's education, we analyzed the sexual-satisfaction, the power-other sexual control, and the fear-of-sex subscales, which were found to be significantly lower in infertile women (P<0.05). No other significant differences between the fertile and infertile groups were observed. Conclusion: We observed significant differences between fertile and infertile women in terms of sexual-satisfaction, the power-other sexual control, and the fear-of-sex, but not in other sexual self-concept subscales. These findings suggest that there is need to improve sexual self-concept among both fertile and infertile women. Indeed implementation of educational and counseling programs by reproductive health specialists might play an important role in enhancing sexual self-concept among these populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Professional Self-Concept (PSC) affects one's way of thinking, role evolution, professional behavior, and performance. The present study aimed to determine the effect of Pilates exercises on PSC in nurses working in Intensive Care Units (ICU) and emergency departments. Materials and Methods: This quantitative study was a randomized controlled field trial. The study population consisted of all nurses working in ICUs and emergency departments from 2016 to 2017. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 110 nurses were assigned to intervention and control groups using a permuted block randomization method. The Nurses' Self-Concept Questionnaire (NSCQ) was completed by both groups. The intervention group performed Pilates 30 min each session at home for 8 weeks. The Chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis test, and t-test were employed to analyze the collected data. Results: Mean and standard deviation of the PSC score was 223.73 (23.35) in the intervention group and 215.75 (34.54) in the control group at baseline; it reached 229.17 (23.36) in the intervention group and 217.77 (34.44) in the control group at the end of the study. The difference was not significant. The paired-samples t-test showed that the score of PSC was increased by 5.45 points on average in the intervention group after the Pilates exercises, which was statistically significant (t54 = 25.80, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Pilates enhances the score of PSC in nurses working in ICUs and emergency departments. The designing and implementation of these easy and safe exercises may prove beneficial for nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Since todays education is increasingly student-centred, the individual and social characteristics of students, including the academic resilance of academic self –concept and meta cognitive self regulation, have been increasingly considered in the educational process. Aim: The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of teaching selfreguleted metacognitive strategies on resilience components. (with intractive role Academic Self-Concep) of secondary school students in Tabriz. Method: The research was carried out using a semi-expermental design with pretest and post-testdesign with control group. For this purpose, 60 students with high and under Academic Self-Concep were selected through preliminary study and screening. In a semiexperimental design, they were assigned to two experi-mental and control groups. The collect information of Academic self-concept questionnaire (liu & vang, 2005) and Academic resilience questionnaire (Samuels & Woo, 2009) and to analyze the data, factor multivariate covariance analysis was used. Results: The results showed that the training of self-reguleted metacognitive strategies the components of has increased the Academic resilience of the academic. And self concept has played a moderating role in Academic resilienc. Conclusion: Based on the result, it can be said hat by teaching the metacognitive self regulated strategies in their intraction whit the academic self concept, programs can be developed to im prove the Academic resilience. this research has implications for teachers, trainers and school counselors that can use their results to improve students' progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Body dysmorphic disorder is one of the common adolescence disorders which is characterized by mental occupation with bodily deficits. Aim: The overall aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral art therapy on the self-concept, body image in adolescent girls suffering from body dysmorphic disorder in Ahvaz city. Method: The sample consisted of 30 students (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group) from the students who were selected by convenience sampling. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up and with the control group. For data collection, Yale-Brown obssesive compulsive scale and Self-concept questionnaire, multidimensional body- self relashionship questionnaire were used. Results: To analyze data, multivariate covariance analysis and SPSS16 software were used. Data results analysis indicated that cognitive-behavioral based art therapy in the experimental group compared with the control increased self-concept and body image and this effect continued during the follow-up phase. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that principles of art therapy based on cognitivebehavioral therapy can be used in the treatment of people with abdominal disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period cause significant physical and psychological changes in mothers, leading to changes in their sexual self-concept and adverse effects on their sexual self-confidence and self-efficacy. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of sexual education on postpartum women's sexual self-efficacy and self-confidence., Method: This randomized interventional study was conducted on 115 women who had given birth at least six weeks ago and attended healthcare centers. Using convenience sampling, the researchers randomly allocated the participants into two intervention and control groups through a block size of six. The intervention group received six 90-minute online training sessions based on the sexual self-concept model over one month, while the control group received routine care. To collect data, the self-efficacy and sexual confidence questionnaires by Buzwell and Rosenthal were used before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and one month later., Results: The study findings demonstrated no significant differences in demographic characteristics, sexual self-confidence, and sexual self-efficacy scores between the two groups before the intervention. However, the repeated measures ANOVA results revealed a substantial increase in sexual self-confidence and self-efficacy scores over time in the intervention group immediately after participating in the training sessions and one month later., Conclusion: Considering the effect of training based on the sexual self-concept model on postpartum women, the researchers recommend using this model to improve their sexual self-efficacy and self-confidence after childbirth., Clinical Trial Registration: This study is registered at the Iranian Registry Clinical Trial (IRCT20220530055025N1)., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background: Breast cancer, as the most prevalent cancer among females, exerts physical and mental impacts on both patients and their husbands. The present study aimed at investigating various dimensions of self-concept among husbands of Iranian women with mastectomy., Methods: This study was conducted on 23 patients with mastectomy and their husbands and therapists using directed content analysis according to Callista-Roy adaptation model. The participants were interviewed regarding how they coped with cancer through video call, and 'physical dimensions' and 'self-concept' subcategories were identified. Content analysis was done using the Elo and Kyngus approach., Results: The results revealed two main themes, namely 'exposure to physical challenges' and 'weakened to strengthened self-concept'., Discussion and Conclusion: This research showed the existence of many physical and mental problems of women undergoing mastectomy, and it is recommended to do interventions to reduce these complications.

Background: Burn injury is a devastating experience affecting all aspects of a person's essence, including his/her identity and perception. These patients require complex cognitive efforts to redefine their identity to deal with difficult condition after burn injury and preserve self-concept. The experience of life after burn injury is generally a solitary one, closely related to the patients' cultural and religious context. Therefore, this study was conducted aiming at investigating burn patients' experiences regarding how to preserve self-concept in life after burn injury in Iran. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was carried out using qualitative content analysis and in-depth unstructured interviews with 17 surviving burn subjects. Results: During the qualitative content analysis process, the concept of "locating" as the essence of the participants' experience was extracted as follows: (A) self-exploration (exploring the changes in one's life), (B) others' exploration (exploring the changes in the life of family members and the relationship between self and others), (C) position evaluation (self-position analysis), and (D) self-concept preservation. Conclusion: The present study has developed new understandings of mental experiences of burn patients' self-concept by describing the concept of "self-locating." It helps us in classifying and understanding the concepts described in comprehensive theories developed in this area. They do this by focusing on what burn patients experience for choosing self-preservation strategies and having a meaningful life. The finding can be used as a conceptual framework for palliative care program in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The study aimed to explore the professional self-concept of senior nursing students and evaluate its relationship with sex, age, clinical work experience, motivation for choosing nursing and average grade. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study based on the census method, professional self-concept of 70 senior nursing students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences was investigated. The data were collected using Cowin’s 36-item questionnaire of professional self-concept which measures nursing self-concept in six subscales. The data was analyzed using statistical indices such as frequency, mean, standard deviation, and independent t-tests and ANOVA statistical tests. A significant p-value was set at 0.05. Results: The mean of professional self-concept of students was 192.71±44.85. There was a significant association between sex and interest in the nursing profession and professional self-concept, but the relationship between age, average grades and student clinical work experience and professional self-concept was not significant. Conclusion: The attitude of nursing students is greatly influenced by the image of nursing in the society, which makes them have low self-concept. Therefore, occupational and social support and counselling to the students can pave the way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This study aims at analyzing social causes and consequences of labeling in patients with HIV/AIDS in Mashhad in 2009. The qualitative method and case study technique (life history) were used. The patients were all HIV-infected in a behavioral health center in Mashhad. They were all selected based on the types of risky analyses. The data were gathered using deep and semi-focused interviews. The results ultimately prove that the stigma of violation of patients' human rights and noncompliance to treatment is effective. In line with other studies inside and outside Iran, findings of this research show that stigma HIV/AIDS has both personal and public dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: This study was designed to determine association between locus of control and self concept in ESRD patients. METHODS: Fifty patients with ESRD under hemodiyalysis regimen compared with 50 matched-controls for locus of controls by the Iranian version of the Health Locus of Control Scale and self concept by Roger's Self-Concept questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS: Distribution of positive self-concept was 58% in controls whereas 32% in patients (P<0.05). Another significant difference was observed in subjects according to their locus of control. While distribution of internal locus of control in controls was 68%, it was 54% in patients (P<0.05). There was not any significant association between self-concept and locus of control in patients (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We suggested lower positivity of self-concept and locus of control in ESRD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Considering the increasing tendency towards cosmetic rhinoplasty and conflicting data in this regard, and in order to assess the role of mental health and self-concept in rhinoplasty patients, this study was performed at Taleghani Hospital in Tehran during 2003–2004. This was a case-control study of 52 rhinoplasty patients admitted to the ear, nose and throat (ENT) and oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) wards of Taleghani Hospital and 52 control subjects who were matched according to age, gender, marital status, economic state, education level and occupation with the former group. Data were gathered using the ‘General Health Questionnaire-28’ and ‘Roger''s Self-Concept questionnaire’, and then were analysed by t, Pearson, Chi-square and Fisher''s exact tests. The comparison of mental health (including the total score and the scores of subscales for depression, anxiety, somatic complaints, and social incompatibility) and self-concept between rhinoplasty patients and the control group has not been shown to be statistically different. It seems that there is no relationship between mental health, self-concept and the decision to undergo rhinoplasty. However, more elaborate studies are needed to bring the demographic, sociocultural and psychological factors into consideration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: We aimed to determine the relation of different sources of academic stress and adolescents´ mental health through mediator variables on the student and school levels., Study Design: A cross-sectional study., Methods: Overall, 1724 students aged 12-19 yr were selected from 53 high schools in Qazvin City, central Iran through stratified cluster sampling. The sources of academic stress include family conditions, education system, future concerns, academic competitions, interaction with teachers, school disciplines, peer pressure, parental involvement, and financial problems. Academic self-efficacy and self-concept were the mediator constructs. The students and schools´ information were considered on levels 1 and 2, respectively. A Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling (MSEM) analysis was done., Results: High value of academic stress was associated with reduction of mental health. On the student level, the academic stress caused by the families 0.31 (95% CI: 0.28, 0.34), peers 0.29 (95% CI: 0.27, 0.32), and the education system 0.21 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.24) had the highest impact on the adolescents' mental health, respectively. There was a direct and indirect relation between academic stress and mental health through the self-concept. On the school level, only family conditions stress had a relation with mental health (P=0.015, b=1.08). Academic self-efficacy showed no significant relation in the model., Conclusion: The stress from the family is the most important source of stress associated with adolescent mental health. Self-concept unlike academic self-efficacy had an important mediating role in the relation between different sources of academic stress and adolescents' mental health.

Aim: To determine the relationship between self-concept and coping styles in patients with heart failure in an Iranian population., Design: This study had a correlational design., Methods: In this study, 100 HF patients hospitalized in the CCU and cardiac ward of Vali-Asr Hospital of Birjand, Iran were selected by convenience sampling method. Two validated and reliable questionnaires including Cognitive Perception of Self-Concept and the Coping Styles questionnaires were completed by each patient., Results: There were significant associations between emotion-oriented and threat to self-concept in total and physical sensation and self-consistency dimensions. Also, a significant association was observed between avoidance-oriented and threat to self-concept in total and body sensation dimension ( p  < .05). There was no significant association between the problem-oriented component and the threat to self-concept in total and none of its dimensions. The challenge to self-concept and its dimensions were not significantly related to any component of coping styles., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest associated with this study., (© 2019 The Authors. Nursing Open published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)