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The coordinated development of the regional water-energy nexus is important for the rational utilization of resources. This study proposed an integrated assessment and prediction approach of the water-energy nexus at the provincial scale, focusing on Inner Mongolia, China as a case study. A comprehensive and objective water-energy nexus evaluation index system was constructed. The coupling coordination degree (CCD) model, which measures the coordination between water and energy, and the grey model (GM(1,1)), which is used to predict the trends of the water-energy nexus, were used to explore coordination now and in the future. The results showed that the coupling degree (CD) of the water-energy nexus in Inner Mongolia had remained high at above 0.9 from 2007 to 2019, which was a high-level coupling. The CCD of the water-energy nexus showed a steady increasing trend from 0.57 to 0.76 and will continue to increase in the coming years. This study recommends continuously increasing monitoring of water and energy and increased focus on the coordinated development of water and energy. The results of this study can act as a reference for the coordinated development of the provincial water-energy systems and can guide research approaches for studying the water-energy nexus. • An integrated assessment and prediction approach of water-energy nexus was proposed. • The coordination relationship between water and energy systems was discussed. • The coupling coordination degree ranged from barely to intermediate. • There was a linear increase in coupling coordination degree prediction. • Ecological water use and energy use in the tertiary should be increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extreme high temperature weather event caused by global warming has increased the risk of urban electric power supply. Critical risk determination method is useful to the system risk prevention and adaptive strategy formulation. Based on analyzing the failure mechanism of power supply under heat wave impact, the paper put forward the method framework of energy-flow network on electric power system risk evaluation. There are three parts in the framework including energy-flow chart analysis of power supply and consumption, establishment and network analysis of Gephi visualization network, and matrix diagram evaluation of node importance. The visualized network of power system with different years and electricity input from external area were established and compared in the case study of Beijing in China. The analysis results showed that the network structure stability of the power system decreased slightly, which was due to the node energy flow becoming high imbalance such as power input from external area, local power generation and energy consumption. For risk prevention, power infrastructures should focus on the high-voltage transmission and distribution facilities and 500 kV hub substations. Meanwhile, to electric power generation and supply, natural gas supply and power supply from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region played the key roles. And power consumption should focus on the tertiary industry and living consumption. • Energy-flow chart of power system was transformed into network by Gephi. • Node importance was evaluate by matrix diagram with node degree and edge weight. • Electric power system of Beijing was analyzed and discussed. • Energy-flow imbalance of system components reduced network system stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]