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The Hadrami Arab tribe is one of the ethnic groups that continue to experience dynamic involvement in nation and character development efforts in Indonesia. Habaib as a cleric or preacher of Hadrami ethnic origin has a strategic position to be involved in nation and character building and present a narrative of national values in his preaching. The issue of nation and character development is important in maintaining the unity of a pluralistic society like Indonesia. One of them is a big challenge in maintaining a sense of unity and nationality. To make all this happen, support is needed from all parties and all levels of society to get involved and contribute together. The development of new media such as YouTube has recently given rise to preachers who use social media as a tool for preaching. One of them is the young cleric Habib Ja'far Al Hadar who has almost 1.4 million subscribers. This young Habib is known as a preacher who consistently encourages tolerance and peace. This research aims to find and analyze Habib Ja'far's preaching messages containing national values on the Jeda Nulis YouTube channel. A qualitative-descriptive approach was used to analyze video recordings of Habib Ja'far's preaching. The research results show that the da'wah message conveyed by Habib Ja'far contains national values that are useful for contributing to nation and character building in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One alternative approach to facilitate the utilization of feed by tilapia is the addition of probiotics in feed. In this study, we compare the effects of commercial probiotic EM4 and homemade probiotics on tilapia growth. This research was conducted in PT. Sahaja Berkah Abadi at wonosalam, jawatimur, indonesia. The study was designed as a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 4 replications, encompassing control group (C), commercial probiotics (G1), and homemade probiotics (G2). The commercial probiotics (G1) contained Rhodopseudomonas sp., Lactobacillus sp., Streptomyces sp., and Actinomycetes sp. while the homemade probiotic (G2) contained starter bacteria Lactobacillus casei and herbal plant such as ginger, Curcuma, and turmeric. Parameters observed during the study included weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and survival rate (SR). The results revealed that both G1 and G2 performed better than the control group. The weight gain for the control, G1, and G2 groups were 2.38±0.03 g, 3.09± 0.01 g, and 3.13 ± 0.03 g, respectively. Similarly, the specific growth rates for the control, G1, and G2 groups were 4.25±0.03%, 5.52± 0.02%, and 5.59 ± 0.03%, respectively, while the survival rate remained at 100% across all groups. The water quality in all treatments during maintenance met the standard requirements for tilapia, with temperatures ranging from 25.5 to 26.7 °C and pH levels between 6.7 and 6.9. These findings suggest that the probiotics incorporated in G2 present a costeffective alternative to those in G1, offering a promising option for tilapia cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traffic accidents are the eighth leading cause of death worldwide, and each year, Indonesia reports an increasing number of such incidents. Human error, specifically risky driving behaviour such as distraction, is the primary contributors to the accidents. A thorough understanding of the contributing factors to traffic accidents is crucial to enhancing road safety initiatives. Therefore, this study aimed to design a model to assess the effect of road distraction, driving behaviour, and perception of risk on self-reported crashes by private car drivers in Jakarta, Indonesia, as well as formulate strategies to improve safety. This study used a diverse group of 142 drivers from Jakarta as respondents, utilizing a combination of quantitative methods, such as Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) and Pearson's Chi-square tests, complemented by questionnaire instruments such as the Driving behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ), Road Distractions Scale (RDS), and Risk Perception and Regulation Scale (RPRS). The results showed that driver distractions significantly increase the possibility of lapses, while errors, violations, and risk perception significantly affect the incident of traffic incidents. Furthermore, chisquare analysis showed that men are more likely to commit violations and are more distracted by attractive roadside objects compared to women, who reported a higher incidence of lapses and greater disturbance from weather conditions. This study offered strategic recommendations with the potential to lower accident rates and improve driving safety overall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A massive demonstration called "Aksi Bela Islam" (Action to Defend Islam) marks a continuity of the Islamic movement in post-New Order Indonesia. Many observers called it "Islamic populism", a populist response, from the cross-class alliance on behalf of "ummah", towards capitalist development that has been conceived to marginalize Muslim people in the struggle for access to economic and political resources. Despite this proposition, however, many studies still concentrated on the state (instead of capital itself) and the inner urban areas in explaining the development of Islamic populism. On the other hand, empirical facts show that the mass of Action to Defend Islam involves a lot of social segments from the countryside. Agrarian changes in the countryside played an important role in this development. The important role of agrarian change has even given Islamic populism in rural areas its own "characteristic" which therefore must be investigated specifically. This article tries to draw out the study of Islamic populism from the urban "frenzy" for a moment to look at developments at another important locus, namely the countryside. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the adat customary law concerning land disputes, tenure, and tanah ulayat or customary lands in Indonesia. Topics explored include the creation of the adat law by traditional communities in the country, the management of land disputes between legal entities and individuals, and the difference between land tenure policies in the Indonesian provinces of Riau and West Sumatra.

<b>Background and Objective:</b> The <i>Helarctos malayanus</i> is the sole bear species-living in Indonesia (Sumatra and Borneo). The available biological data for sun bears (<i>H. malayanus</i>) in Sumatra is limited, especially for morphological and genetic data. A morphological approach is difficult to do. Therefore, a molecular approach is the most likely choice. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out on <i>H. malayanus</i> in Central Sumatra (Dharmasraya, South Solok and Riau) using the Cytochrome B gene. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Blood samples from three individuals of <i>H. malayanus</i> were obtained at the Sumatran Tiger Rehabilitation Center, Dharmasraya. Three <i>H. malayanus</i> Central Sumatra sequences and 62 GenBank sequences were used in the analysis. The DNA sequences were analyzed using the DNA Star, AliView, Bioedit, DNA SP, haplotype network, IQ Tree and MEGA software. <b>Results:</b> Forty-one haplotypes were identified in 65 sequences, with 17 haplotypes belonging to <i>H. malayanus</i>. Haplotype network analysis divides <i>H. malayanus</i> into Haplogroup I (Sundaland) and Haplogroup II (Mainland). All individuals of <i>H. malayanus</i> in Central Sumatra have the same haplotype as Peninsular Malaysia sequence. The sun bear (<i>H. malayanus</i>) has a monophyletic relationship with other bear species. The <i>H. malayanus</i> has a higher genetic distance between the two lineages (1.0-2.3%) than the genetic distance within the subpopulations of each lineage. <b>Conclusion:</b> The study results supported sun bear (<i>H. malayanus</i>) divided into two different lineages: Mainland (subcluster 1) and Sundaland (subcluster 2 and 3). The geographic isolation causes the absence of gene flow, which results in high genetic distance between sun bears (<i>H. malayanus</i>) in Sundaland and Mainland lineages.

<b>Background and Objective:</b> <i> Clarias batrachus</i> is native to Asia, Sumatra was one of the islands that were divided due to the division of Sundaland because of a transgression event. The Bukit Barisan Mountains divide Sumatra into two parts: West and East. Therefore, it is important to research <i>C. batrachus</i> phylogeography. One of the mtDNA genes that can be used for phylogeographic is the CO1 gene. This study examined the association between geographic isolation in Sumatra's Eastern and Western watersheds and the phylogenetic relationships between <i>C. batrachus</i> populations in Sumatra and other Southeast Asia using the CO1 gene. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> <i>Clarias batrachus</i> samples were collected from five populations 7 (Mungo River, Sinamar River, Agam River, Anai River and Lubuak Paraku River) from West Sumatra. The method of this research used the molecular method. The DNA isolation based on the COI gene follows the Invitrogen PureLink<sup>TM</sup> Genomic DNA Mini Kit protocol. Haplotype network using software Popart v.1.7 and molecular evolution analysis using software MEGA. <b>Results:</b> Based on a total of 28 sequences (including comparisons and outgroups) with 504 base pairs of the CO1 gene from <i>C. batrachus</i>, three haplogroups and 19 haplotypes were identified using the haplotype analysis. Speciation events between haplogroup 1 estimates are 0.41 Mya haplogroup 2 estimates are 0.50 Mya. <b>Conclusion:</b> The separation of Sundaland and the separation in Sumatra's Eastern and Western watersheds affects the kinship relationship of these populations with variations in subspecies level.