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Aim: This study evaluates the prevalence, risk factors, and quality of life of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) in the Indonesian population., Method: A cross-sectional study of 3597 adults (≥ 18 years old) was conducted in 2023 involving 15 different cities in Indonesia. Knee OA was classified according to the clinical ACR criteria. The COPCORD questionnaire was used for all subjects. The quality of life (QoL) was assessed using the WOMAC score., Results: The prevalence of knee OA was 15.0%. Banda Aceh has the highest prevalence of knee OA at 70.79%, whereas Bandung has the lowest (4.18%)-the odds of having knee OA increased with age. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) were 5.01 (95% CI 2.47-10.15, p < 0.001) for participants aged 40-49 years and 72.19 (95% CI 36.32-143.51, p < 0.001) for participants aged 70 years or over, compared to participants under 40 years. Knee OA was higher among female participants (aOR = 1.91; 95% CI 1.53-2.39, p < 0.001). Married and divorced participants had higher odds of having knee OA compared to those who never married (aORs 2.56 (95% CI 1.37-4.77, p = 0.003) and 2.40 (95% CI 1.23-4.68, p < 0.010), respectively). Knee OA is less likely found among participants with elementary school education background (aOR 0.37; 95% CI 0.22-0.64, p < 0.001) and those with senior high school (aOR 0.49; 95% CI 0.29-0.83, p = 0.007). The total WOMAC score was 25.9 ± 18.7 from all participants, indicating moderate impairment in QoL., Conclusion: The prevalence of knee OA in several urban districts in Indonesia was 15.0%, with most patients having moderate impairment in QoL. Several sociodemographic factors were associated with the odds of having knee OA., (© 2025 Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)

The Sangiran dome is the primary stratigraphic window for the Plio-Pleistocene deposits of the Solo basin of Central Jawa. The dome has yielded nearly 80 Homo erectus fossils, around 50 of which have known findspots. With a hornblende (40)Ar/(39)Ar plateau age of 1.66 +/- 0.04 mega-annum (Ma) reportedly associated with two fossils [Swisher, C.C., III, Curtis, G. H., Jacob, T., Getty, A. G., Suprijo, A. & Widiasmoro (1994) Science 263, 1118-1121), the dome offers evidence that early Homo dispersed to East Asia during the earliest Pleistocene. Unfortunately, the hornblende pumice was sampled at Jokotingkir Hill, a central locality with complex lithostratigraphic deformation and dubious specimen provenance. To address the antiquity of Sangiran H. erectus more systematically, we investigate the sedimentary framework and hornblende (40)Ar/(39)Ar age for volcanic deposits in the southeast quadrant of the dome. In this sector, Bapang (Kabuh) sediments have their largest exposure, least deformation, and most complete tephrostratigraphy. At five locations, we identify a sequence of sedimentary cycles in which H. erectus fossils are associated with epiclastic pumice. From sampled pumice, eight hornblende separates produced (40)Ar/(39)Ar plateau ages ranging from 1.51 +/- 0.08 Ma at the Bapang/Sangiran Formation contact, to 1.02 +/- 0.06 Ma, at a point above the hominin-bearing sequence. The chronological sequence of (40)Ar/(39)Ar ages follows stratigraphic order across the southeast quadrant. An intermediate level yielding four nearly complete crania has an age of about 1.25 Ma.