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Understanding pore pressure characteristics in carbonate reservoirs is essential, because it concerns all aspects of subsurface, drilling, and occupational safety, as well as the environment in oil and gas exploration and exploitation. In this study, the pore pressure regime and connectivity of the carbonate reservoir (compartmentalization) of Kujung and Ngimbang Formations in the northern Madura Platform of East Java Basin are characterized by utilizing direct pressure data and wireline logs from five wells. The result shows that both hydrostatic and slight overpressure conditions are found in these formations, further indicating the presence of carbonate compartmentalization. The magnitudes of overpressure, however, are mostly very low, with an average of ~37 psi. Four compartmentalized carbonates are identified based on the presence of different pressure gradients in the water leg. The slight overpressure in the carbonates is likely owing to pressure transference from overpressured shale at depth. In addition, by using acoustic impedance from seismic, the depositional environments of the carbonates are interpreted as lagoon and tidal flat. These environments support the occurrence of patch reef carbonate buildups in the Kujung and Ngimbang Formations, which later become a good environment for overpressure generation and carbonate reservoir compartmentalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work environment of office workers has hazards. One of the hazards is nonergonomic conditions. Nonergonomic conditions increase musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) risk and interfere with work productivity. This research describes ergonomic risk levels and muscle complaints in office workers while working with computers. The population of this research was 32 office workers in one of Surabaya city government offices. Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) method to measure ergonomic risk and Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaires (CMDQ) method to measure muscle complaints. Most workers have a high risk of experiencing MSDs. Workers experience muscle complaints in the neck, right shoulder, left shoulder, upper back, and lower back. Intervention is needed in work facilities and office ergonomics socialization to workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to develop a workplace design framework suitable for manufacturing SMEs in developing countries, particularly in Indonesia, as a guide for manufacturing SME managers. Design/methodology/approach: The development of workplace design framework in this study was initiated by reviewing the literature on the methodology or framework of workplace design in the manufacturing industry. The methodology or framework of workplace design was then analysed and evaluated based on the characteristics of SMEs to determine the possibility of its implementation in Indonesian manufacturing SMEs. Based on the analysis and evaluation results, a workplace design framework then proposed to assist SME managers in designing their workplaces. Findings: Two of the five workplace design frameworks introduced by previous researchers have many conformities with the characteristics of manufacturing SMEs in Indonesia and can be implemented with minor adjustments. Finally, a workplace design framework has been developt and proposed to assist managers of manufacturing SMEs in Indonesia in designing their workplaces. Research limitations/implications: This study offers a workplace design framework that can be applied by managers of manufacturing SMEs in designing their workplaces to obtain a safe, healthy and productive workplace. Originality/value: This study is the first in developing a workplace design framework for manufacturing SMEs in developing countries, particularly Indonesia. The results of this study will be able to assist manufacturing SME managers in designing their workplaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Batik, a resist-dyeing technique to decorate a special cotton fabric, has been practiced for centuries in Indonesia. Unfortunately, as an informal enterprise, batik industry activities lack work safety and health regulations. This study aimed to identify potential health hazards, including inventorying the chemicals to which the workers are exposed, the PPE profile, and investigating the prevalence of occupational skin diseases (OSD) in the batik industry. A cross-sectional study and an inventory of exposure to the chemicals were done in traditional batik workplaces in 5 districts in Yogyakarta province, Indonesia. The chemicals were classified as potential sensitizers/irritants, and the workers were examined and interviewed using the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire-2002/LONG. Of 222 traditional batik workers, OSD were diagnosed in 61 (27.5%) workers, with occupational contact dermatitis was the most common OSD encountered (n = 23/61; 37.7%) (allergic contact dermatitis n = 7/23; irritant contact dermatitis n = 16/23). A smaller portion of other OSD was also encountered including callus, miliaria, and nail disorder (9%, 6.3%, and 5.9%, respectively). During each step of the traditional batik manufacturing process, the workers are exposed to substances that act as irritants and/or as potential contact allergens. However, only one-fourth of the workers used PPE regularly, particularly during the coloring process and wax removal (wet processes). Traditional batik manufacturing process exposes the worker to various physical and chemical hazards, resulting in a high prevalence of occupational skin diseases, especially contact dermatitis among the employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of the occupational safety and health principles in work activities is expected to reduce the occurrence of work-related accidents. This research was conducted in the Emergency Department of a tertiary hospital of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, in 2019 and aimed to determine the influence of safety communications and safety promotion policies on the safety performance among nurses. This research was a quantitative research with a cross-sectional design study. The population in this study were 208 emergency room nurses at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital with a total sample of 68 people using a simple random sampling technique. The results showed that the correlation between safety communications variable with safety performance had a p-value of 0.035 (<0.05) and the correlation between safety promotion policies variable with safety performance had a p-value of 0.319 (>0.05), indicating that there was an influence of safety communications on safety performance, while there was no influence of safety promotion policies on safety performance among nurses in the Emergency Department of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of safety leadership for effective management of safety behavior has been acknowledged by many researches. However, its development in construction industry is lagging compared to other industry, especially in Indonesia. This research empirically evaluates the impact of contractors' safety leadership on construction workers' safety behavior. It explores three dimensions of safety leadership variable and two dimensions of safety behavior variable, and then examines the relationship between the two variables. Data was gathered through questionnaire survey to eighty-four workers from five on-going construction projects in Surabaya, Indonesia. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine two models of the impact of safety leadership on safety behavior. The findings suggest that safety concern and safety motivation positively impact safety compliance and safety participation, whilst safety policy only have a significant positive impact on safety participation. The paper discusses these findings and their implications for shaping workers' safety behavior in construction projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Voluntary supply chain regulation has proliferated in recent decades in response to concerns about the social and environmental impacts of global production and trade. Yet the capacity of supply chain regulation to influence production practices on the ground has been persistently questioned. Through empirical analysis of transnational regulatory interventions in the Indonesian tin sector—centered on a multi-stakeholder Tin Working Group established by prominent global electronics brands—this paper explores the challenges and limits of voluntary supply chain governance as it interacts with an entrenched 'extractive settlement' in Indonesia's major tin producing islands of Bangka and Belitung. Although the Tin Working Group has introduced localized initiatives to tackle issues such as worker safety and improved land rehabilitation, it has also contributed in diffuse and largely unintended ways to consolidating the power of political and economic elites who benefit from centralized control over resource extraction. In this sense, supply chain governance has generated 'hidden costs' through unintended effects on power struggles between competing social groups at national and sub-national levels—generating marginal benefits for ameliorating specific regulatory 'problems', while consolidating and reproducing barriers to deeper transitions towards inclusive or sustainable regimes of extractive governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Solvent Retention Capacity (SRC) method has been widely used in evaluating soft wheat quality elsewhere but not in Australia. This paper studies the potential of applying SRC to predict the Australian soft wheat quality in sugar snap cookies, which the Indonesian mills value. The cost-effective hybrid SRC method improves efficiency and repeatability in general by replacing the manual shaking mechanism with a programable multitube vortex shaker. The hybrid SRC method helps to reduce work health and safety risks by eliminating manual tube shaking steps. The collaborative laboratory study is conducted with two Indonesian mills and compared against SRC measured by the hybrid and automatic SRC methods. All SRC values measured using the hybrid SRC method are significantly correlated with those measured with manual and automatic SRC methods: SRC water (r = 0.8–1.0, p < 0.0001); sucrose (r = 0.9, p < 0.0001); sodium carbonate (r = 0.9, p < 0.0001); and lactic acid (r = 0.7–0.8, p < 0.01). Among the four SRC solvents, considering the SRC water is highly effective in discriminating hard and soft wheat, the high correlations between different laboratories, the relatively smaller standard deviation across laboratories and storage time and temperature at 22 °C and the significant correlation with cookie spread, it could be the best predictor of Australian soft wheat quality. Overall, the hybrid SRC method could be helpful in the Australian soft wheat breeding program, especially in the early-stage selection of soft wheat cultivars. The cookie spread negatively correlates with Rapid Viscosity Analyser peak viscosity (r = −0.8, p < 0.01), suggesting Australian soft wheat targets a lower pasting property for a better cookie performance. The SRC values of flour samples from four different soft wheat cultivars are affected by storage temperature at 22 °C and 32 °C over 12 months with inconsistent trends. The flour samples stored at various temperatures across 0, 1, 3, 6 and 12 moths, particularly those kept at a higher temperature, have more variability in their SRC values and higher uncertainty, which must be accounted for when comparing results between different laboratories. A standard SRC range will be established in collaboration with the Indonesian mills to categorise the Australian soft wheat quality suitable for the Indonesian market. [Display omitted] • Hybrid Solvent Retention Capacity (SRC) improves test efficiency and repeatability. • Hybrid SRC is cost-effective and improves health and safety measures. • SRC is useful in determining the Australian soft wheat quality in cookies. • Hybrid SRC could be used for early screening soft wheat lines suited for Indonesia. • SRC values of soft wheat are affected by storage temperature and duration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Why you should read this article: • To recognise the severity of workplace violence towards emergency department (ED) nurses • To be aware of the findings of exploratory research that examined experiences of ED nurses in Indonesia of workplace violence • To identify strategies to reduce and prevent workplace violence in the ED Background: Workplace violence in hospitals is common and underreported. It has adverse effects professionally and personally for victims, and can have a negative effect on the quality of patient care. Aim: To explore Indonesian emergency department (ED) nurses' experiences of workplace violence. Method: This exploratory qualitative study used five sessions of focus group discussion. The participants were recruited from a referral hospital in a regional area of East Java province, Indonesia, using purposive sampling. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Findings: A total of 13 ED nurses participated. Four themes and three sub-themes were identified: (1) Disrupting the rule; (2) Feeling unsafe; (3) Governing the case with the sub-themes mitigating violence, improving reporting flow and receiving follow-up; and (4) Keeping for myself. Conclusion: Managing workplace violence is crucial for the provision of high-quality nursing care in the ED. Hospital management's commitment to zero tolerance of violence is an important statement of support for nurses. Zero tolerance could be shown by improving safety in the ED, simplifying reporting systems and educating and training staff in responding to incidents, and de-escalation techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Noncompliance with personal protective equipment (PPE) in industrial workers results in increased injury or illness and is commonly reported worldwide. Numerous guidelines and management policies are employed to prevent work-related health hazards, yet industrial workers still exhibit low rates of PPE compliance, especially in outsourced workers. Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a holistic-comprehensive assessment framework model summarizing the key factors in achieving the stated goals of interventions targeting PPE compliance in Indonesian cement workers. Settings and Design: An analytic observational study was conducted among 183 Indonesian cement workers from a simple random sampling technique. Methods and Material: A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate factors influencing PPE compliance among cement workers as well as management policies in place. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24. Results were tabulated using frequency distribution and mean with a standard deviation. The logistic regression model was developed to identify the factors that affect PPE compliance. Results: The highest rate of compliance was 43.7%, a still low figure. Using correlation coefficients and logistic regression, both the behavior of the workers and the existing management policies were found to be significant contributing factors (P < 0.05). Punitive management policies were also found to be a determining factor (OR 5.22; 95% CI 1.01–1.07). Conclusions: Management policy, specifical punishment for noncompliance, was shown to be the strongest influence on PPE compliance in Indonesian cement workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The palm oil industry is the largest contributor to global production of oils and fats. Indonesia and Malaysia are the largest producers of palm oil. More than a million workers are employed in this industry, yet there is a lack of information on their occupational health and safety. Objective: To identify and summarize occupational hazards among oil palm plantation workers. Methods: A search was carried out in June 2018 in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Ovid. Relevant publications were identified by a systematic search of four databases and relevant journals. Publications were included if they examined occupational hazards in oil palm plantation workers. Results: 941 publications were identified; of these, 25 studies were found eligible to be included in the final review. Of the 25 studies examined, 19 were conducted in Malaysia, 2 in Costa Rica, and one each in Ghana, Indonesia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, and Cameroon. Oil palm plantation workers were found to be at risk of musculoskeletal conditions, injuries, psychosocial disorders, and infectious diseases such as malaria and leptospirosis. In addition, they have potential exposure to paraquat and other pesticides. Conclusion: In light of the potential of palm oil for use as a biofuel, this is an industry with strong growth potential. The workers are exposed to various occupational hazards. Further research and interventions are necessary to improve the working conditions of this already vast and growing workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agriculture is one of the most crucial and hazardous sectors in both the developing and the developed countries. The agriculture area has a various problem related to safety and health, calling an urgent research to solve the problem. The purpose of this study is to apply ergonomics checkpoint in agriculture (developed by ILO) in Indonesian as well as to observe the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among Indonesian farmers. Two hundreds fifty one Indonesian farmers participate voluntarily in this study. "Ergonomic checkpoint in agriculture" as a tool to reduce agriculture-related accident and increase productivity is assessed by student researcher. Prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) is assessed using Nordic body map that is filling out by participants. Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), and postural analysis using three dimensions Static Prediction Program (3D SSPP) are applied to observe the risk activities of Indonesian farmers including the manual hoe for land clearing, grass cutting for land clearing, planting the rice, manual plow, giving fertilizer, harvesting, threshing, cleaning the rice from the straw, and sun-drying of rice. According to ergonomics checkpoints, material handling and storage are the worst in Indonesian agriculture, coupled with minimum safety information, toilet and washing facilities, and first aid. The highrisk activities are manual hoe for land clearing, manual plow, grass cutting for land clearing and threshing. The reported MSS mainly found in the shoulder and lower back. In conclusion, Indonesian agriculture is in a poor ergonomics condition and is associated with high musculoskeletal symptoms. The postural analysis also reveals a high risk of farmer activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is present the result aimed to develop of mines safety management properly in Indonesian mining throughly characterise risks associated with mine accidents in Indonesian mining, especially in coal mining. The risk assessments are based on data obtained from the Directorate General of Mineral and Coal reports, which mines accidents that occurred from 2003 upto 2010. The paper focus on 2009 involved 44 fatality and 2010 included 94 serious mines accident and 15 fatality. The process or procedure of risk assessments in the mine accidents are involvd hazards identification, risk analysis, and risk evaluation (process of evaluating the risk to determine if it can be tolerated or accepted). Risk levels are then developed using a pre-established risk matrix that ranks them according to probability and severity (e.g. high risk, low risk, or risk tolerable or acceptable). The resulting assigned risk value can be used to prioritise risk control strategies to achieve goals. The analysis of mine accidents were used 13 groups of criteria from coal mining industry only. The hazards and risks are improperly managed in the coal mining operations will impact to occupational health and safety directly or indirectly to the company (e.g. workers, process). Regarding to International Lost Control Institute (ILCI) model (Bird & German, 1985) the immediate cause of accidents are composed of unsafe acts and unsafe conditions in the workplace or in mine sites. The human failure is a significant point to address of mine accidents in the workplace, such as not follow the working instruction or procedure properly, working violence, lack of knowledge and skill, lack of coordination, and unwear personal protective equipment (PPE) as required. Increasing of Indonesian coal production on year to year will influence toward company image and performance achievement without occupational or mine accidents. Mining accidents are preventable with a good condition and practice of safety in mining (e.g. PDCA model, STOP model), and can let to economic and social benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of occupational health and safety in hospital needs serious management. Until this time many rules of occupational health and safety are not developed for manpower in hospital. In Surabaya, nosocomial infection on health care provider was 73,3% which is the first rank in Indonesia. The objective of this research was to find out the relationship between knowledge of sanitation and hygiene, attitude of occupational health and safety, behavior of occupational health and safety, and nosocomial infection risk in the cleaning service workers of Dr. Soetomo Hospital in Surabaya. The research was an analytic survey that used cross sectional design. This was conducted in Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. The research subjects were cleaning service workers of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. The instrument was questioner on the knowledge of sanitation and hygiene, attitude of occupational health and safety, and practice of occupational health and safety, as well as questioner that consisted of open questions regarding the disease history of respondents who worked as cleaning service workers in Dr. Soetomo Hospital during in the past 2 months (July - August 2007). The data was analyzed using SPS-2005 with partial correlation analysis module. The result of data analysis showed that the lower the attitudes, behaviors and actions on K3, the higher the risk of nosocomial infection, and that relationship is strong, while the lack of knowledge about hygiene and sanitation do not increase the risk of nosocomial infection. Effective contribution to nosocomial infection is the greatest act of K3, then K3 followed attitudes, and effective contribution of the smallest is the knowledge of sanitation and hygiene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthcare workers have emerged as a vulnerable population group during COVID-19, and securing supply chains of personal protective equipment (PPE) has been identified as a critical issue to protect healthcare workers and to prevent health system overwhelm. While securing PPE is a complex logistical challenge facing many countries, it is vital to recognise the social and health systems issues that structure the differential degrees of risk faced by various subgroups of healthcare workers. As an illustrative case study, the author identifies two key social factors that are likely to face the degrees of risk faced by midwives in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, if and when COVID-19 takes hold in Indonesia. Healthcare workers in both high and low resource-settings globally are likely to face particular risks and vulnerabilities that are shaped by localized social and health systems factors. Qualitative social and health systems research can and should be utilized proactively in order to protect healthcare workers, to inform more equitable program design, and to create a foundation for health equity within the future of global health that emerges from the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]