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Intrapreneurship skill has considered as the alternative learning outcomes of entrepreneurship education. However, entrepreneurship teachers need a complex learning program to develop intrapreneurship among business students. At the same time, The Ministry of Education and Culture of The Republic of Indonesia recommends university teachers implement case methods to deliver complex learning environments and build critical skills among students. Therefore, this study aims to i) examine the effect of micro small medium enterprise (MSME) cases on the intrapreneurship of business students, ii) investigate the influence of MSME cases on flow experience in entrepreneurship education and iii) investigate the effect of flow experience during entrepreneurship education on intrapreneurship skill. We used field experiments on entrepreneurship and digital business student in business development courses. The result indicates that the case method effectively developed student intrapreneurship skill and flow experience during the course positively impacting student intrapreneurship skill.

Purpose: This study aims to develop a teaching model of the Malay language for non-native and foreign speakers in schools. Implementing this model can assist educators in teaching the Malay language to students who do not use it as their first language in everyday use. Methodology: This study used a qualitative approach to develop teaching models for non-native and foreign Malay speakers. Interviews were conducted with 27 teachers and 23 stakeholders who are experts in teaching the Malay language, especially in teaching non-native speakers. A prototype model was developed thematically as a result of interviews using ATLAS.ti 22. Further, the prototype model was used by ten teachers from primary, secondary, and international schools in their teaching. Findings: This study has succeeded in developing a model for teaching the Malay language to non-native speakers and foreigners that includes five elements: teaching strategies, individual differences, input, social, and motivation. This model strongly emphasises instruction involving interaction, communication, and bilateral relations as a medium for students' language acquisition and meaningful input. Verbal interaction between teachers and students can stimulate and improve students' language skills in learning Malay. Significance: This model can help teachers teach the Malay language to non-native speakers and foreigners with a greater focus on achieving learning objectives. This model is expected to expand the usage, cultivate interest, and facilitate teaching the Malay language in educational institutions.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically changed educational practices due to the intense use of information technology for teaching and learning. That phenomenon presents challenges for lecturers in higher education establishments because student engagement is threatened during online interactions. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the SME project for maintaining student engagement during online learning. Design/methodology/approach: The research used a quasi-experimental method involving experimental and control groups. Researchers collect quantitative and qualitative data to obtain comprehensive information. The data were collected using an electronic questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, and open coding were used to analyze the data. Findings: The research used a quasi-experimental method involving experimental and control groups. Researchers collected quantitative and qualitative data using an electronic questionnaire to obtain comprehensive information. Descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, and open coding were used to analyze the data. Originality/value: This study provides the educational community with a new insight into optimizing PBL in the online learning environment. Qualified PBL, as practiced by educators, will lead to student engagement, which leads to meaningful learning.

Students' Arabic thesis writing comprises several grammatical errors of different types. This study aimed to find out: (1) errors in writing Arabic phrases on students of the Arabic Language Education Master's Program at universities of Indonesia, and (2) factors that caused these writing errors. This research sued a qualitative research design, with the library research approach and Error Analysis techniques. The primary data comprised errors in the application of Arabic phrases from 110 student theses at three universities from 2019 to 2021. The results of this study included: (1) students' Arabic theses writing errors can be classified in four phrases, namely: murakkab ismiy (nominal phrase) of 24%, murakkab fi'liy (verbal phrase) of 28%, tarkib i?afiy (Combination of Nouns) of 26%, tarkib wa?fiy (adjective phrase) of 22%; (2) two factors caused these errors, namely: (a) language input errors, inaccuracy, and translation from an electronic dictionary without correction; (b) error caused by not heeding grammar rules, not practicing nahwu correctly, and not studying seriously the Arabic grammar. The study recommends that students should revalidate their writings and avoid copy-paste writing techniques, and lecturers should check students' writing according to grammar, especially phrases by reviewing seriously.

Aim/Purpose: This study aims to analyze (1) the effect of organizational support on Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), (2) the effect of organizational support and TPACK on teacher performance, (3) the effect of organizational support and TPACK on technostress, and (4) the effect of technostress on teacher performance. Background: The disruption of Information Technology (IT) innovation in educational practice happened two decades ago. However, the more massive and intense IT integration in teaching and learning practice was demanded during the COVID-19 pandemic. These circumstances made teachers and students face a new teaching and learning environment with complete IT mediation. Therefore, they will show a unique response valuable for managing effective education and further research regarding teaching and learning in the online environment. Methodology: Using a purposive sampling technique, data was collected from 419 pre-service teachers in the economics and business field. The data was then tabulated and analyzed using PLS-SEM. Contribution: This study connects the concept of TPACK as knowledge to organizational support and technostress as the organizational and personal response to deal with massive IT integration in fully online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study bridges the educational concept of teacher competence to the behavioral framework of IS users to deal with the online environment. Teaching and learning are tasks that engage human-to-human interaction, which is different from other productive activities like the business sector. Therefore, this study may give fruitful findings, both theoretically and practically, to improve educational practice in this digital age. Findings: Researchers found that organizational support and TPACK were valuable antecedents of teacher performance in an online environment. At the same time, technostress is not a critical threat to teacher performance. However, technostress exists among teachers and is uncontrollable by TPACK and organizational support. Researchers argue it is an unavoidable circumstance. The educational system demands a rapid shift to fully online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the teacher should accept the challenge to maintain the continuity of teaching and learning activities. Recommendations for Practitioners: (1) Teachers' knowledge and organizational support should become an essential concern for policy makers and school leaders to maintain teacher performance in this dynamic online environment. (2) The educational leader should develop a strategy to manage technostress among teachers from another aspect beyond TPACK and organizational support. (3) Policymakers should develop a strategy to compensate for teacher effort and sacrifices resulting from IT disruption in their working experience. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers should confirm and refine the framework developed in the private sector to the educational sector to generate more theoretical and empirical understanding regarding the functional integration of IT devices on certain entities' productive tasks. Impact on Society: This study gives more understanding of how teachers respond to IT-integrated tasks in their academic activity. This discussion will give more wisdom to understand the threshold of IT usefulness in the educational field besides giving preference to managing it to maintain teachers' work quality. Future Research: Further research is required to identify the critical factors to manage teachers' technostress effectively. A qualitative research method may be helpful in exploring teachers' complex responses regarding IT-integrated tasks.

Nowadays, entrepreneurship is a subject that attracts attention for all majors in higher education. However, the determination of learning outcomes in entrepreneurship education is still debatable, especially in non-entrepreneurship majors. This study aims to (1) examine the role of attitude toward entrepreneurship, which is proxied by the entrepreneurial mindset, towards intrapreneurship belief among business students and (2) measure how motivation affecting the attitude toward entrepreneurship among business students. Researchers collecting the data using surveys among business students at the State University of Medan. The survey was conducted using an electronic questionnaire designed with a 7-Likert scale. The distribution of the questionnaires was carried out using the snowball technique in student study groups. With the simple random sampling technique, the researcher collected 205 data, which further analyzed using variance-based SEM. The results indicate that the cognitive component was a key instrument in forming intrapreneurship belief among students. Meanwhile, motivation is a determining factor that shapes attitude toward entrepreneurship. This study recommends a meaningful learning process that shapes entrepreneurial cognition. This is because learners are now instilling entrepreneurship in themselves, no longer through their beliefs of experience and family background, but through the skills, they have learned and explained rationally.

Previous research reports that foreign language anxiety (FLA) is one of the affective factors exerting influence on foreign language learning. Myriad studies have examined how foreign language learners cope with foreign language anxiety. However, few studies have addressed the particular moments when students feel the most anxious and how they cope with this anxiety. The present study aims to (1) identify specific moments when students feel the most anxious; (2) investigate their coping strategies; and (3) recognize the changes in the strategies used by the students during specific moments in their language learning. In so doing, a stimulated recall was carried out among five university students from non-English departments who had to conduct presentations in English. The findings show that they displayed different levels of anxiety, which resulted in several accidents during the presentation. The participants with a high anxiety level tended to utilize monotonous coping strategies. This study implies that teachers need to take into account their students' anxiety levels before they commence a new term or semester. When encountering highly anxious students, they can introduce the learners to alternative strategies to cope with anxiety.

Digital health literacy is expected to help individuals deal with information necessary during the pandemic. This research aimed to assess digital health literacy and identify its associated factors among the general population in Indonesia. A cross-sectional online survey was used to elicit responses from the general population (aged =18 years) in Indonesia from 31 March 2022 to 7 April 2022. Along with sociodemographic characteristics, the 8-subscales scores on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) from the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) were employed to assess Digital Health Literacy (DHL) scores. Linear regression was used to test the correlation between factors. A total of 460 respondents participated in the research. The findings show that most respondents know how to find helpful health resources on the Internet (4.13±0.56), how to use the Internet to answer health questions (3.75±0.87), what kinds of health resources are available on the Internet (3.78±0.86), and how to use the health information on the Internet to help themselves (3.67±0.78). Digital literacy is significantly associated with age, education, occupation, family income, experience of having a chronic disease, use of prescribed medicine, and intensity of internet use (p=<0.05). The finding indicates that DHL in the general population in Indonesia is still limited in technical ability. Improving respondents' educational status through computer training, smartphone access, and perceived usefulness is necessary to improve digital health literacy skills in evaluating the quality of information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: COVID-19 is one of the most devastating pandemics of the 21st century. Vaccination is one of the most effective prevention methods in combating COVID-19, and one type of vaccine being developed was the protein subunit recombinant vaccine. We evaluated the efficacy of the CoV2-IB 0322 vaccine in Depok, Indonesia. Methods: This study aimed to assess the humoral and cellular immune response of the CoV2-IB 0322 vaccine compared to an active control vaccine (COVOVAX™ Vaccine). A total of 120 subjects were enrolled and randomized into two groups, with 60 subjects in each group. Participants received either two doses of the CoV2-IB 0322 vaccine or two doses of the control vaccine with a 28-day interval between doses. Safety assessments were conducted through onsite monitoring and participant-reported adverse events. Immunogenicity was evaluated by measuring IgG anti-RBD SARS-CoV-2 and IgG-neutralizing antibodies. Cellular immunity was assessed by specific T-cell responses. Whole blood samples were collected at baseline, 14 days, 6 months, and 12 months after the second dose for cellular immunity evaluation. Results: Both vaccines showed high seropositive rates, with neutralizing antibody and IgG titers peaking 14 days after the second dose and declining by 12 months. The seroconversion rate of anti-S IgG was 100% in both groups, but the rate of neutralizing antibody seroconversion was lower in the CoV2-IB 0322 vaccine group at 14 days after the second dose (p = 0.004). The CoV2-IB 0322 vaccine showed higher IgG GMT levels 6 and 12 months after the second dose (p < 0.001 and p = 0.01). T-cell responses, evaluated by IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-4 production by CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, showed similar results without significant differences between both groups, except for %IL-2/CD4+ cells 6 months after the second dose (p = 0.038). Conclusion: Both vaccines showed comparable B- and T-cell immunological response that diminish over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the influence of the hotel industry workplace environment and the moderating effect of Millennial culture on graduates' career commitment. The study population was among the hospitality graduates working at five-star hotels in Indonesia. The graduate's responses were tapped using a quantitative approach. The proposed model is analyzed through the Partial-least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) assessment. The study findings revealed that the Millennial hospitality graduates' commitment to a career in the hotel industry is strongly related to the working hours, working environment, and salary. However, career advancement opportunities are insignificant predictors of career commitment. Interestingly, the Millennial culture is manifestly found as an insignificant moderating factor in explaining the relationship between Millennial graduates' perception of the hotel industry workplace environment and their career commitment. These findings advance the understanding of how modern graduates' perception of the hotel industry's hallmark workplace environment can influence their career commitment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. In the development of positive law today, especially after the reform in Indonesia, there are several laws that the author considers to have developed, especially in terms of child protection law, in addition to those that have existed previously in the Criminal Code and Criminal Procedure Code both material and formal. Purpose. The blurring of the form of the rule of law caused by the lack of strengthening of the legal system implemented by the Indonesian state is one of the reasons for the many reasons for the need to establish an Indonesian Legal System. Method. The transition to democracy as one of the triggers for changes in the national legal system inevitably demands changes to the national legal system in a better direction in an effort to establish a national legal system that is in accordance with the ideals of the Indonesian state. Results. The development of national legal systems should remain long-term oriented in their application. Thoughts about the development of national law in the future have certainly been thought of from an early age in order to set the direction of national law development. Conclusion. The development of Indonesian national law which is currently strongly influenced by external elements as much as possible to maintain material legal sources from Indonesian laws. The development of national law that emphasizes the spirit of Indonesia and the taste of Indonesia can only be done by consensus from all elements of the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is a densely populated country where most people use motorcycles for mobility. With increasing carbon emissions, Indonesia plans to migrate conventional motorcycles toward electric ones by 2040. However, the adoption process of electric motorcycles is relatively slow, considering that the number of electric motorcycles is still far from the government's target. This study aims to investigate what factors influence the adoption process of electric motorcycles in Indonesia. Based on 906 samples, an analysis was conducted using a hybrid choice model on willingness to pay more, which considered three components: socio-demographics, Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and travel behavior patterns. The results showed that all three components significantly affect the willingness to pay more. Individuals who are older, highly educated, high-income, use public or environmentally friendly transportation, and have a low frequency of mobility for work purposes are more likely to purchase an electric motorcycle. The results of this study provide a new perspective in the unique context of electric motorcycle adoption in Indonesia and conditions that still need improvement when related to the government's long-term targets. This research will be helpful for governments and manufacturers by providing the characteristics of people who are more likely to purchase an electric motorcycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advertisement does not only promote products but also conveys a message behind the promotion. One of the current trending concepts is femvertising. The initial purpose of femvertising is to fill the concept of advertising that uses pro-female talent, words, and images to empower women and girls. As a result, advertising has attracted more consumers and evolved into a movement aimed at selling more items to women rather than a genuine subversion and changing gender stereotypes. Lux is also one of the brands indicated to use the advertising concept, as in its advertisement "LUX Berani Cantik 30" (LUX Dare to be Beautiful 30). Following the advertising concept, this research explores how LUX represents feminist elements in its advertisement using the Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis (MCDA) theory by Machin and Mayr (2012) and a descriptive qualitative approach. The findings demonstrate that lexical and visual multi modal aspects indicate the interrelation of meaning between interconnected aspects. The resulting meaning in Lux ads reflects the interpretation of feminine women who dare to express their beauty in front of the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept and practice of leadership is continuously evolving. In public administration literature, collaborative leadership is a serious discussion and collaborative leadership is encouraged to be applied at all levels of leadership including the leadership of the Regional Head. Waste management as a very serious public problem is a challenge to modern civilisation and Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest populations in the world, producing more than 19 million tons of waste in 2022, while Watampone is one of the cities in Indonesia that certainly contributes to the waste pile. As a developing city, preventive measures must be taken before following in the footsteps of big cities that are dealing with waste problems because there is no inherent prevention. Therefore, its leadership model can be a key factor. In these terms, it is important to study waste management policy using a collaborative leadership approach. This study aims to look at the characteristics of collaborative leadership in waste management. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods and data collection techniques in interviews with relevant stakeholder leaders as informants combined with documentation studies. The results show that the collaborative leadership model in waste management has a positive impact; this is because the involvement of multiple parties helps manage waste problems and share roles. The characteristics of collaborative leadership expressed by Wilson as a reference in this study show that waste management must involve many parties with the characteristics of awareness of functions, division of authority, cooperation for a common vision, and mutual trust by all operators involved. As a suggestion, waste management using a collaborative leadership approach should be conducted by clearly mapping the roles of all stakeholders involved. Another aspect that supports and strengthens waste management collaboration in Watampone City is the culture of gotong royong (mutual aid) that has been rooted in the lives of the people of Watampone City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The historical remnants of the former Cililin Radio Transmitter area comprise the Cililin Radio Transmitter Building and the remnants of the Transformer Building, which served as tangible artifacts from the Dutch colonial era when it functioned as a radio transmission station. These remnants hold profound historical and archaeological significance, representing a bygone communication technology era. Cililin Radio Transmitter Building is interwoven with pivotal historical events, including the sovereignty transfer from the Netherlands to Indonesia in the Cililin region, and marks the inception of SMA N 1 Cililin (State Senior High School 1 Cililin). These structures' condition and surroundings were neglected, rendering them susceptible to deterioration. This led to the restoration and revitalization of this area to safeguard its historical value and make it accessible to the community. This design research aims to revitalize the former area. Cililin Radio Transmitter is a community center, where the process begins with studies related to revitalization to obtain design parameters that can be applied to the case. Therefore, this research and design will transform the former Cililin Radio Transmitter Area into a vibrant community center. A creative metaphorical approach was employed, which ensured the preservation of the buildings, amplification of the historical essence of the site, and the provision of community-oriented facilities. A qualitative method was used to analyze the objects through field surveys connected with literature related to revitalization and metaphorical architecture. The results showed that the adaptation and addition of new functions to the study objects rejuvenated the environment and accommodated the community's social activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magma evolution of Ngebel Volcano, both temporally and spatially, is represented by the characteristics of its lava. Ngebel Volcano, located in East Java, is a Quaternary andesitic stratovolcano. This volcano is part of the Wilis Volcanic Complex. The volcanism stage of Ngebel Volcanic Complex can be divided into the Jeding with andesitic basalt (SiO2 49 - 59%), pyroxene andesite Kemlandingan (SiO2 49 - 59%), Manyutan with hornblende andesite (SiO2 49 - 59%), and Ngebel with dacite (SiO2: 49 - 59%). The variation of major elements combined with petrographic features such as plagioclase, pyroxene, hornblende, quartz, and opaque minerals from basaltic andesite to dacite is interesting. The minerals show that the magma differentiation process of Ngebel Volcanic Complex is the results of fractional crystallization of magma. The purpose of this study is to determine the evolution of magma from volcanic rocks of which stratigraphic positions have been determined. The analytical methodology used is petrographic and geochemical analysis. Detailed temporal evolution shows that magma from the Ngebel Volcanic Complex underwent a differentiation process that changed the magma composition from mafic to more felsic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 pandemic affected many aspects in global life, the one of aspect is e-commerce. The COVID-19 pandemic changes the general society into having a more consumptive behavior. This research is conducted to identify whether there is a difference in mean/average sales between the period before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper used T-Test Paired Samples to analyze the difference of behavior's customer of some e-commerce in Indonesia. Biplot analysis is also used to give visualization of the behavior's change caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Six variables are used in this paper and purposive sampling is selected to get a sample size. We use 63 respondents are eligible to fulfill the questionnaire. The T-Test paired samples resulted that there is a difference in mean sales for the service or online products, food and beverages, electronics, and cosmetics and skincare. Those aspects are evidence that COVID-19 pandemic could change the customer behavior in E-Commerce. We also illustrate the change of customer behavior through biplot [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the outbreak of the COVID-19 delta variant occurred in June 2021, there was a marked increase in Indonesia's number of self-isolated patients. The Universitas Indonesia Hospital provided a One-Stop Service (OSS) to monitor COVID-19 patients on self-isolation. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the self-isolation monitoring performed by hospitals and the factors that determined the outcomes of patients on self-isolation. This study was conducted using a cross-sectional method based on secondary data from electronic medical records. Data analysis was performed by determining the relationship of patient risk factors and characteristics with COVID-19 outcomes. The study found that poorer symptoms, administration of antibiotics, absence of shortness of breath, and normal ALT levels significantly improved the outcome of OSS patients. The study also suggested that during monitoring of patients on COVID-19 self-isolation, chest/thorax radiography is necessary. The self-isolation monitoring program is essential to observe the patient's condition and evaluate the possibility of deteriorating conditions that could lead to admission decisions in the early or middle stages of the program. This will be beneficial during pandemic emergencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facing the rising cases of with higher fatalities COVID-19, some countries decided to give the third dose of vaccine as a booster. As of 9 January 2022, 90.31% of health workers in Indonesia have received the third dose vaccine. This study aims to provide an evaluation of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) in a single center in Indonesia to form a basis for ensuring safety for booster administration nationally. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey. Demographic data, AEFI complaints, and factors influencing AEFIs were evaluated. In this study, there were a total of 311 subjects were gathered. The most common AEFI symptoms found at onset <24 h to 28 days were pain at the injection site, fever, shoulder pain, and headache. Most of the AEFI severity of <24 h to 28 days post-vaccination was grade 1 (reduced or uninterrupted daily activities). There was a significant correlation between AEFI and several factors, such as the history of drug allergy, exercise after vaccination, age, BMI < 25, history of symptoms after the first and second vaccinations, and history of COVID-19. There was no anaphylactic reaction in this study. Several AEFI should be considered for the third dose of COVID-19 vaccine administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immunotherapy is the latest approach that could offer potential treatments to help fight the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This approach can be achieved by several strategies, including dendritic cell-based vaccine therapy. The method of using dendritic cells aims to build a person's immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 virus (the virus that causes COVID-19). In theory, this vaccine works by taking dendritic cells from a person. These cells are then introduced to the antigen of the SARS-COV-2 virus in the laboratory, then injected back into the body in the hope that the dendritic cells that have recognized the virus will trigger an immune response. Several clinical trials are being conducted using the dendritic cell-based vaccine therapy, one of the vaccine candidates known to use a dendritic cell platform developed in Indonesia. The WHO-registered dendritic cell-based COVID-19 vaccine from Indonesia was carried out by AIVITA Biomedical, the Health Research and Development Agency, and the Indonesian Ministry of Health. This article discussed how approved vaccines can trigger innate immunity to enhance long-lasting immunological memory and consider future implications for protecting populations with this vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) has a large number of nutrients, which are useful for human health. In Indonesia, water stress is one of the climate changes that affect the growth and quality of strawberry. Therefore, fast recovery can be crucial to adjusting crops to water stress. Additional fertilizers can alleviate the negative impact of water stress. The experiment was carried out to determine the best fertilizer sources for the growth, leaf gas exchange, and nutrient uptake of strawberry under water-stressed conditions in April 2019–August 2019. The experiment was arranged in a factorial randomized completely block design (RCBD) with three replications and four fertilizer sources (P1 = without fertilizer, P2 = 92:90:90 kg/ha Nitrogen:Phosphorus:Potassium (NPK) fertilizer, P3 = 20 kg/ha goat dung fertilizer, P4 = 46:45:45 kg/ha NPK fertilizer + 10 kg/ha goat dung fertilizer) and water stress levels (W1 = daily irrigation 100% field capacity (FC); W2 = 2 days irrigation interval (II) 75% FC; W3 = 6 II 75% FC). It was observed that the interaction of different water stress and fertilizer sources had a significant effect on all parameters except in the total sugar of strawberry fruits. The results indicate that plant growth, leaf gas exchange and nutrient uptake decreased under water stress conditions whereas total proline, total sugar, and water use efficiency (WUE) enhanced. The maximum value of plant height, leaves number, shoot-root fresh weight, shoot-root dry weight, photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, nitrogen content and phosphorus content were obtained from the application of 46:45:45 kg/ha NPK fertilizer + 10 kg/ha goat dung fertilizer at 2 days II 75% FC. Application of NPK and goat dung fertilizers increased the growth and leaf gas exchange under water stress conditions. Plants that were not fertilized had the lowest growth compared to those with fertilizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines episodes of capital bonanzas and sudden stops in Indonesia by utilising binary response models and several episode-identification approaches. Our identification suggests that whenever bonanza episodes occurred, capital sudden stop episodes followed in a more extended period. The estimations demonstrate that domestic factors are relatively dominant in determining the capital bonanzas, and the federal funds rate has a more significant impact on inducing the probability of capital sudden stops in Indonesia. We also found that Turkey and South Africa are the most contagious economies for Indonesia. This paper proposes some policy reforms to enhance the stability of capital inflows in Indonesia, including financial regulation and public finance policies such as a reverse Tobin tax and market-driven public debt rules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the relationship between facial physiognomy, body shape, and visualization of animated film character designs. Characterization in an animated film is inseparable from the characters who are placed to fulfill the film's role. In the creation of physiognomy and body shapes can be combined as an approach to design. The characters are modified through simplifications in the form of cartoons. This is done so that the visualization of the character gets closer to the role added, in addition to emphasizing the characteristics of one character to another. Even in animated films, characters become important elements to direct the understanding of stories. The approach used is interdisciplinary, given that in characters there is a merging of visual elements that need to be approached using different theories. The combination of theories used is personality theory through somatotype to find characters through body shapes, physiognomy from Ar-Razi and ming xiang to obtain character traits and the theory of simplifying shapes into cartoons. The result is a match between the characters played by the three reference elements. The interesting thing that was found was the application of different physiognomy between one character and another to reinforce the characteristics. So that in the film, these figures can represent roles, which are human presentations in real life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The numbers of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Indonesia especially in Jakarta as the epicenter continue to rise. Limited published clinical data, scarcity and long turn over time of diagnostic testing put clinician in dilemma to make diagnosis. Methodology: This is an observational case series study from confirmed COVID-19 patient in our hospital from first case admission on 17 March 30 April, 2020. We collected patient's demography, symptoms, comorbidities, therapy, laboratory, chest x-ray and ECG consecutively. Results: Between 17 March 2020 and 30 April 2020, there were 30 confirmed COVID-19 cases, 16 (53.3%) were male. Clinical symptoms were dyspnea in 22 (73.3%) and dry cough 16 (53.3%). Comorbidities were diabetes in 14 (46.6%), hypertension 10 (33.3%) and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in 10 (33.3%) patients respectively. Laboratory findings showed lymphopenia in 21 (70%) patients, increased inflammation marker in Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) 21 (70%), 23 (76.6%) and 12 (40%) patients respectively. Twenty-seven (90%) cases had abnormal Chest X-Ray (CXR) and mostly severe 18 (60%). Descriptive finding for images included consolidation 16 (53.3%) and Ground Glass Opacities (GGO) in 10 (33.3%) patients. Conclusions: Based on our findings, most cases of COVID-19 admitted in secondary referral hospital were already in moderate to severe stages. This is most likely due to late referral from primary care and unspecific clinical features resemblance of other infectious diseases. Inflammation marker and CXR are cost effective findings and can be used as marker to determine further referral. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The global spread of English has become a widely felt phenomenon, arousing different perceptions and attitudes among those who encounter it. The dominant use of English in virtual spaces has led to the emergence of "English 2.0," which has been perceived as a new concept of learning English involving networked learning and the use of digital technologies. This study explores Indonesian university students" and faculty members" attitudes towards the use of English in both face-to-face and virtual contexts. Adopting a mixed methods approach, it involved two hundred and fifty-one respondents through which questionnaires were distributed and completed. Responses to Likert-scale items were analysed using a paired-samples t-test of SPSS, while open-ended responses were used to yield a more in-depth analysis. The results show that there were mixed attitudes towards English among the respondents. This study suggests that while virtual domains can provide a space for learning and practicing English, a beneficial utilisation of the language ultimately depends on how English language learning is planned and designed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health is the most important aspect of the human being life. A good health will affect other aspects, one of which will affect the economic aspect of the income earned by individuals. The purpose of this research is to know the correlation between the health condition and income of society in Prambanan Sub-district. This research uses quantitative descriptive research, with the research variables such as health data and income data. The sample in this study amounted to 2,235 respondents from 16 Villages in Prambanan Subdistrict, Klaten. The Data Collection Method used in this research are an interview, observation, and questionnaire with the data analysis technique is a quantitative descriptive analysis which is nonstatistical analysis with a frequency table. The results show that there is not a significant correlation between health and income. Pereng Village has an average of "High" income with the population average monthly income> Rp. 1.500.000,00 of 52.04% but has a health condition in the "Medium" level. RandusariVillage has a health condition in the "Medium" level whereas Randusari Village has average "Low" income with a population withanaverage income per month

The overgeneration of non-biodegradable waste in Indonesia requires empty lands for landfilling, which contravenes with the landscape of sustainable cities. As local landfills have become overburdened, the solid waste is disposed of in uncontrolled manners that seriously affect public health and the environment. To address this problem, Indonesian gradually moves towards digitalization for waste recycling. To reflect its novelty, this work investigates how to add economic value to recycled waste using digital technology and how economic incentives can be promoted to avoid generating waste. The roles and implications of digitalization on resource recovery are elaborated from Cleaner Production perspectives. As a driving force of social innovation, it was found that the digital transformation of waste industry encouraged community in Yogyakarta to sell waste online via Rapel app installed in their smartphones. On average, customers sell their waste nearly 15 kg per transaction and earn USD 0.1/kg as a point balance. When their waste ranges from 15 to 20 kg, the sellers get USD 1.4. Recovering polyethylene (PET) bottles via a mixed-recyclables could yield about USD 150–300/Mt, while a bottle-only collection ranges from USD 360 to 590/Mt. As the implications of this study, digitalization has created new jobs (780 waste collectors) in Yogyakarta (@20 persons/subdistrict). Digitalization in waste management also promotes waste avoidance up to 65%. Potential monthly turnover from the waste recycling's transaction through the app is about USD 2,000/waste bank. Overall, the findings imply that the digital transformation in the waste sector not only promotes the resource recovery of non-biodegradable waste for a circular economy, but also enables local community to do online transactions of recycled goods through mobile-based applications. By moving towards digitalization, it is projected that the country's waste recycling industry would create over 120,000 new jobs and absorb about 3.3 million informal workers such as waste collectors. [Display omitted] • Digitalization enables industry to recover valuable materials in waste streams. • When their waste ranges from 15 to 20 kg, sellers get USD 1.4. • Digitalization of non-biodegradable waste promoted waste avoidance up to 65%. • Potential monthly turnover in the online platform was about US$ 2,000/waste bank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aging population is recognized by many as a unique global phenomenon and has become a subject of interest among multidisciplinary professionals. Perhaps one of the most common key concerns among individuals and family members in many countries today is to meet the increasing demand for elderly healthcare, particularly the real challenges and crisis in old age morbidity and health. As the socioeconomic, demographic and cultural context of populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2020, an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases and nearly 10 million cancer deaths have occurred worldwide, with colorectal cancer ranking as the third most frequently diagnosed (10.0%). Several attempts have been conducted against cancer, including surgery, radiation, monoclonal antibodies, and chemotherapy. Many people choose natural products as alternatives against cancer. These products will not only help in human life preservation but also work as a source of up-to-date information, leading people away from incorrect information. We discuss the current status, distribution, and future implications of protecting populations with natural products as an alternative against colorectal cancer in Indonesia. Thirty-eight studies were included in this review for data extraction. The distribution of natural products in Indonesia that have potential activity against colorectal cancer cells was predominated by terpenoids, followed by phytosterols, phenolics, alkaloids, and polyisoprenoids. The type of cell line utilized in the cytotoxic activity analysis of natural products was the WiDr cell line, followed by HT-29 cells and HCT-116 cells. This review showed that MTT in vitro assay is a general method used to analyze the cytotoxic activity of a natural product against colorectal cancer cells, followed by other in vitro and in vivo methods. The systematic review provided predictions for several secondary metabolites to be utilized as an alternative treatment against colorectal cancer in Indonesia. It also might be a candidate for a future co-chemotherapy agent in safety, quality, and standardization. In addition, computational methods are being developed to predict the drug-likeness of compounds, thus, drug discovery is already on the road towards electronic research and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Development of green ceramic hollow fiber membrane from palm oil fuel ash (POFA). • Detailed investigation on the POFA powder properties with pre-treatment temperature. • Carbon removal through pre-treatment for enhanced hollow fiber membrane properties. • Improvement of membrane oil/water separation efficiency from 33.1 to 88.9%. Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) is one of the most abundant industrial wastes in palm oil producing countries like Indonesia and Malaysia. Due to its unique characteristics such as high silica and hydroxyl group contents, it has high potential to be used as the main material for the fabrication of low cost and green ceramic hollow fiber membrane. This work investigated the effect of pre-treatment temperature of POFA towards the properties of the derived ceramic hollow fiber membranes. The properties of POFA such as morphology, mineralogical and chemical composition, thermal behavior, surface and pore properties were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), carbon element analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and nitrogen (N 2) sorption technique. Effect of POFA pre-treatment temperature on the membrane properties were evaluated and characterized in terms of morphology, bending strength, pore size distribution, porosity and pure water flux (PWF). Finally, the separation performance of the membranes was also investigated using oil/water emulsion filtration tests. The results showed that the membrane properties were significantly improved for the membranes derived from pre-treated POFA compared to the untreated one. The highest bending strength of ∼60 MPa was achieved for TP700 membrane which was pre-treated at 700 °C. However, the PWF decreased from 219.2 to 28.4 L/m2 h for untreated POFA (UP) derived and TP700 membranes, respectively. Besides, an enhanced oil/water separation performance was obtained for membranes fabricated from pre-treated POFA with the highest oil rejection of 88.9%. These results showed that POFA derived ceramic hollow fiber membrane could provide the basis for the development of low cost and green ceramic hollow fiber membranes from waste ash for separation applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This scholarly investigation explores the Malaysian golfers' experience in Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia golf courses. The study sheds light on the unique attributes of golf tourism in each country, including the courses, facilities, services and overall golfing experiences offered to golf tourists. Design/methodology/approach: Qualitative data were procured through in-depth semi-structured interviews with a cohort of 13 Malaysian golfers. Findings: The findings indicate that golfers' experiences are affected by the quality of service, facilities, price and course condition, ultimately contributing to their satisfaction level. The evidence suggests that Malaysian golfers are comparatively more satisfied with golf courses in Thailand and Indonesia than in Malaysia. Originality/value: The study underscores the importance of golf course attributes in retaining existing golfers and enticing new ones. Besides, as comparative research on golf course attributes and destination preferences is scant, this study has far-reaching implications, empowering Malaysian golf course managers to augment the appeal and quality of their golf course destination to optimise the behavioural intentions of golf tourists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The longevity of vaccine effectiveness and antibody titer after the Moderna mRNA COVID-19 vaccination booster in healthcare workers in Indonesia is not known. Materials and Methods. We performed a prospective observational study of healthcare workers at the Universitas Indonesia Hospital after Moderna mRNA COVID-19 booster vaccination. An Immunology Analyzer with Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA) test was used to examine Anti SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD levels. Antibody levels were classified into two systems (3 categories, and 2 categories). Results. There were 31 male subjects (75.6%), 33 subjects (80.5%) aged 25-39 years, 17 subjects (41.5%) with overweight BMI, 35 subjects (85.4%) without comorbidities, and 29 subjects without previous history of COVID-19 infection (70.7%) who had antibody titer >1000 AU/ml. There were 27 subjects (65.9%) who had a booster shot =6 months after the second vaccination with antibody titer >1000 AU/ml. In this study, there was no significant correlation between antibody titer with factors such as gender, age, BMI, comorbidities, history of COVID-19 infection and time between the 2nd vaccination and booster vaccination. Conclusion. There is no significant correlation between antibody titer with factors such as gender, age, BMI, comorbidities, history of COVID-19 infection and time between the 2nd vaccination and booster vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aims to explore the Indonesian tourists' demand for medical tourism services in Malaysia. The study also investigates the Indonesian medical tourists' profiles and their preference for Malaysia for medical treatment services. Methods: This study conducted interviews with 49 potential patients from Indonesia who received cardiac treatment at the National Heart Institute (IJN) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Results: The findings indicate that the key motives of Indonesian tourists travelling to Malaysia for medical treatment are their disappointment with medical practices and inadequate expertise in Indonesia. Besides, they are motivated by peer recommendations, medical expertise, transparency, administration and hospitality in Malaysia. The study findings show that Indonesian medical tourists can be acknowledged as an elite group with stable and above-average income. Conclusion: Results from the study enable medical tourism marketers to better target and segments their potential medical tourists and develop a strategic medical tourism marketing roadmap. This study shows that the high demand for medical tourism is related to Malaysia's availability of niche medical services. Besides, this paper expands the understanding of medical tourists' decision-making and argues its implications for Malaysian health policy and healthcare delivery for the medical tourism industry sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumers are recommended not to wash raw poultry before cooking since this practice increases risks of cross contamination with foodborne pathogens. However previous studies had identified that consumers were unaware of this incorrect behaviour. This study aims to assess consumers' self-reported and observed raw poultry washing practices in Southeast Asian (SEA) countries. A mixed method design was employed, with data collected via a cross-sectional survey across eight SEA countries, observational studies and semi-structured interviews conducted in Indonesia and Malaysia. Ninety-six percent (n = 2009) of surveyed participants reported that they washed raw poultry at home. Participants from Laos and Philippines, older, married and low-income participants reported washing raw poultry more frequently. The main reasons for washing raw poultry were to remove dirt, slime, blood or feathers and the act of washing makes them feel safer. Participants from Cambodia (OR = 2.855, p < 0.001), Indonesia (OR = 3.208, p < 0.001), Laos (OR = 3.012, p < 0.05), Malaysia (OR = 2.003, p < 0.05) and Thailand (OR = 2.148, p < 0.001) were 2.00–3.21 times more confident about not washing raw poultry upon understanding the rationale that washing does not reduce microbial load. Participants who purchased from supermarkets (OR = 1.785, p < 0.05) were significantly more confident about not washing raw poultry compared to other sources of raw poultry. Our observation study identified various cross contamination pathways including lack of hand hygiene practices, inadequate cleaning and sanitation procedures, and cross contamination of raw poultry and washed water to surrounding areas. Semi-structured interviews revealed that participants preferred to wash raw poultry due to the lack of cleanliness of raw poultry purchased from traditional markets and the act is ingrained in their cultural practice. Due to consumers' preference for freshly slaughtered poultry and perceived cleanliness of raw poultry purchased from traditional markets, hand hygiene practices during and after handling raw poultry and cleaning of kitchen sinks and surrounding areas with soap should be emphasised. Targeted food safety messages and educational campaigns suited to local cultural differences should be conducted. This study presents the first empirical findings on consumers' raw poultry washing practices in eight SEA countries. Practical implications and further recommendations are provided. • Most participants in Southeast Asian countries washed raw poultry before cooking. • Lack of cleanliness of raw poultry bought from traditional markets caused consumers to wash raw poultry. • Participants learnt the practice at home and the act is heavily entrenched in local cultures. • Observational study revealed multiple cross contamination pathways during raw poultry washing. • Hand hygiene practices during and after handling raw poultry should be emphasised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]