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The separation time of the umbilical cord was studied in 98 healthy Indonesian newborns with the aim of determining the normal time of separation and to evaluate factors which may influence it. The authors looked for a relationship between cord separation and sex, birthweight, gestational age, parity of the mother and nutrition of the newborn. Mean separation time was 10.9 days (S.D. 3: range 5-23 days). None of the factors analysed had a statistically significant influence. Cord care consisted of triple dye; no umbilical infections were found.

The length of the umbilical cord was studied in 179 Indonesian newborns to determine the normal range of cord length and its influence on the occurrence of intrapartum complications such as meconium stained amniotic fluid, asphyxia and entanglement of the cord around the fetus. The authors also attempted to investigate whether unfavourable intra uterine conditions could influence cord length. Therefore a correlation between cord length, sex, gestational age, birthweight and head-circumference was sought. The mean length of the umbilical cord was 52.2 cm., with a S.D. of 10.2 cm, ranging from 31-100 cm. Male infants had significantly longer umbilical cords than females (p = 0.02). The risk of complications increased parallel with cord length.