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Oral folklore tradition is a unique phenomenon in West Borneo. This study aims to gain the lecturer's perspectives and reflection toward its implementation as a project-based activity for encouraging university students to transform local folklore into texts in English. It combines Finnegan's instructional procedure, and Gordon's synectic model and the creative state, which has been defined as creative instruction. Multiple observations and an in-depth interview with the folklore lecturer were conducted for this qualitative investigation. The lecturer is recognized as being exceptionally representative of this study employing purposive sampling under lived experience study because of his proficiency and enthusiasm. Having this creative instruction under supervision makes it clear that there is more room for the student's imagination and creativity to grow throughout this project-based activity. It gives them freedom to freely pursue their interests. Without excluding the possibilities of use in areas where there is still local folklore, this creative instruction is specifically suited for regions that are still rich in oral tradition. Further research is essential, nevertheless, as this study does not go into great detail on the perspectives and involvement among various students, the diversity of cultures and geographies, or the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI).

The study aims to build a mini-theory based on the implementation toward off-label drug marketing. The data was collected by interviewing eight respondents with managerial and operational functions from five multinational pharmaceutical companies in Indonesia. A qualitative approach was used in this research by coding, making categories, defining concepts, and linking one concept to others for building propositions. This research creates a mini-theory from four propositions; new product development influences competitive advantage reinforced with opinion leaders as a moderator, market segmentation influences competitive advantage strengthened by off-label drug prescribing as a moderator, customer relationship influences competitive advantage reconciled by the value proposition and off-label prescribing, selling skills influence competitive advantage and reinforced by value propositions, opinion leaders, and off-label drug prescribing as moderators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine the role of mining business actors concerning community development in Indonesia from a regulatory perspective related to corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs. This research used qualitative methodologies using interviews and literature reviews were used. Mining companies share the common objective of profitability with other business sectors. However, CSR program within companies mandates that mining companies play a developmental role as community agents in the vicinity of their operations. In Indonesia, the national ideology of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, serves as the highest legal document, which firmly establishes that mining resources are under the control of the state. These resources are used to achieve social justice for all Indonesians through equitable development carried out by companies. This study explores CSR programs in the Indonesian mining sector by conducting a special role regulated by the ideology and constitution of the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a study conducted to empower cross-border communities in Indonesia and Timor-Leste by increasing their understanding and ability to determine appropriate and competitive selling prices based on production costs. The study found that participants' understanding and skills improved, and they were able to determine selling prices by calculating production costs. The research findings have the potential to contribute to the development of business environments and policies that facilitate and enhance cross-border trade. The article also highlights the conditions of poverty and lack of economic opportunities at the border, which lead people to engage in informal cross-border trading activities. To address this issue, community service activities have been conducted to educate border residents on determining the selling price of goods based on production costs. The training activities aim to increase understanding and financial literacy skills, ultimately contributing to the growth and sustainability of businesses in the border area. The article concludes by discussing the successful empowerment of border actors in the Wini and Nipane regions through improved financial literacy and selling price literacy. The involvement of participants, stakeholders, and local authorities from both Indonesia and Timor-Leste played a crucial role in this success. The training provided to informal business actors at the border helped them determine competitive and fair selling prices, leading to fair transactions and the sustainability of their businesses. This effort has contributed to the economic development and well-being of the border residents of both countries. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences is the property of University of Jordan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Covid-19 pandemic has occurred almost all over the world and has become a new problem for all mankind, as well as Indonesia has been affected from the Covid-19 pandemic. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on various sectors, especially on educational institutions. The Covid-19 pandemic situation puts a lot of pressure and new challenges in the world of education. This can cause instability for both employees from various aspects, one of which is the aspect of employee performance. Based on a number of literatures, work achievement is influenced by several other variables, namely; organizational culture, organizational learning and stress. This study uses a quantitative approach with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) - SmartPLS. The subjects in this study were all employees of PT. Kazeto Putra Perkasa with 101 employees. The sampling technique used in this study is a saturated sample, where the entire population is used as the research sample. The practical implication of this research is that it is known how important work achievement is as a key indicator of success for both employees of PT. Kazeto Putra Perkasa as well as for companies, the importance of understanding stress from concept to application is mainly related to how to manage stress, as well as the implementation of organizational culture and learning organizations as a concept that affects work achievement with stress as a mediator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to conceptualize a family business parenting approach called family-led learning to break the third-generational curse in family business. This means that family business can hardly surpass the third generation. Family enterprises is expected to represent approximately 40 percent of the world's largest corporations by 2025, but this will not come to realization if parenting approach is not learned by the leaders of the family and experienced by the next generations. In Indonesia, family business composes around 95 percent of all the businesses and contributes about 80 percent to the country's economy. Since it is crucial to sustain the family business in Indonesia, theorizing the parenting approach for succession is vital. Applying grounded theory, this inquiry constructed the "Parenting to Equip" category in Parenting–Harmonizing–Collaborating (PHC) theory by interviewing 28 participants from four family conglomerates that are public-listed companies and are planning beyond the third generation. Next, this study integrated the Community of Inquiry (CoI) theory to the "Parenting to Equip" component to create a deep and meaningful learning experience. This results in the Family-Led Learning in Family Business (FLL-FB) concept that enable effective parenting to equip the next generations. This novel insight denotes parents of family businesses must incorporate entrepreneurial training into their parenting practices through nonformal learning experiences in informal learning environments to equip the next generations become potential successors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to describe risk factors of severe hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in a tertiary care hospital in Indonesia. This study was a retrospective cohort study in the Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. All subjects more than 18 years old who had been visiting the clinic for at least a year were included. Subjects were interviewed whether they had any severe hypoglycemia events within the past year, while data on risk factor variables of severe hypoglycemia was taken from medical records one year before data collection. We recruited 291 subjects, among whom 25.4% suffered at least one episode of severe hypoglycemia within one year. History of severe hypoglycemia (OR 5.864, p ≤ 0.001), eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73m2 (OR 1.976, p = 0.028), and insulin use (OR 2.257, p = 0.021) were associated with increased risk of severe hypoglycemia. In conclusion, history of previous severe hypoglycemia, eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73m2, and insulin use were associated with severe hypoglycemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research discusses the inheritance system according to civil law in Indonesia. One of the cases that was the focus of the research was a dispute regarding the right to inherit a house in the Supreme Court decision Number 942/K/PDT/2022 involving Amin Sudartio and Fong A Foe alias Mrs. Mey. In this case, Amin Sudartio was initially recognized as the legal heir by the North Jakarta District Court, but the DKI Jakarta High Court declared Amin Sudartio's claim unclear and then the decision was annulled by the DKI Jakarta High Court. The Supreme Court also rejected Amin Sudartio's cassation request, resulting in the cancellation of the initial decision recognizing him as the legal heir. This research also discusses legal considerations and the implications of the court decision in this case. This research uses normative juridical methods and a statutory approach to discuss the inheritance rights of second wives according to the Civil Code. This study highlights the inheritance rights of second wives in second marriages and the inheritance rights of children or descendants. This research aims to determine the inheritance rights of the second wife according to the Civil Code and the extent of the rights obtained by the wife in the second marriage. In general, inheritance is a legal system that regulates the transfer of inherited assets from a deceased person to heirs or appointed people. The Civil Code differentiates between ab-intestato heirs and heirs, and determines who has the right to inherit according to law. Apart from that, this research also emphasizes the importance of inheritance law in providing legal certainty in resolving problems related to the transfer of assets after a person's death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pollination of oil palm by Elaeidobius kamerunicus leads to an increase of over 70% in countries such as India, Malaysia, and Indonesia. The impact of insect- microbiome interactions on the pollination activity and fitness of E. kamerunicus is unknown. Our study aimed to gain insight into the bacterial communities of E. kamerunicus from two different sites with high and low fruit set percentages, using culturable and Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. Our result revealed distinctive T-RFs profiles in E. kamerunicus from two different sites. Additionally, the culturable approach showed that some of this microbiome were found only in the weevil population from the high fruit set site. Our findings suggest that these bacteria could contribute to the fitness of E. kamerunicus, leading to a higher fruit set in oil palm plantations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The archipelagic country of Indonesia is populated by the densest marine biodiversity in the world which has created strong global interest and is valued by both Indigenous and European settlements for different purposes. Nearly 1000 chemicals have been extracted and identified. In this review, a systematic data curation was employed to collate bioprospecting related manuscripts providing a comprehensive directory based on publications from 1988 to 2022. Findings with significant pharmacological activities are further discussed through a scoping data collection. This review discusses macroorganisms (Sponges, Ascidian, Gorgonians, Algae, Mangrove) and microorganism (Bacteria and Fungi) and highlights significant discoveries, including a potent microtubule stabilizer laulimalide from Hyattella sp., a prospective doxorubicin complement papuamine alkaloid from Neopetrosia cf exigua, potent antiplasmodial manzamine A from Acanthostrongylophora ingens, the highly potent anti trypanosomal manadoperoxide B from Plakortis cfr. Simplex, mRNA translation disrupter hippuristanol from Briareum sp, and the anti-HIV-1 (+)-8-hydroxymanzamine A isolated from Acanthostrongylophora sp. Further, some potent antibacterial extracts were also found from a limited biomass of bacteria cultures. Although there are currently no examples of commercial drugs from the Indonesian marine environment, this review shows the molecular diversity present and with the known understudied biodiversity, reveals great promise for future studies and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim This study aimed to explore the factors contributing to mortality and its management among pediatric sepsis patients at a single center in Indonesia. Method We conducted a retrospective study of children admitted due to sepsis from January 2015 to December 2019 in an Indonesian tertiary hospital. Results The mortality rate of pediatric sepsis in our study was 76.1% among 176 records with outcome identified. Mortality was significantly associated with septic shock at triage, number of organ failure, intensive care unit admission, inotropic use, septic shock and severe sepsis during hospitalization. Timing of antibiotic use did not affect mortality. Death within the first 24 h occurred in 41.8% of subjects, mostly due to septic shock. Conclusion This study illuminates the current state of pediatric sepsis management in our Indonesian hospital, revealing it as inadequate. Findings highlight the need for improved pre-hospital systems and sepsis recognition tools, and wider use of mechanical ventilators and advanced monitoring due to limited pediatric intensive care unit beds. Future research should focus on hospital-specific sepsis protocols to reduce pediatric sepsis mortality rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Adequate sedation and analgesia are two crucial factors affecting recovery of intensive care patients. Improper use of sedation and analgesia in intensive care patients may adversely lead to brain oxygen desaturation. This study aims to determine cerebral oxygenation as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and inotropic interventions received among mechanically ventilated children in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methods: This study is a nested case − control study in the PICU of Indonesian tertiary hospital. Children aged 1 month to 17 years on mechanical ventilation and were given sedation and analgesia were included in the study. Subjects were divided into two groups according to the protocol of the main study (Clinical Trial ID NCT04788589). Cerebral oxygenation was measured by NIRS at five time points (before sedation, 5-min, 1, 6, and 12 h after sedation). Results: Thirty-nine of the 69 subjects were categorized into the protocol group and the rest were in the control group. A decrease of >20% NIRS values was found among subjects in the protocol group at 5-min (6.7%), 1-h (11.1%), 6-h (26.3%), and 12-h (23.8%) time-point. The mean NIRS value was lower and the inotropic intervention was more common in the control group (without protocol), although not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study found that mechanically ventilated children who received sedation and analgesia based on the protocol had a greater decrease of >20% NIRS values compared to the other group. The use of sedation and analgesia protocols must be applied in selected patients after careful consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agricultural industry is critical to human life, yet it is not comparable to small farmer’s income in Indonesia. The number of farmer households is decreasing, and the average age of farmers is increasing. The agricultural industry is no longer appealing to the younger generation due to a variety of issues experienced by Indonesian farmers. The majority of Indonesian farmers are small-scale, with little land and production. Farmers also face obstacles such as not having sufficient skills in agricultural business which results in low productivity and no added value to their production. This condition also causes them to have to deal with volatile prices from middlemen which are often not profitable for farmers. The Collective Marketing initiative was created to help agricultural enterprises become more lucrative by increasing the size of farmers' economies of scale, allowing them to enter a secure market with enough bargaining power. This study examines the economic and social impacts of Collective Marketing initiatives in Kopwan Srikandi, as well as in Koperasi Tani Kopi Prima Jaya and KTH Cibulao Hijau. This study also discusses the impact of the Collective Marketing initiative on sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia has a very abundant production of mangosteen, which places at the 14th largest mangosteen production in the world. High mangosteen production affects the amount of mangosteen peel waste. On the other hand, mangosteen peel has been identified as a rich source in health benefits and has proven to be antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and anti-carcinogenic. Traditionally, one of the conventional medicines used in wound dressings or infection medicine. It can be a possibility for patch wound healing development, especially for diabetic ulcers with an open wound, wetness, chronic infections, and high inflammation. This research aims to innovate wound dressings (patch) that contain active compounds from mangosteen peel as herbs with many active compounds to enhance the wound healing process with low toxic side effects. The patch developed from organic material from bacterial cellulose. The research was carried out with the initial process of making patches from bacterial cellulose (BC), then adding mangosteen peel extract as patch dressing with different concentrations (0%, 1%, 2%, 5%, and 10% v/v). Furthermore, the patch was applied to the injured Wistar rat, for 15 days. The wound area was measured using Image-J. The results of measuring the wound area showed significant wound improvement every day at each dose of the mangosteen patch compared with the control group. The optimum dose that appears to be different from the control is 10% v/v mangosteen peel extract which has been able to leave 3% of the wound area on the 15th day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Marketing of Scientific & Research Organizations / Marketing Instytucji Naukowych i Badawczych is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In maximizing some of the pillars / indicators that have become superior, Indonesia needs to implement a quality management standard system to ensure that some of the pillars / indicators that have become superior have been in accordance with the wishes and expectations to be able to compete with other countries. This research aims to find out the significant factors that affect the success of chemical manufacturing companies in implementing ISO 9001:2015 quality management systems and affect the success of chemical manufacturing companies in implementing ISO 9001:2015 quality management systems that impact customers which in this case is indicated by the company's performance. The population in this study was the company's employees in the Chemicals and Goods Industry of Chemicals which amounted to 15 companies with a total of 103 employees, with the number of samples based on proportionate stratified random sampling as many as 103 samples. The data analysis method uses the Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) and one of the Statistical Processing Control is a pareto diagram to be able to detect specific causes as early as possible. The results found that the implementation of the ISO 9001:2015 quality management system was found to have a positive and significant influence on customer impact and organizational performance. The results of variance accounted for (VAF) testing of the implementation of ISO 9001:2015 quality management system were found to have an indirect-only mediation effect on the relationship between external auditing, employee involvement, finance, infrastructure, motivation, team work, top management commitment, training and education, to impact to customer. The implementation of the ISO 9001:2015 quality management system mediates the relationship between external audits, team work positively and significantly on organizational performance. The implementation of ISO 9001:2015 quality management system was found to have an indirect-only mediation effect on the relationship between employee involvement, finance, infrastructure, motivation, top management commitment, and training and education to organizational performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia's natural puerulus resources position the country as a potential leader in lobster aquaculture. Over the last decade, frequent policy changes aimed at restricting exports have been enacted to encourage domestic aquaculture production; however, illegal trade has increased. This study explores Indonesia's puerulus governance, analysing the impact of export bans on illegal trade and resources management from 2015 to 2022. We examined the strategies employed by fishermen and other business groups in puerulus trading and smuggling, and their implications on the state revenue by combining court rulings and semi-structured interviews with fishermen and puerulus dealers. We found that the export ban policy has spurred (1) illegal trade, further straining the struggling fishers, (2) potential loss of government revenue from puerulus export, and (3) the stalled domestic aquaculture industry due to the absence of capacity building and enabling environments for domestic production to complement the export ban. Our results indicate that the weak legal enforcement may be the reason the export ban did not work and local aquaculture development has not progressed as expected. Future puerulus management policy underscores the needs for a balanced approach that combines liberal trade policies with strict law enforcement and monitoring, along with capacity building and institutional support for fishermen and the private sectors to develop local aquaculture and curb illegal trading. • Indonesian puerulus policies underwent five iterations between 2015 and 2022. • These policies aimed at preventing exports to develop domestic aquaculture. • The 2020 pro-export policies on puerulus effectively reduced smuggling incidents. • The export bans spurred illegal trading without increasing domestic production. • Weak enforcement hindered the export ban and the progress of domestic aquaculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Early identification of infection severity and organ dysfunction is crucial in improving outcomes for patients with sepsis. Objective: We aimed to develop an early marker that can early predict mortality in pediatric patients with septic shock. Method: Prospective observational study of 6 months -18 years pediatric patients with septic shock who were admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya. The measurement of interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels was carried out by Human IL-6 ELISA test on days 1, 2, and 3 after entering the PICU. The lactate levels and Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction (PELOD) 2 score were also used as predictors of mortality. Results: A total of 19 pediatric patients with septic shock were included in the inclusion criteria of this study. Subjects were divided into the survivor (n=9) and the non-survivor group (n=10). There was a significant difference in IL-6 levels between the survivor and non-survivor groups on day 1 (p<0.05). However, the levels of IL-6 on day 2 and day 3 did not show a significant difference as a predictor of mortality at the cut-off value of 593.34 pg/ml with a sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 100%. This study showed that IL-6 levels on day 1 had a positive correlation with mortality outcomes (p<0.05). The PELOD 2 score showed a significant difference, but the lactate levels did not show a significant difference between the survivor and nonsurvivor groups. Conclusions: IL-6 levels measured at admission can be used as an early marker for predicting first-day mortality in pediatric septic shock in the PICU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The archipelagic country of Indonesia is inhabited by 300 ethnic groups, including the indigenous people of Tengger. Based on the reported list of medicinal plants used by the Tengger community, we have reviewed each of them for their phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities. Out of a total of 41 medicinal plants used by the Tengerrese people, 33 species were studied for their phytochemical and pharmacological properties. More than 554 phytochemicals with diverse molecular structures belonging to different chemical classes including flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and volatiles were identified from these studied 34 medicinal plants. Many of these medicinal plants and their compounds have been tested for various pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, wound healing, headache, antimalarial and hypertension. Five popularly used medicinal plants by the healers were Garcinia mangostana, Apium graveolens, Cayratia clematidea, Drymocallis arguta and Elaeocarpus longifolius. Only A. graviolens were previously studied, with the outcomes supporting the pharmacological claims to treat hypertension. Few unexplored medicinal plants are Physalis lagascae, Piper amplum, Rosa tomentosa and Tagetes tenuifolia, and they present great potential for biodiscovery and drug lead identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a Kuyperian critique of ideological uniformity and political integralism in Europe and Indonesia. The background of Kuyper's articulation of the principle of sphere sovereignty was his struggle with the liberals, the French Revolution, and the German idea and application of state sovereignty. Kuyper struggled with the liberals because he rejected ideological uniformity. He struggled with the ideals of the French Revolution because he rejected popular sovereignty and, later on, political integralism. Kuyper's rejection of ideological uniformity and political integralism resulted in the articulation of the principle of sphere sovereignty. Such uniformity and integralism also characterized Suharto's leadership in twentieth-century Indonesia, especially his doctrine of Pancasila as the only basis for the state and civil society and his ideology of the integralist state of Indonesia. I criticize those doctrines from the perspective of Kuyper's principle of sphere sovereignty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Oral consumption of probiotics can alter Gut Microbiota by causing changes in the production of probiotic derivatives. Therefore, by utilizing Gut-Brain-Axis (GBA), probiotics could provide an opportunity for central nervous system (CNS) modulation, including cognitive function. Tempeh is a traditional Indonesian food rich in probiotics and beneficial for cognitive function. However, the type of probiotics that play a role in cognitive improvement and the number of probiotics needed for the benefits of increasing cognitive function was unknown. Method: This experimental study involved a total of 93 subjects, divided into 3 groups: A, B and C/control (n: 33, 32, and 28), who were provided with probiotic supplementation isolated from tempeh for 12 weeks intervention. Inclusion criteria were age > 60 years, and memory impairment with the third repetition value of Word List Memory Immediate Recall (WLMIR) < 7. Subjects with diabetes were excluded. Cognitive function examinations were carried out before and after treatment. The tempeh-derived probiotics were prepared trough several processes. Genomic isolation, detection of GABA-encoding genes, and species identification using the 16S-rRNA gene encoding were performed. Results: The probiotics isolate used in the intervention was identified as Limosilactobacillus fermentum. We assigned this isolate as L. fermentum A2.8. The presence of the gene encoding GABA was found on this isolate. There was an increase in the cognitive domains of memory, learning process, and verbal fluency (p < 0.05) in group A (probiotics at concentration of 108 CFU/mL). Memory function, visuospatial, and verbal fluency improved (p < 0.05) in group B (probiotics at concentration of 107 CFU/mL). Only an increase in the memory domain was observed in the control group. Improvement of the learning process occurred only in group A (p = 0.006). Conclusion: Administration of probiotics derived from L. fermentum A2.8 increased the cognitive domains of memory, language and visuospatial function. However, probiotic supplementation at a concentration of 108 CFU/mL was better in improving the learning process. This study succeeded in detecting Lactic Acid Bacterial isolates L. fermentum A2.8 that enclosed gene encoding glutamate decarboxylase (gad) which is involved in the synthesis of -aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter vital for cognitive function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endomycorrhizal fungi are spora-carrying organisms that can survive in heavy metalcontaminated environments. The goal of this study was to investigate endomycorrhizal fungi from heavy metal-affected areas and determine an effective mix of organic culture media to increase the number and diameter of endomycorrhizal spores. In Sorowako, Indonesia, endomycorrhizal fungi were isolated from the rhizosphere of: rice husk charcoal, sand, zeolite (KM1); rice husk charcoal, sand, sawdust (KM2); rice husk charcoal, sand, cocopeat (KM3); rice husk charcoal, sand, rice soil (KM4); rice husk charcoal, sand, cold magma (KM5); rice husk charcoal, sand, cold magma (KM6); and rice husk charcoal, sand (KM7). The results of the first phase of research revealed that three endomycorrhizal genera (44.44%-75.86% Acaulospora sp, 9.52%-44.44% Gigaspora sp, and 3.38%-19.05 % Glomus sp) can adapt to and resist conditions contaminated with Hg, Cd, Ni, Pb, As, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Co, and Sn, namely as a carrier medium. It was concluded that a combination of organic media was recommended, but that this must decompose first. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the pace of change within the public sector. In Indonesia, one of the most conspicuous transformations can be seen in the introduction of working from home (WFH) practices among public sector employees who are part of the State Civil Apparatus. Before the pandemic, WFH had been proposed as an alternative style of work for the public sector with stipulated requirements as a cue to join the global trend of implementing WFH for employees in the public sector. However, it was only through the pandemic that the vast realization of WFH was done thanks to the health risk factor and the availability of technology. In the absence of comprehensive and official formal evaluation, this paper made use of the findings from previous studies as the basis of evaluating the WFH policy among the State Civil Apparatus. A literature review was conducted and some general propositions regarding WFH policies in the future were developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between work performance and self-reported symptoms of depression, stress, and anxiety among nurses in tuberculosis (TB)/HIV and COVID-19 units on Timor Island, Indonesia. Methods: This research used a comparative, cross-sectional design. The data were collected between October 2020 and January 2021. The total population sampling technique was used. The study group comprised 236 nurses working in TB/HIV isolation rooms and 423 nurses in COVID-19 isolation rooms. The data were collected using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scale (DASS-42) and a work performance questionnaire. The instruments were administered online. The collected data were analyzed using independent t-testing to see differences in the performance of TB/HIV isolation unit nurses compared with that of COVID-19 isolation unit nurses, and the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to measure the strength and direction of the relationship between work performance and depression, stress, and anxiety. Results: The mean DASS-42 scores of nurses in the TB/HIV isolation units were low, indicating minimal effects. The mean score was 4.56 for depression, 4.44 for anxiety, and 5.63 for stress. The scores of those in the COVID-19 isolation units reflected moderate levels of depression, stress, and anxiety: the mean was 17.03 for depression, 11.23 for anxiety and 6.120 for stress. The work performance results indicated that the nurses in the TB/HIV isolation rooms, on average, had sufficient work performance, while those in the COVID-19 isolation rooms demonstrated weaker work performance. There was a significant difference in the work performance between nurses working in the 2 units (p value <0.05). Conclusion: The state of nurses' depression, stress, and anxiety was correlated with work performance in the TB/HIV and COVID-19 isolation units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Anemia remains a major public health problem worldwide. This study examined the relationship between anemia and the nutritional status of non-pregnant women aged 19–49 years in Indonesia. Methods and study design: The data were derived from the 2018 Basic Health Research Data of Indonesia. We used information from 11,471 non-pregnant women aged 19–49 years. The dependent variable was anemia (hemoglobin level <12 g/dL). The independent variable was women's nutritional status, a combined indicator of body mass index (BMI) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Our analysis controlled for women's age, education, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and the presence of communicable or non-communicable diseases. We performed logistic regression analyses. Results: The prevalence of anemia in non-pregnant women aged 19–49 years was 22.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.4–23.3). Women with overweight and obesity were less likely to develop anemia than those with a normal BMI, regardless of their MUAC score. The highest odds for developing anemia were observed in underweight women with low MUAC scores (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.83, 95%CI: 2.19–3.68). Higher odds ratios were also observed in women with insufficient physical activity, despite their sufficient consumption of fruits or vegetables (aOR = 1.87, 95%CI: 1.06–3.28). However, women who had been diagnosed with a non-communicable disease had a reduced likelihood of developing anemia (aOR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.67–0.83). Conclusions: Strengthening health promotion activities to improve nutritional status and healthy behaviors, particularly a healthy diet, remains important for women in Indonesia to reduce the prevalence of anemia and improve their overall health status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research contains a novelty in producing a study program brand audit method and developing a brand salience development model in higher education, which has not been widely discussed. A quantitative-explanative research method was used in this study by collecting online survey data on the potential market for the Statistics Study Program with a total of around 1000 people from all over Indonesia, which is related to the understanding, association, perception, experience, brand equity, and consumer brand salience towards the Statistics Study Program. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results obtained are the formulation of a brand audit model and a salience brand management model for the Universitas Terbuka Statistics Study Program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is an urgent need for novel drug leads, especially for microbial infections due to continuing emergence of drug resistance. Natural products are the backbone of modern medicine and the lichens have an important role to play in the discovery of novel drugs. Indonesia is gifted with a diverse array of lichens, which remain underexplored for medicinal applications. In this study, we have collected a lichen, Candelaria fibrosa, and conducted phytochemical and bioactivity studies. Using high performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we have isolated and characterised two depside compounds, atraric acid (7) and methyl 3-hydroxy orsellinate (8). These two depsides were reported from this lichen species for the first time. The evaluation of the crude methanol extract against Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, indicated insignificant activity. However, the isolated compounds have been previously reported to possess low antimicrobial activity against common pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) but to show significant anti-legionellosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to explore how accountability to members is practised within credit unions. In particular, this study examines formal and informal practices and underlying approaches regarding accountability to members. Design/methodology/approach: Adopting a case study approach, this study explores accountability within two credit unions in the lightly-regulated context of Indonesia through focus group discussions with credit union practitioners and documentary analysis. Findings: Findings reveal both credit unions prioritised accountability to members for financial and social performance, underpinned by a socialising, relational approach and driven by a strong sense of social mission. Various mechanisms were adopted to directly address accountability to and empowerment of members, facilitating their participation and education. Further, several mechanisms of and approaches to accountability to other stakeholders indirectly enhanced the credit unions' accountability to members. Research limitations/implications: This study highlights the interrelated nature of credit unions' accountability mechanisms to members. Further, empowerment through participation, education and small business development, suggests valuable investment in members' social, intellectual and financial capital. Originality/value: This study examines the socialising nature of accountability to credit union members and other stakeholders to support members' interests, providing insights into how third sector organisations more broadly might enhance accountability to those the organisation seeks to serve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to obtain knowledge of taxonomy about microorganisms habiting in Indonesian hot springs, the spring water samples from geothermal areas Kawah Domas and Gunung Pancar in western Java, Indonesia, were applied to enrichment cultivation and identification of microorganisms. Only archaea were detected in the enrichment cultures derived from Kawah Domas, and only bacteria were detected in the enrichment cultures derived from Gunung Pancar. Thermoacidophilic archaeon Metallosphaera sedula and Thermoplasma acidophilum were detected as described species from Kawah Domas. In addition, novel species of the genus Sulfurisphaera which was thermoacidophilic archaeon was detected. Moreover, Archaeal Richmond Mine Acidophilic Nanoorganisms (ARMAN) and Miscellaneous Crenarchaeota Group (MCG) which were uncultured archaeal group were detected in enrichment cultures. On the other hand, Thermus brockianus, Thermus arciformis, Sulfurihydrogenibium subterraneum, and Geobacillus icigianus were detected as described bacterial species from Gunung Pancar hot spring. Additionally, a novel specie of the genus Thermus was detected. As described above, the detected microorganisms include two archaeal species, which are difficult to culture and highly novel, as well as multiple new species, and reaffirm the value of Indonesian hot springs as a research field of microbial taxonomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psidium guajava was abundantly found in arid land of Timor and traditionally used for treatment against diarhea. Research had been performed to analyze the chemical profiles together with antibacterial and fruit flies attractant activity of the leaf essential oil from P. guajava. The powder of dried leaves was subjected to hydro-distillation using Clevenger apparatus to obtain essential oil with a yield of 0.5%. Analysis of GC-MS spectra revealed that limone and ß-caryophyllene were the main components of the essential oil. The essential oil showed strong antibacterial activity with the zone inhibition was observed at 16.3 for Staphyloccus aureus and 15.9 mm for Escherechia coli. On the other hand, no fruit flies were trapped during the field test in guava fruit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Leprosy is a stigmatizing, chronic infection which degenerates the nervous system and often leads to incapacitation. Multi-drug therapy which consists of dapsone, rifampicin and clofazimine has been effective to combat this disease. In Indonesia, especially in Papua Island, leprosy is still a problem. Furthermore, there had been higher reports of Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DHS) which also challenges leprosy elimination in certain aspects. Globally, DHS has a prevalence rate of 1.4% and a fatality rate up to 13%. The aim of this study is to validate HLA-B*13:01, a previously discovered biomarker for DHS in the Chinese population, as a biomarker for DHS in the Papua population.This is a case-control study of 34 leprosy patients who presented themselves with DHS (case subjects) and 52 leprosy patients without DHS (control subjects). Patients were recruited from 2 provinces: Papua and West Papua. DNA was extracted from 3 ml blood specimens. HLA-B alleles were typed using the gold-standard sequence based typing method. Results were then analysed using logistic regression and risk assessment was carried out. The results of HLA-typing showed that HLA-B*13:01 was the most significant allele associated with DHS, with odds ratio = 233.64 and P-value = 7.11×10−9, confirming the strong association of HLA-B*13:01 to DHS in the Papua population. The sensitivity of this biomarker is 91.2% and specificity is 96.2%, with an area under the curve of 0.95. HLA-B*13:01 is validated as a biomarker for DHS in leprosy patients in Papua, Indonesia, and can potentially be a good predictor of DHS to help prevent this condition in the future. Author summary: Leprosy as a chronic infectious disease that affects the skin and nervous system is treated with a treatment cocktail, including rifampicin, clofazimine and dapsone. Unfortunately, one of these drugs, namely dapsone, may cause the patient to exhibit adverse symptoms that appear as skin hypersensitivity and may potentially lead to death up to 9.9% of the time. In a previous study, it has been established that this adverse drug reaction, which is called dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS), is associated with an allele in the human leukocyte antigen, HLA-B*13:01. In the light of validating the association of HLA-B*13:01 with DHS in a leprosy endemic area like Indonesia, we conducted a study involving leprosy patients who had DHS during the course of their multi-drug treatment as well as leprosy patients who managed to complete their course of treatment without exhibiting DHS. The results of this study validated the association of HLA-B*13:01 and DHS at a very significant level of evidence and the odds of people carrying at least one allele is 233.3-times the risk of non-carriers. This allele was also able to predict a person at risk of DHS 95% of the time. Thus, screening of HLA-B*13:01 to prevent DHS is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In every disaster, problems of information and communication distribution always occur. The communication channel is very dependent on various supporting facilities. Electricity, transmitter towers, broadcasting stations, to human resources. In two big disasters in Indonesia in 2018: the Lombok earthquake; and the earthquake, tsunami and liquefaction in Palu, there were issues of the information and communication channels. Local people do not know the conditions that occur in their area and the situation of their families. While outsiders, the government, and rescue teams did not get detailed information from the affected areas. In countries with high intensity of natural disasters, emergency broadcasting policies have been long practiced. The simplest device for emergency broadcasting is radio. This kind of media can immediately air with simple facilities. Regardless, the initiative of emergency radio has not yet adopted into regulation in Indonesia. Therefore, the emergency radio initiator limited to a handful of organization like in Lombok earthquake. Conversely in Palu disaster, there was a Ministerial Decree of Information and Communication Ministry Number 773/2018 (KM 773), regulation that simplify access to radio frequency. Using comparative method, this research examined these two disasters to analyze the differences of emergency radio practices. Only 1.5 months away and similar location features, the emergency radios initiation differ in several aspects related subjects that regulated in this KM. The result shows that this KM can broaden all aspects of emergency broadcasting radio. Although, the KM unable to shorten the time of emergency radio implementation. Regulation change only limited to frequency access. A broader regulation change is needed to support the practice of emergency radio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cacao (Theobrama cacao) is one of the main plantation commodities in Indonesia which has an important role for the national economy. The low productivity of cacao plants in Indonesia is due to the condition of old plants, pests and diseases attacks which affect the quality of the fruit and decrease the plant's productivity. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify of endophytic bacteria from stem, flower, leaf and fruit of T. cacao by using 16S rRNA gene as genetic marker. Twenty seven endophytic bacterial isolates were collected from local plantation in Yogyakarta area. From this study, 8 endophytic bacterial strains exhibited the higher PGP traits. The isolates produced Indole Acetic Acid level by 0.3 to 5.21 ppm/hour. All of isolates had nitrogen fixation activity but have not phosphate solubilization activity. Among them, isolates CSDT 4 and CGKBH 4 showed promising potential as PGP bacteria. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences, those bacterial strains were identified as Brevibacillus brevis (CSDT 4) and Pantoea sp. (CGKBH 4). We propose that the B. brevis and Pantoea sp. which is reported for the first time for their PGP potential in cacao, exerts its beneficial effects on cacao crop through combined of activities. The potential PGP bacteria from the Cacao plant was used to make a specific biofertilizer formula for the Cacao plant, because of the different needs and condition that every plant requires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the relationship between Organizational Support Perceived and Psychological Capital on Subjective Welfare from employees of government organizations in Indonesia. 118 staff of the Directorate General of Taxes who participated in filling out the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Partial Least Square technique. The results showed that organizational support and work involvement were not proven to mediate the effect of organizational support on subjective well-being. Work engagement and career satisfaction are proven to mediate the influence of psychological capital. The practical implication proposed is the development of organizational capacity through psychological capital as the most dominant variable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus and the primary causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), first occurred in China and rapidly spread worldwide. The government of the Republic of Indonesia confirmed its first two cases of COVID-19 in March 2020. COVID-19 is a serious illness with no efficacious antiviral medication or approved vaccine currently available. Therefore, there is a need to investigate the genome of SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we characterized SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein genes from Indonesia to investigate their genetic composition and variability. Overall, ten SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein gene sequences retrieved from GenBank (National Center for Biotechnology Information, USA) and the GISAID EpiCoV database (Germany) were compared. We analyzed nucleotide variants and amino acid changes using Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) X and analyzed gene similarity using the LALIGN web server. Interestingly, we revealed several specific mutation sites, however, there were no significant changes in the genetic composition of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein genes, when compared to the Wuhan-Hu-1 isolate from China. However, this is a preliminary study and we recommend that molecular epidemiology and surveillance programs against COVID-19 in Indonesia be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify the role of left ventricular end-diastolic volume index as a predictor of fluid responsiveness in children. Design: This was a diagnostic study in children with shock in the Emergency Room and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from June to November 2018. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume index measurements were performed using ultrasonic cardiac output monitor and compared to the increase in stroke volume of ≥15% after fluid challenge as fluid responsiveness criteria. Samples were categorized into fluid responsive and non-responsive. Results: Out of 40 subjects, 60 fluid challenge samples were obtained. There were 31 and 29 . samples in the fluid responsive and non-responsive group, respectively. There was no significant difference in mean left ventricular end-diastolic volume index between the two groups (p=0.161). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of the left ventricular end-diastolic volume index was 40.9% with a cutoff value of 68.95 ml/m². The sensitivity and specificity were 45.16% and 44.83%, respectively. At the left ventricular end-diastolic volume index value of 81.10 ml/m2, the specificity was 72.41% with 22.6% sensitivity. Conclusion: This study cannot justify the use of left ventricular end-diastolic volume index can act as a predictor of fluid responsiveness in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND In the era of leprosy eradication, Jayapura is still one of the biggest leprosy pockets in Papua, Indonesia. The trend for leprosy case detection rate has remained relatively stable over recent years. This study was aimed to detect Mycobacterium leprae in household contacts and to evaluate the associated factors with the detection. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited household contacts of leprosy patients who were diagnosed consecutively from March to August 2015 in Hamadi Point of Care, Jayapura. The leprosy patients were diagnosed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For each leprosy patient, up to four household contacts that had no symptom were included. Every household contact received screening through DNA detection of M. leprae extracted from nasal swab specimens and examined using PCR. Factors for bacteria detection included intensity, time duration and number of contacts living together in the same house, and random blood glucose levels were evaluated. Bivariate analysis was used to associate them with M. leprae detection in household contacts. RESULTS From 107 household contacts of 35 patients who had leprosy, M. leprae was detected in 19.6%. Household contacts with leprosy patients for >1 year was a risk factor for detection (OR = 12.45; 95% CI = 1.595-97.20; p = 0.002). Blood glucose (p = 0.444), ethnic (p = 0.456), sleeping proximity to leprosy case (p = 0.468) and relatives (p = 0.518) give no effect to M. leprae detection in household contacts. CONCLUSIONS Among the various risk factors studied, duration of living together with the patient significantly increased the risk of M. leprae transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: In pediatric cardiac surgery, high blood lactate levels during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are associated with tissue hypoperfusion and contribute to postoperative complications. Studies indicate that blood lactate level is proportional to tissue oxygen debt. The objective of this study was to evaluate the change in blood lactate levels and perioperative morbidity and mortality. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 81 pediatric patients who have undergone cardiac surgery with continuous monitoring of serial measurement of blood lactate in Integrated Cardiac Service Unit, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Arterial blood samples were taken before, during CPB, and on admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and every 6 hours afterward. Duration of CPB, hemodynamic parameters, inotrope dosage and perioperative outcome were documented. Results: The largest increment in lactate level occurred during CPB and decreased on admission to the ICU. Patients who had complications exhibited higher lactate levels at all time points. Lactate levels were higher in the group with complications at the end of surgery (4.4 vs 2.7 mmol/l; p=0.000), immediately after ICU admission (2.9 vs 1.9 mmol/l; p=0.000), 6 hours (1.9 vs 1.4 mmol/l; p<0.003), and 12 hours after admission (4.6 vs 2.8 mmol/l; p=0.000). Increased lactate concentration was reliably associated with patient length of ICU stay, liver function parameter and anion gap. Logistic regression analysis revealed that peak blood lactate levels of 3.5 mmol/l or higher during CPB were strongly associated with postoperative mortality and morbidity. Conclusions: Hyperlactatemia occurs during CPB may become an early indicator/predictive index for postoperative morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients. This study generates the hypothesis that strategies aimed to preserve oxygen delivery during CPB may reduce the occurrence of elevated lactate levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present analysis of the December 2018 Anak Krakatau tsunami in Sunda Strait, Indonesia, from a combination of post-tsunami field surveys, bathymetric changes and spectral analysis of the tsunami tide gauge records. Post-tsunami surveys revealed moderate tsunami height along the coast of Sumatra and Java with maximum surveyed runup of 13.5 m and maximum inundation distance of 330 m. At small islands located close to the volcano, extreme tsunami impacts were observed indicating not only a huge tsunami was generated by large amounts of collapse material which caused notable changes of seafloor bathymetry, but also indicates the role of those small islands in reducing tsunami height that propagated to the mainland of Indonesia. Our spectral analysis of tide gauge records showed that the tsunami's dominant period was 6.6–7.4 min, indicating the short-period nature of the 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]