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Background: Women experience physical, hormonal, and psychological changes during pregnancy. Similarly, some traditions are prevalent among Javanese women, which could affect their pregnancy. The experiences of first-time pregnant women in this area remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of women during their first pregnancy. Materials and Methods: The qualitative study with a phenomenological approach was conducted in Kesambon village in Malang Regency, Indonesia. Eight women in their third trimester were selected purposively. Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews and subsequently open-coded using the NVivo-12 software manufactured by the QS International. Results: The participants were married primigravida women aged 17 to 22 years. Four themes emerged as follows: pregnancy is a positive experience, pregnant women are not independent, belief in pregnancy-related myths and traditions, and pregnancy-related information seeking. Conclusions: During the first pregnancy, pregnant women believed and practiced Javanese traditions regarding pregnancy. Although they were happy, they were still dependent and lacked the motivation to seek pregnancy-related information. Hence, midwives should provide them with adequate pregnancy-related information while addressing harmful myths and misconceptions. This should culminate in a successful pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of antenatal visits, body-mass index, referral travel distance, and referral travel time on preeclampsia maternal mortality in Jember district, Indonesia. Methods: A case-control study was conducted to assess factors associated with preeclampsia maternal death in Jember district, from January 2017 to December 2019. 40 cases of mothers who died from preeclampsia and 80 controls of mothers who had preeclampsia but survived were included in this study. A Verbal Autopsy (VA) was administered. Hypotheses were tested using the chi-square, Spearman's correlation and multivariate logistic regression tests. Results: Four times of antenatal care (4.648, 95% CI 1.776 - 12.167, p-value 0.002), obesity (OR 4.176, 95% CI 1.507 - 11.572, p-value 0.006), distance to referral hospitals from place of birth (OR 5.183, 95% CI 1.681 - 15.977, p-value p 0.004) were significantly associated with preeclampsia maternal death. However, travel time to referral hospitals (OR 1.537, 95% CI 0.534 - 4.422, p-value 0.426) was not associated with maternal mortality from preeclampsia. Conclusions: Maternal death from preeclampsia was associated with less than four times of antenatal care, obesity, and referral distance. Identification of the mentioned predictors would enhance the ability to prevent maternal death from preeclampsia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to identify risk factors associated with maternal mortality from primary postpartum haemorrhage in Jember district Indonesia. Methods: 40 primary postpartum haemorrhage maternal deaths (cases) and 80 primary postpartum haemorrhage cases (controls) were collected from maternal verbal autopsy forms. The sample included mothers who suffered from primary postpartum haemorrhage in Jember district from January 2017 to December 2019. Logistic regression analysis was administered to determine risk factors for maternal deaths from primary postpartum haemorrhage. Results: One factor significantly associated with maternal mortality was transfer time to the referral hospital (OR 0.286, 95% CI 0.112-0.746, p=0.010). Other factors, including age (OR 0.813, 95% CI 0.358-1.838, p=0.618), parity (OR 0.644, 95% CI 0.264-1.570, p=0.333), place of birth (OR 0.883, 95% CI 0.511-1.525, p=0.654), birth attendant (OR 1.808, 95% CI 0.791-4.135, p=0.160) and travel time to primary healthcare facilities (OR 1.416, 95% CI 0.615-3.257, p=0.413), were not significantly associated with primary postpartum haemorrhage-related maternal deaths. Conclusions: Access to referral hospitals must be considered in reducing maternal mortality from primary postpartum haemorrhage. Ensuring mothers with primary postpartum haemorrhage reach referral hospitals immediately may facilitate prompt and advanced obstetric care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in 2019 was met with various responses globally in an effort to reduce its spread. Despite these efforts, however, low- and middle-income countries like Indonesia are still being confronted with challenges, especially the healthcare providers who are frontline workers in the struggle. The current study aimed to explore the support expected by and provided to Indonesian midwives and pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method used was a descriptiveinterpretative qualitative research design. The data was collected through conducting in-depth interviews with 24 midwives who were purposively sampled and evenly recruited across all regions and all areas of midwifery practice in Indonesia. The recorded interviews were coded and themes were identified, after which a thematic analysis was done. Two main themes emerged and nine sub-themes were identified from the main themes. The study findings offered new insights into the individual and collective experiences of midwives from various regions in Indonesia. They had to adjust by leveraging the internet and mobile telephones in order to continue delivering standard care to pregnant women amid the pandemic. In addition, the midwives saw the need to provide food and financial support to pregnant women. However, despite the end of the pandemic being in sight in September 2022, there is a need to continue to support midwives and pregnant women in the disruption caused by the pandemic. Government agencies and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) should plan interventions targeted at providing specific support to midwives and pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is highly contagious, application of preventive practices, such as personal protective equipment (PPE) usage and hand-washing, are crucial to prevent its spread. Evidence suggests that preventive behavioural responses to COVID-19 might be affected by risk perception. The present study aimed to assess risk perception and preventive behavioural responses among midwives and the association between them. In September 2020, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Indonesia among 421 midwives. Spearman's correlation coefficient or Spearman's rho (ρ) was used to identify the factors associated with risk perception and preventive behavioural responses as well as the correlation between risk perception and preventive practices. Generally, the midwives had a high-risk perception of COVID-19 infection. However, approximately 27% of the midwives did not always use PPE, and around 56% did not often wash their hands. Midwives who worked at health facilities had a higher level of risk perception of COVID-19 infection as well as adherence to preventive practices than those who worked at universities. A significant association was found between perception of risk severity and preventive practices (p < 0.05). The healthier the midwives, the higher their level of adherence to PPE and hand-washing. Older midwives tended to use PPE at any time, while those who had a chronic disease were more likely to wash their hands for at least 20 seconds more frequently. Although the midwives had a high-risk perception of the COVID-19, it is necessary to improve their preventive practices, particularly hand hygiene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]