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Orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) are vital biocontrol agents, especially for Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV). The promising study helped identify the mycorrhiza isolate from native tropical orchids and determine its potential as a biocontrol. Sample collection of healthy roots of Phalaenopsis amabilis emanated in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, carrying out molecular identification with rDNA-ITS amplification using a set of universal primers ITS1 and ITS4. In vivo, antagonist tests began by inoculating viruses and mycorrhiza to determine the effect of growth and induction of secondary metabolites. The result showed one isolate of Trichoderma sp. associated with the molecular analysis has amplified the ITS1-5.8S-ITS4 section by 600-750 bp DNA. The sequenced products revealed insertion and substitution occurrences, which may have caused the variance by strain diversity and potential severity. Indonesian isolates have undergone speciation and separation from other isolates by a substantial distance. The considerable effects were the increase in leaf length, leaf width, root length, leaf count, the number of roots, fresh weight, and a lowering of the virus content. The analysis of the plant growth parameters and virus concentrations provided significant differences among the treatments inoculated with orchid mycorrhiza (Mycorrhiza [M], Mycorrhiza + Virus [MV], and Virus + Mycorrhiza [VM]) and those without orchid mycorrhiza inoculation (Control [C] and Virus [V]). The orchid resistance suggested that the virus infecting plant leaves contain more phenolic chemicals. This study is the first-ever report of the Trichoderma sp. isolated from native tropical orchids in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is ranked as the fifth highest case of MDR TB in the world. MDR TB occurs due to resistance to Rifampicin and INH drugs caused by mutations in the M.Tb gene. Resistance to the INH drug can be caused by several genes but most often occurs because of the mutation of the katG S315T M.Tb gene. The incidence of this katG gene mutation varies in each region. KatG S315T M.Tb gene mutation can cause a high level of resistance to INH. The aim is to knowing the frequency of katG S315T M.Tb gene mutations among all MDR TB patients in South Sumatra. A total of 118 MDR TB patients who underwent treatment at Palembang RSMH from February 2019 to May 2020 were examined by PCR-RFLP microbiology laboratory FK UNSRI to see the 315 codon allele of katG M.Tb gene. The frequency of the katG S315T M.Tb gene mutation among MDR TB patients in South Sumatra was 48.33%. In the katG S315T M.Tb gene mutation group a lower body mass index, a higher number of M.Tb and wider radiological lesions at the time of diagnosis. The majority of isoniazid drug resistance in TB MDR patients is caused by a mutation of the katG S315T M.Tb gene. This mutation will cause a high level of INH resistance. The high INH resistance rate will affect the treatment of MDR TB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) had been infecting the world including healthcare personnel (HCP), but many survivors still experienced symptoms although had recovered with negative PCR results. This study aimed to identify post-COVID-19 syndrome among HCP in our hospital. We conducted a cross-sectional study, asking HCP, surviving COVID-19 from April 2020 until February 2021, confirmed by twice negative PCR SARS CoV-2, and still working at the hospital at the time the research was conducted, to fill in an online questionnaire asking questions about symptoms related to post COVID-19 syndrome. Total study participants who completed the questionnaire were 164, 106 (65%) of them were women, consisted of 21 (13%) specialists, 52 (32%) residents, and 91 (55%) nurses. The average age was 37 (26 – 69) years old. When they experienced COVID-19, 60 (37%) participants were in asymptomatic, 76 (46%) mild, 26 (16%) moderate, and 2 (1%) severe-critical condition. Among participants, 78 (48%) still had symptoms by the time the survey was conducted, 61 (78.2%) were women, and these symptoms were still experienced in 41 (53%) survivors who had recovered more than 3 months. Fatigue was the most common symptom reported (55, 71%), followed by cough (15, 19%), joint pain (12, 15%), headache (10, 13%), muscle pain (9, 12%), breathing difficulty (7,9%), anosmia (5, 6%), bitter tongue (4, 5%). Post-COVID-19 syndrome was quite common in HCP and this might cause the inability to work, treat, and care for patients optimally. Particular attention should be paid to this condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Several laboratory parameters have been linked to Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), with lymphocytes being one of the most important. Lymphopenia is frequently linked to a worsening of clinical symptoms and an increased risk of death in COVID-19. This study aimed to determine the role of lymphocyte levels in predicting COVID-19 patient mortality., Methods: This is a prognostic study that is conducted from March 1 to August 31, 2020. Data from medical records and laboratory findings of COVID-19 patients were used in the study. Patient distribution and complete blood count were among the information gathered. ROC curve analysis, bivariate analysis (Chi-Square and Mann Whitney), in addition to survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier) were used to analyze the data., Results: In a total of 318 patients, 59 were non-survivors and 259 were survivors. Besides, a cut-off value of ?1460 cells/µL (P<0.05) was used for lymphocyte levels. Lymphopenia also has a 4.35-fold increase in the risk of mortality. Furthermore, the survival analysis revealed differences in the probability of survival within 30 days between COVID-19 patients with lymphopenia and those without (HR: 5.5722 (3.2509-9.5510), 95% CI; p<0.0001). A lymphocyte count of ?1460 cell/µL can increase the risk of death by fourfold., Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated a significant difference in outcome between lymphopenia and non-lymphopenia patients. Lymphopenia plays an important role in estimating COVID-19 patient mortality.

Aim: To obtain an overview of the problem and to know the success and result of DOTS method in tuberculosis treatment., Methods: Application of DOTS at the hospital was done every Monday during working hours at the outpatient clinic pulmonology clinic Department of Internal Medicine of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital in Palembang, Indonesia. Selection of patients was done at the general outpatient clinic. Patients suspected with pulmonary TB were clinically investigated with the sputum Acid Fast Bacilli 3x test (spot, morning, spot). If the sputum tests were negative, the patients underwent Chest X Ray. Patients with complete data were referred to the DOTS clinic. Hospital nurses and doctor residents from internal medicine filled up the medical records, TB form and registration of identity card, determined the Observer of Medicine Consumption (PMO) and provided the "Informed Consent". Education and motivation on the problem of tuberculosis were conducted by doctors and nurses. Finally, patients are requested to consume medicine by their observer with assistance from the pharmacist, and were given DOTS medicine for 1 - 2 weeks., Results: At the end of August 2002, 517 patients had completed treatment. The cure rate from positive sputum AFB was 82.17% (295 from 359 patients); 87.7% for category I (221 from 252 patients) and 69.2% for category II (74 from 107 patients). This can be increased to 85.3.% (295/344; Total), 92.5% (221/239 ; category I) and 70.5% (74/105; category II), those patients transfered out were not included in the denomination. The percentage of those who completed category III treatment was 91.8% (145 from 158 patients), with a drop - out/default rate of 6.2%., Conclusion: DOTS strategy in hospital was done by DOTS team consisted of doctors, nurses, assistant pharmacist and health workers. The number of TB cases in Moh. Hoesin Hospital Palembang in category I is more than category II/III, RK Charitas Category III is more than category I/II which are unemployed, primary school and productive ages. DOTS treatment on 2006 was done by FDC (Fixed Dose Combination).