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Background: Inhibin B, which is produced in the testis from Sertoli cells, functions in the negative feedback process for the release of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH). These hormones appear to be crucial indicators for the health of somniferous tubules, where spermatozoa were formed from germ cells. The present study designed to assess the role of inhibin B, FSH, testosterone and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) on semen quality (sperm morphology, concentration, and total motility of sperms) in normal and infertile men. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the department of reproductive medicine with a cross-sectional study design. In normal and infertile groups, the participants were enrolled as 1:2 ratios. Following 4-5 days of sexual abstinence, men's fresh semen samples were obtained, and the samples were then tested for semen quality using the World Health Organization (WHO) 2010 handbook. Using the Chemiluminescent Immune Assay (CLIA) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELIZA) approach, blood samples were taken, serum was separated for inhibin B, FSH, testosterone and luteinizing hormone analysis, and the correlation was evaluated using the Spearman's correlation test. Results: It was found that inhibin B level was higher in normal group (p=0.0005) whereas FSH level was higher in infertile group (p=0.001). It was found that, a significant and hostile correlation among inhibin B and FSH in the normal and infertile group. In infertile group inhibin B shows the positive correlation with total sperm concentration in semen (r=0.175* p=0.023) and adversative correlation with non-progressive motility (r=0.184* p=0.050). FSH noted hostile correlation with tail defects (r=-0.235* p=0.012). In normal group, it was noted that optimistic correlation between inhibin B and progressive motility (r=0.280* p=0.035) and there are no negative correlations were noted. Testosterone had negative correlation with FSH and LH. Testosterone showed positive correlation with sperm concentration. The sperm concentration and total motility shown optimistic correlation with LH. Conclusion: Consistent with other study, this study finding infers the stout correlation between the inhibin B and FSH with semen quality in infertile male in South India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inhibin is a glycoprotein produced by granulosa cells and its main function is the negative feedback control of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) which has an important role in folliculogenesis. Mutation in the INHα gene leading to decreased bioactive inhibin has been associated with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of variations in the INHα gene in increasing the susceptibility to POI in Kashmiri women. INHα c.769G > A mutation was analysed in 100 POI cases and 100 controls using PCR-RFLP and agarose gel electrophoresis. The INHα c.769G > A mutation was found in 10% of POI cases with 8% having heterozygous mutation and 2% having a homozygous mutation. The frequency of mutation in healthy controls was zero. Statistically, a very significant association was found between INHα c.769G > A mutation and the occurrence of POI (p = 0.0015). Moreover, the mutation was also significantly associated with high levels of FSH in POI patients (p < 0.0001). Given the significant association of INHα c.769G > A mutation with the increased FSH levels and POI in Kashmiri population, we suggest this mutation can be used to identify POI variants for screening of women susceptible to POI before the disease onset and can further facilitate putative therapy for such patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]