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Abstract: This paper presents rigorous experimental outdoor performance of a 2.32kWP stand-alone photovoltaic (SAPV) system in New Delhi (India) for four weather types in each month such as clear, hazy, partially cloudy/foggy and fully cloudy/foggy weather conditions respectively. The daily power generated from the existing SAPV system was experimentally found in the range of 4–6kWh/day depending on the prevailing sky conditions. The number of days and daily power generated corresponding to four weather types in each month were used to determine monthly and subsequently annual power generation from the existing SAPV system. There are three daily load profiles with and without earth to air heat exchanger suitable for three seasons like summer (3.75–6.15kWh/day), winter (2.79–5.19kWh/day) and rainy (3.75kWh/day). The hourly efficiency of the SAPV system components are determined and presented in this paper. The life cycle cost (LCC) analysis for the existing typical SAPV system is carried out to determine unit cost of electricity. The effect of annual degradation rate of PV system efficiency is also presented in this paper. The energy production factor (EPF) and the energy payback time (EPBT) of the SAPV system was also determined and presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper deals with an experimental outdoor annual performance evaluation of 2.32kWP photovoltaic (PV) power system located at solar energy park in New Delhi composite climatic conditions. This PV system operates the daily electrical load nearly 10kWh/day which comprises of various applications such as electric air blower of an earth to air heat exchanger (EAHE) used for heating/cooling of adobe house, ceiling fan, fluorescent tube-light, computer, submersible water pump, etc. The outdoor efficiencies, power generated and lost in PV system components were determined using hourly experimental measured data for 1year on typical clear day in each month. These realistic data are useful for design engineers for outdoor assessment of PV system components. The energy conservation, mitigation of CO2 emission and carbon credit potential of the existing PV integrated EAHE system is presented in this paper. Also, the energy payback time (EPBT) and unit cost of electricity were determined for both stand-alone PV (SAPV) and building roof integrated PV (BIPV) systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The incorporation of phase change material (PCM) into the building integrated semi-transparent photovoltaic (BISTPV) system is a promising technology to regulate the enhanced surface temperature of the photovoltaic (PV) system. In this work, Sodium Sulfate Decahydrate (Na 2 SO 4 ·10H 2 O) and Zinc Nitrate Hexahydrate (N 2 O 6 Zn·6H 2 O) were mixed to form the binary eutectic PCM by heating mixing method. The results of Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) characterization of those eutectic mixtures showed that the molar mass proportion of 70% weight of Na 2 SO 4 ·10H 2 O and 30% weight N 2 O 6 Zn·6H 2 O was an optimum eutectic mixture for the solar energy applications. The developed eutectic mixture was employed in the specially designed and fabricated building-integrated semi-transparent photovoltaic phase change material (BISTPV-PCM) system to regulate BISTPV cell temperature. The experimentation was carried out at the outdoor environmental conditions in the region of Kovilpatti (9°10′0″N, 77°52′0″E), Tamilnadu, India throughout the year of 2018. The instantaneous peak temperature was reduced up to 12 ᵒC for the BISTPV-PCM system compared to the non-PCM counterpart. The annual output power generated from the BISTPV module was 34,287 W h/year which increased to 37,024 W h/year by using PCM. • The two inorganic phase change material was characterized to form Eutectic PCM. • The optimum molar ratio of 70%wt Na 2 SO 4 ·10H 2 O and 30%wt N 2 O 6 Zn·6H 2 O. • PCM improved output power of BISTPV module from 34,287 W/year to 37,024 W/year. • The new method was devised to incorporate the PCM in BISTPV modules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]