Search

This research examines the role of effort at the school level in ensuring climate literacy and the influence of climate literacy on the environmental behavior of children. Literature has shown that pro-environmental behavior is mediated by hope and despair amongst the children. An attempt has been made to study the same. Also, the role of climate literacy in inducing indoor generation behavior was studied. The research is based on a questionnaire developed to measure the constructs (Efforts at the school level, hope, despair, climate literacy, pro-environmental behavior, and indoor generation behavior). The questionnaires were used to survey 477 students of the middle and high-level schools in Delhi National Capital Region (DelhiNCR), India. CB-Structural Equation modeling was used to study the influence and significance of the relationships. The research revealed that climate literacy, positively and significantly influenced pro-environmental behavior, while it wasn't positively influencing indoor generation behavior. Hope was been found to positively mediate pro-environmental behavior. This research is one of its kind and explored the psychological and behavioral implications of climate literacy amongst school students.

Purpose: This study attempts to elucidate the role of key influencers impacting the student decision-making process of enrollment for higher education in India from the lenses of Stephen Covey's theory on circles of life. Design/methodology/approach: A sample of 556 students of Delhi NCR, India was selected based on a multi-staged sampling method. PLS-SEM was subsequently applied for statistical data analysis. Findings: This quantitative finding voiced the relationships among the constructs in the proposed theoretical framework, i.e. Stephen Covey's circle of life theory. Additionally, it tinted the crucial role of "College attributes" in reconnoitering the relationship dynamics between key influencers (Circle of Influence and Circle of Concern) and student college choice (Circle of Control). Research limitations/implications: The present study incorporates only the first-year student population of undergraduate management courses in private universities from Delhi NCR, India limiting the generalization of findings substantially. Practical implications: The study garners the attention of education policymakers on the cognizance of the role played by parents and cohorts in driving the student's decision-making process of college choice under the circle of influence. Originality/value: This study is pioneering research disseminating a comprehensive outlook of the circle of life theory of great Stephen Covey engrained upon a compendious conceptual model which enlightens the landscape of the decision-making process of student on enrollment under the influence of key influencers.

Objective: The quantitative measurement and antecedents of doctoral well-being have not been sufficiently explored in the extant literature, creating a significant gap based on alarming statistics of high attrition rates and psychological distress among PhD scholars. Therefore, based on the theory of conservation of resources, our study examines the role of personal resources such as harmonious passion (HP), Grit, and psychological capital (PsyCap) in enhancing PhD students' well-being. Additionally, it proposes a novel conceptualisation of doctoral well-being, combining research engagement (eudaimonic well-being) and satisfaction (hedonic well-being). Method: We use structural equation modelling to analyse data collected from 239 doctoral students in India's higher educational institutions (HEI). Results: The results show that HP and Grit are significantly and positively associated with doctoral students' well-being while PsyCap partially mediates the relationship of HP and Grit with well-being. Conclusions: HP and Grit are personal resources which can enhance doctoral students' well-being. PsyCap assists in this process through resource gain whereby students with higher personal resources could gather further resources, leading to hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. The study also highlights practical implications for supervisors and management of HEIs.

Researchers often point out a wide rift between school culture and students' home culture, especially for Adivasi students whose culture, language and knowledge systems are played down by the mainstream discourse. We believe that such deficit perspectives must be countered to work towards an equal and just society. For this purpose, in this study, we explored the funds of knowledge of Adivasi communities of Central India with regard to forests and conservation. We also examined school textbooks from the standpoint of these communities to understand how connected or disconnected they are to the life-worlds of Adivasi students. The study adopted a participatory design and drew upon the principles of critical ethnography. For data collection, we used a strategic combination of ethnographic observations, informal interactions, focus group discussions, personal interviews and field notes. The findings indicate a strong need for developing learning material that is contextually relevant, meaningful and transformative for students.

Online teaching is not a new method. The current pandemic forced online learning predominantly. This study attempted to study the determinants of online learning and mediating role of facilitator. The covariance analysis of the proposed model revealed that the facilitator along with technological factors is significant. Similarly, the covariance coefficient of interaction with mentoring was found to be significant. The data has been collected from the students of higher educational institutions located in the northern region of India. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is done to analyze the impact on respective factors. The correlation matrix explained the relationship between different factors. The facilitator and interaction are significant determinants of learning which validate our hypothesis. The mediation model assesses whether a facilitator playing the mediating role in explaining the relationship between learning and interaction has come out to be significant.

Aim/Purpose: This research aims to examine the mobile learning (m-learning) intentions of students pursuing design courses at graduate and undergraduate levels in higher education institutions in a developing country like India. This study integrated the Technology Readiness Index (TRI 2.0) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to examine students' intentions. Background: Teaching-learning in design programs at institutions predominantly takes place in design studios. Studios are the place where the constant presence of the educator, along with peers, guides the students in all aspects of creative solutions. This interaction has been hindered during the COVID-19 pandemic. Over the last decade, m-learning has grown in popularity among professionals and students. However, the intentions of students pursuing design courses still need to be evaluated. Methodology: Using a quantitative approach, a survey of 334 graduate and postgraduate students was held in the National Capital Region of Delhi, India. The students were approached based on a convenience sampling strategy. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis was carried out to test the formulated hypotheses. Contribution: This is one of the first studies that empirically measured m-learning intentions of design students in the Indian context using TRUTAUT scales. The study will motivate educators to identify and integrate online content into the design curriculum. This will also help eliminate students' insecurity related to performance in online learning. Findings: The study found that the technology readiness (TRI) variables (optimism, innovativeness, and discomfort) had no significant relationship with the UTAUT variables. Design students also exhibited some insecurity about performance in their creative field, which is traditionally conducted face-to-face. But all variables of UTAUT had a significant influence, and the model explains 41% of the variance in m-learning intention. Recommendations for Practitioners: Teachers, as content creators in design education, need to suitably add online content to their subject that facilitates m-learning among students. Institutional administrators should provide adequate infrastructural facilities like stable internet connectivity, computer labs, and technical staff who can help the students with technical issues. Recommendation for Researchers: The outcome of this TRUTAUT research among design students can be studied in other developing countries to examine design students' intention to adopt m-learning. Researchers can examine the effectiveness of learning through online platforms in design programs. Future Research: Future studies could improve the model by extending it appropriately and conducting a longitudinal study with interviews and focus group discussions. Also, including teachers' opinions and attitudes toward online learning in design programs is worth exploring.

The COVID-19 disease outbreak has resulted in governments around the globe taking action to put in place unparalleled methods for a response. One of the worst hit sectors is education. As campuses across countries started shutting down abruptly, online education was needed quickly and prompted educators to adopt different pedagogies. Marketing educators generally are that cohort of academics who are most used to changing materials and processes due to the agile nature of markets and to make students industry ready. This research therefore incorporates a mixed method approach to identify the experience marketing educators had while incorporating Game Based Pedagogy (GBP) in marketing education during the pandemic and the determinants of continuance intention to use the same, post the pandemic. Semi structured interviews were conducted to reflect on the experience of marketing educators on GBP and data were analysed using content analysis, to identify various themes post which quantitative research was conducted to identify the determinants of continuance intention for using GBP post pandemic. The findings highlight the positive and negative experiences of marketing educators associated with GBP and important determinants of continuance intention.

The rationale of this paper is to investigate the inter-relationships among leadership styles, organisational learning capability and job satisfaction. In particular, it aims to analyse whether the leadership styles impacts the learning capability of an organisation and job satisfaction level of its employees or not. Two hundred managers from various management levels at IT companies in the Delhi/NCR, India, were surveyed. Descriptive statistics, correlations and moderated regression analysis were used to assess the data. The study found a significant association of transactional and transformational leadership styles with organisational learning capability. However, in case of their association with job satisfaction, only transformational leadership style showed a significant one. The study also found a significant moderating effect of transformational leadership style on organisational learning capability and job satisfaction relationship. The results are of utmost significance as it gives valuable insights about the preferred leadership style by the managers that help them towards enhancing their organisational learning capability and job satisfaction.

Purpose: The study examines the impact of social media distraction on the relationship between student engagement and student evaluations of teachers (SET) in management education, part of the STEM disciplines. While it is widely accepted that student engagement and evaluation of teachers are two important constructs of active learning systems, their links, especially in the context of management education, have not been explored. This study seeks to fill this research gap as teachers' appraisal and career growth greatly depend on SET across higher education institutes worldwide. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from 247 student participants from higher education institutes/universities using a questionnaire-based survey. Further, 15 students were interviewed to glean insights from their feelings regarding social media distractions and how it impacts their engagement and evaluation of teachers. For the quantitative and qualitative analyses, multiple regression and thematic analysis were applied, respectively. A word tree was developed to determine the association between experiences and contexts. Findings: The results indicate that social media distraction moderates the relationship between students' cognitive engagement and their evaluation of teaching faculty. Social media distractions disrupt student engagement inside the classroom, leading to wrong/biased assessments of teachers' performance. Additionally, cognitive and emotional engagement significantly impacted student evaluations of the management college faculty. Originality/value: The authors' findings enable educators in higher education systems, specifically management education, to rethink the faculty feedback system and social media distractions impeding student engagement other than SET drawbacks.

Purpose: This paper presents the features and relevance of open distance learning in the context of the socio-economic conditions of people living in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) in India. Although the primary purpose of the present study was to ascertain the effectiveness of the learner support services (LSSs) and different facilities offered by the open distance learning (ODL) institutions in that specific region. On the basis of these findings, few suggestions are made for the improvement in the support services, in order to make the ODL system more responsive to the area-specific needs of the learners, especially those residing in inaccessible areas such as J&K. Design/methodology/approach: A survey-based descriptive methodology was applied to conduct this study. The data extracted from primary and secondary sources were analysed to reach certain conclusions. In total, 1,200 distance learners constituted the sample of the research. A semi-structured questionnaire was designed and distributed amongst learners and academics in the region to obtain their feedback and opinion on different aspects of support services and facilities offered to ODL learners. Findings: Results of the study revealed that overall, the LSSs were satisfactory on different parameters, although they slightly varied from institution to institution. However, there was still scope for improvement in certain areas, where institutions further need to make serious efforts to address the identified gaps for improving the LSS and make teaching-learning more learner-centric in view of their specific requirements and local circumstances of J&K. Research limitations/implications: The present study focusses on presenting an overview of the only major components of LSS offered by ODL institutions and covers six distance education institutions (DEIs) located in different geographical locations within the limited jurisdiction of J&K. There is still scope to make focused (institution-wise) studies in a more specific situation and context to ascertain the problems in a more realistic way. Practical implications: Although the study has been conducted in a specific territory of J&K, the findings reported in the paper may be equally useful for the other ODL institutions with similar characteristics or located in similar geographical locations, as support services are essential common components of institutions offering distance education programmes or courses. Originality/value: The study is original research work conducted in the specific context of J&K, and its findings are based on the primary and secondary data collected from learners and other stakeholders of the selected ODL institutions. This work may be significant for the DEIs of J&K to get familiar with the essential components of LSS and develop a mechanism to further improve the academic and administrative support services for distance learners.

Aim/Purpose: The study aims to supplement existing knowledge of information systems by presenting empirical data on the factors influencing the intentions of doctoral students to learn through online platforms. Background: E-learning platforms have become popular among students and professionals over the past decade. However, the intentions of the doctoral students are not yet known. They are an important source of knowledge production in academics by way of teaching and research. Methodology: The researchers collected data from universities in the Delhi National Capital Region (NCR) using a survey method from doctoral students using a convenience sampling method. The model studied was the Technology Readiness and Acceptance Model (TRAM), an integration of the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Contribution: TRAM provides empirical evidence that it positively predicts behavioral intentions to learn from online platforms. Hence, the study validated the model among doctoral students from the perspective of a developing nation. Findings: The model variables predicted 49% of the variance in doctoral students' intent. The TRAM model identified motivating constructs such as optimism and innovativeness as influencing TAM predictors. Finally, doctoral students have positive opinions about the usefulness and ease of use of online learning platforms. Recommendations for Practitioners: Academic leaders motivate scholars to use online platforms, and application developers to incorporate features that facilitate ease of use. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers can explore the applicability of TRAM in other developing countries and examine the role of cultural and social factors in the intent to adopt online learning. Future Research: The influence of demographic variables on intentions can lead to additional insights.

The M(East) ward of Mumbai is home to one of Asia's largest open landfill sites. Waste, therefore, is a source of livelihood for millions of people living in the vicinity of this landfill site. In this article, we analyze the educational discourse on waste in the schools of the M(East) ward to understand how it is positioned with respect to the concerns, experiences, and out-of-school knowledge of the students of that community. We employ a critical discourse analysis framework to examine the textbook chapter on waste, classroom teaching practices, and participant teachers' interviews. The educational discourse is read against the data from focus group discussions with students in out-of-school settings. Our analysis reveals that the curriculum approaches the topic of waste in a reductionist manner with a focus on "scientific" management of waste, while connections between the generation of waste, consumerism, and the nature of economic growth are sidelined. The curriculum and teachers' discourse exhibits a class and caste character when they emphasize the aesthetic effects of waste management and certain kinds of proenvironmental behaviors and actions. It remains silent about the immense contribution of sanitation work to easing the environmental burden. The teachers' efforts to contextualize the subject matter and connect to students' life worlds are also limited. The out-of-school interactions with the students reveal a rich understanding of the recycling economy and, when provided with the opportunities, the resourcefulness to critically evaluate their living conditions. Finally, drawing on scholarship that discusses environmentalism and critical pedagogy in the Indian subcontinent, we envisage possibilities for transformative science education for the students of the M(East) ward.

India's "Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009" compels private schools to reserve a proportion of their seats for free for disadvantaged children. Although controversial, it is idealized as an equity measure for inclusion in and through education. This small-scale study, feeding into a larger research project, details children's accounts of their everyday lived experiences at private schools in Delhi. Children reported labelling students by teachers as 'naughty' or academically 'weak' or 'incapable' as a pervasive practice. These 'designated identities' (Sfard & Prusak, 2005) were reinforced by teachers and through peer interactions. They were internalized by participants about their peers and affected how they interacted with them. Peers who were labelled were reported to be stigmatized. Surprisingly, neither caste nor gender were mentioned as explicitly marking participant experiences. The paper also discusses the participatory methods employed in the study as a further contribution to the literature on private schooling. Data are from participatory 'draw-and-talk' sessions conducted with 16 children in 2015-16 from marginalized backgrounds, accessing six different private schools in one catchment area, half of whom secured a free private school seat. Participants were from amongst the first cohorts eligible for the free seats provision.

In the context of India, the current paper studies the ways in which select public and private universities are representing themselves on their own website. In the process, the objective is to reveal what claims on "quality" in higher education (HE), are made by these universities; and how and why marketing power/knowledge influences these claims. Adhering to a critical realist discourse analysis approach, the paper not only describes the discourse on "quality" in HE on the selected universities' websites but also makes an attempt to explain why marketing power/knowledge has come to have causal influence over the ways of knowing about "quality" in HE. Invoking, a moderate constructionist theory which is compatible with critical realism, it is accepted that knowledge on "quality" in HE is constructed discursively. However, these constructions are also shaped by non-discursive factors such as materiality, structural, institutional and physical embodied elements. The paper finds marketing power/knowledge is invested in the statements--both visual and textual, particularly on private universities' websites. As mainstream marketing literature and practice recognize HE as a service and conceptualizes student/parent as a consumer, these universities' websites have emerged as a site of playing out internet marketing strategies. There is an emphasis on tangibilization of the so-called HE service so that a prospective "student/parent-consumer" can see and find it cognitively easy to "understand" "quality" in HE. Consequently, one finds an emphasis on the discourses of "rankings", "recognitions", and "infrastructure" on these websites. In addition to this, one also finds influence of post-modern marketing and post-modern attitude towards truth on these statements. Marketers believe more in the appeal of these statements than in their authenticity. However, instead of invoking a relativist approach where only cultural factors are invoked to explain these influences, this paper hints towards materiality such as the ephemerality of the web, among others, as causal factors shaping these discourses.

Purpose: This study intends to build up a thorough understanding of social factors that largely influence students' decision-making to opt institution for higher studies in India. Design/methodology/approach: This descriptive research follows two sequential phases consisting of the literature review to identify social factors and validate the factors through the questionnaire method. Factor analysis was applied to identify the various factors that influence the student's institution choice. Findings: The research work explores and identified four factors and their associated attributes that impact students' decision-making to opt institution for higher studies. It was found that the career advisor influence variable has the highest level of variance, followed by societal norms, social platform and cohort influence. Research limitations/implications: The present study is limited to social factors only. Therefore, many other determinants which may influence the student's decision-making to opt the institute for higher studies remain unaddressed in this study. Practical implications: The findings of the study can guide the institutions' admission management in underpinning the acceptance of social factors to observe their influence on student's choice of an institution. An important implication is the identification of career advisor influence as the strongest social factor which may bridge the student's career fit in the institution and social platform influence which may help higher education institutions to redesign their marketing strategies to augment students' enrolment. Originality/value: This study provides insight into the important role of social factors that impact the student's decision-making regarding institution choice in India.

Purpose: Stress has been a common phenomenon among the working professionals. The stress has been known to affect the job satisfaction level, health outcomes, affect burnout through the physiological, emotional, behavioral and cognitive processes resulting in to low performance. This study aims to identify the factors determining organizational stress among women workers in the garment industry in India and to develop and validate a contextual scale for organizational stress among women workers in the garment industry in India. Design/methodology/approach: This study consisted of women workers who were employed in garment manufacturing companies. The data has been collected through a structured questionnaire, which identifies the factors leading to stress. The respondents of the study included women workers employed in the garment manufacturing units in and around Bangalore. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted and the model fit was tested using confirmatory factor analysis. Findings: The measurement scale for the organization stress of women workers in the garment industry was found to be highly reliable and valid for conducting the study in any Indian garment industry. The analysis identified the factors as follows: job-related factor, organization-related factor, social factor and personal factor. Research limitations/implications: Due to limited access to the population, which is the women workers, the authors have not been able to collect a large sample data. The sample size is the limitation of the study. Practical implications: Organizational stress have has been shown to have a detrimental effect on the health and well-being of employees. Organizations need to step up their effort to integrate emotional well-being, conducive work environment, workloads and job responsibilities, social connectedness and job satisfaction with their efforts to support the physical health and mental health of the workers. Originality/value: The study is one of its kind with a focus on women workers in the garment industry in India. The study highlights the factors that result in stress among women workers who have not been studied in past research studies. The strategies to cope with organizational stress in such a work requirement is different and very challenging, making it unique for practitioners.

Concerns about the health effects of frequent exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) emitted from mobile towers and handsets have been raised because of the gradual increase in usage of cell phones and frequent setting up of mobile towers. Present study is targeted to detrimental effects of EMF radiation on various biological systems mainly due to online teaching and learning process by suppressing the immune system. During COVID-19 pandemic the increased usage of internet due to online education and online office leads to more detrimental effects of EMF radiation. Further inculcation of soft computing techniques in EMF radiation has been presented. A literature review focusing on the usage of soft computing techniques in the domain of EMF radiation has been presented in the article. An online survey has been conducted targeting Indian academic stakeholders' (Specially Teachers, Students and Parents termed as population in paper) for analyzing the awareness towards the bio hazards of EMF exposure.

With the expansion of business education and an increasing focus on diversity, it is imperative that business schools address students' diverse learning styles. A deeper understanding of how differently each student learns may provide useful insights into "teaching-learning" processes that need to be designed for effective learning. Providing an environment that maximizes learning for each student is the prime motive for understanding students' learning styles. This study used Kolb's learning model to understand the differences in learning styles of undergraduate and postgraduate students in management programs. Using data from a leading B-school in India, the study identified the differences in undergraduate and postgraduate students' learning styles. The study offers insights for developing learning effectiveness by aligning learning styles with pedagogical tools.

Purpose: The present study aims to statistically prove the theoretical model on inclusive higher education provided by Srivastava and Shree (2019), which analyzes the effect of authentic leadership (AL) on inclusive classrooms (ICs) with the intervening role of academic optimism (AO) and art-based innovation pedagogies. Design/methodology/approach: This current study collected data through a questionnaire method from higher education faculty and the faculty's immediate leaders. Statistical methods like descriptive analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multiple regression analysis were conducted to evaluate the variables, model fit and hypothesis, respectively. Findings: The results indicated a positive effect of AL on ICs via the partial mediating role of AO. However, unlike the proven theoretical model, the moderating role of art-based innovation pedagogy between AO and the IC was not supported. Originality/value: The implications of this study advanced the theoretical aspect of the model while providing managerial suggestions that can be applied to support the development of ICs in educational institutions.

The current study explores the multifaceted and entwined structure of constraints and spaces of the possibilities of moving ahead among the Dooms of Jammu, India, where the possibilities of upward mobility through education as a means have been observed. Interviews and detailed case study were done with eight cases. Four overlapping super-ordinate themes developed during the course of study: (a) challenges of different generation learners, (b) lack of different forms of capital, (c) dis-identification from own and emulating others and (d) mushrooming of hybrid and mimic generation. The participants experienced the very process of change and continuity through education in their lives. It is observed that education helped in converting the morphology of their existing structure. Each of the interviewee has some exclusive experiences to share, offering significant insights into their lives, struggles and their conditions. The results indicate that the first-generation learners have to face many obstacles. The study concludes that education gives better results under certain circumstances. The chances of low caste children performing better are higher if the educational institutions run with mixed batches with students belonging to all the sections of the society.

Background and Aims: Tenecteplase is used as the standard of care treatment for thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients within 4.5 h of symptom onset. Documented reports were less certain to claim the benefits of it in an extended window period. EAST-AIS (CTRI/2022/03/040718) trial is designed to determine the success rate of thrombolysis in an extended window period for good clinical outcomes. Study Design: It is a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of tenecteplase administered within 4.5-24 h of stroke onset (with or without large vessel occlusion) based on evidence of salvageable tissue through baseline computed tomography perfusion (CTP) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Criteria of patient inclusion are as follows: patients of both genders (male and female), age >18 years, pre-stroke modified Ranking Scale (mRS) <2, baseline NIHSS >5, CTP showing penumbra--ischemic core ratio >1.8, absolute difference in volume >10 ml, and ischemic core volume <70 ml. The sample size for the study is 100 patients: 50 in the tenecteplase arm (0.25 mg/kg body weight; maximum- 25 mg) and 50 in the placebo arm (controls). Study Outcomes: The study's primary objective is safety endpoints along with the efficacy of tenecteplase assessed using the mRS score at 90 days of stroke onset. Conclusion: The result obtained from EAST-AIS will determine the safety and efficacy of tenecteplase injection administered 4.5-24 h following the symptom onset for AIS patients within the territory of Internal Carotid Artery (ICA), Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA), or Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) occlusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study is to understand the effect of Internet addiction on student's academic engagement. There are numerous studies explaining the negative relationship between Internet addiction and academic performance still very few studies could explain how the excessive use of the internet disrupts students' academic engagement. This study focuses on two aspects, each of academic engagement viz, dedication, and vigor and Internet addiction viz, emotional, and cognitive preoccupation with internet and loss of control, and interference with daily life. Data was collected from 152 students in an Institute in India through questionnaires. The data was analyzed using correlation and regression. The analysis showed that Internet addiction has a significant, negative impact on vigor and dedication. Interestingly, it was found that emotional and cognitive preoccupation with the internet is not a significant predictor of Internet addiction as loss of control.

Purpose: This paper aims to assess the relationship between academic burnout-student engagement relationships on management students of the Delhi-NCR region of Northern India. It further attempts to study the moderating impact of internal locus of control and mediating impact of loneliness on the academic burnout-student engagement relationship. Design/methodology/approach: The data was collected using standardized instruments from 264 respondents. Descriptive statistics, correlation and moderated-mediated regression analysis were used to test the hypotheses. Findings: The study found a negative association between student engagement and academic burnout and loneliness. A positive association between academic burnout and loneliness and a moderating impact of internal locus of control on academic burnout and student engagement relationship. Loneliness acted as a partial mediator for the moderated relationship between the academic burnout-student engagement relationship. Research limitations/implications: Sample size and sampling units are the limitations of the study. Practical implications: The conclusion of the presented study offers different inferences including validating the self-determination theory (Ryan and Deci, 2000) and possible courses of actions to be taken by academic institutions and students themselves. It ranges from careful investigation of student's behaviors, design and implements collaborative projects along with student's involvement in social networking based groups for collaborations and help. Social implications: With the help of the study, the society including parents, family, friends, officials and academicians at educational institutions can offer useful insights to students through recreational and social activities for behavior modifications. Originality/value: The major contribution of the study is to understand the psyche of the budding professionals perceiving increased stress and pressure. Limited studies are found in the Indian context and no studies in the past have used the study variables together. Internal locus of control as a personality variable has not been studied with respect to student's burnout and engagement. Furthermore, none of the studies done in the past have deliberated upon loneliness with respect to the student community.

Copyright of Contaduría y Administración is the property of Facultad de Contaduria y Administracion-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Ancient water harvesting systems, such as those from the Indus Valley Civilization (~3500 BCE), have been vital for irrigation and climate resilience, especially in arid regions. One such prominent system in South Asia, called tank irrigation, initially thrived through community management but declined post-independence due to colonial policies and neglect in Sri Lanka and India. This study evaluates current policy frameworks and rehabilitation programs to enhance the resilience of these systems in India, develop strategies for their protection and adaptation to climate change, and integrate global lessons for sustainable development. Methods: A systematic meta-analysis of grey literature was conducted to aggregate data on policy constraints. Policy analysis involved detailed investigations of relevant documents, regulations, and comparative analyses of frameworks at regional and national levels. Pilot projects on tank rehabilitation were assessed through reported case studies and field surveys to gauge impact. Thematic analysis was used to explore the global potential of these systems in climate resilience and overall environmental sustainability. Results: The analysis showed that pilot projects for tank rehabilitation had limited success in achieving sustainability under current climate conditions. Tank irrigation systems are crucial for adapting to extreme weather, including floods, droughts, and heat waves, replenishing groundwater, reducing soil erosion, and ensuring reliable water supplies. Traditional water harvesting technologies support 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including clean water access, hunger reduction, gender equality, and climate action. Integrating AI and machine learning in water management benefits disaster response, while eco-tourism aids system maintenance and cultural awareness. Discussion: The study underscores the need for policy reforms to enhance tank rehabilitation and institutional arrangements. It calls for increased beneficiary participation and constitutional recognition of current practices. Strategic, national-scale assessments and resilience targets are recommended to improve the effectiveness of such water harvesting systems in mitigating natural hazards and enhancing environmental services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This paper highlights the difficulties and lacunae in the Mental Health Care Act 2017 that hinder its implementation and use for the care and treatment of persons with mental illness in India. Methods: An online nationwide survey, involving structured questions as well as open-ended questions, to elicit the level of implementation, experience in complying with the provisions of the Act, and level of satisfaction, of practicing psychiatrists was carried out. Responses were analyzed using appropriate statistics. Results: 600 respondents answered the online questionnaire. A majority of psychiatrists were senior practitioners with over 10 years of experience. 92.5% respondents were dissatisfied with the MHCA, wherein 73.3% wanted it amended, and 19.2% asked for repeal. Procedural issues were deterrent for 66.5% from taking medically necessary or helpful decisions for patients. Non-implementation of the Act was a major finding. Major dissatisfaction was expressed regarding judicial over reach in admission and discharge procedures, inclusion of general hospital psychiatry units in the definition of mental health establishment, non-applicability of provisions like advance directive and nominated representative in Indian setting, and that all treatment should be covered under insurance. Conclusion: The Act in its present form defies the spirit of its own objectives and is unimplementable. It needs major revisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadotrophin axis, estrogen plays a key role in the regulation of bone maturation and growth plate closure. This study was designed to explore the link between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene with idiopathic short stature (ISS) susceptibility in a North Indian population. Methods: Four SNPs of ESR1 (rs543650, rs6557177, rs2234693 and rs9340799) were genotyped by Sanger sequencing in ISS patients and controls. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) and haplotyping were done by SNPStat and SHEsisPlus software. The extent of LD was determined by calculating D' and R2 values in SNP paired combinations. Results: Fifty-two ISS patients were compared with 68 controls. A significant positive association was found between rs6557177 and rs543650 genotype and ISS susceptibility. The frequencies of the rs6557177 CC genotype [p=0.030; odds ratio (OR)=0.13; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01-1.10] and rs543650 genotype TT (p=0.043; OR=0.29; 95% CI: 0.09-0.92) were increased in the ISS group compared with controls. However, no significant correlation was observed between clinical parameters of patients and these SNPs. rs543650 showed strong LD with rs2234693 and rs9340799, similarly rs2234693 and rs9340799. Conclusion: Our study showed that the CC genotype at rs6557177 and TT genotype at rs543650 of ESR1 constituted a risk factor for developing ISS in North Indian children. These findings may lead to a better understanding of the SNPs associated with ISS susceptibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parents' involvement is highly needed for ensuring holistic development of their words; however parents can only assist the child when they themselves have adequate knowledge, required skills, and proper awareness regarding various aspects of children's growth and development. To have adequate communication skill among parents, ensuring better language and communication in their words is one of the most significant aspects. Hence, the present study seeks to examine the impact of training programme on developing functional Sign language among parents of students with deafness. Pre-test-post-test experimental design was employed for the study. Samples were selected through convenient sampling. The collected data were analyzed using t-test. Results show statistically significant difference between pre and post test scores of functional Sign language of parents of students with deafness post intervention. However, no significant difference was found out between pre and post test scores of functional Sign language of parents of students with deafness after training programme with reference to their educational status, gender, age, and locality. The findings are presented and discussed as to justify the need for training parents in functional Sign language to develop their communicative skills properly which in turn can ensure better communicative and other allied skills in their words.

The aim of this research was to assess the relationship between resilience and career satisfaction. Individuals feel more satisfied with their choice of career when they are higher on resilience, resulting in higher self-esteem and better health. Such individuals have better control over their work, even in disruptive times. The study was conducted with 272 middle level managers (60% male and 40% female) from 10 private banks in Delhi/NCR India. The research illustrated that resilience has a positive and significant association with career satisfaction, accounting for 41% of variance, and established the moderating roles of trust, political skills and organizational identification in the resilience-/career-satisfaction relationship. Employers could benefit if they engage employees in resilience training programmes that endow them with the ability and tactics to deal with challenges and uncertainty about the future.

Purpose: This paper aims to develop and empirically test a model of relationships between antecedents and outcomes of flow experience of users of massive open online courses (MOOC). Design/methodology/approach: The researchers surveyed individuals primarily from India, who had enrolled in at least one MOOC offered by MOOC providers such as Coursera, edX and FutureLearn. The data were collected from 310 individuals using an online questionnaire. The partial least squares technique of structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the reliability and validity of the data, and the study's hypothesized relationships. Findings: The study found support for identification of telepresence, challenge and skill as antecedents of flow experience. MOOC satisfaction and MOOC usage intention were found to be the outcomes of flow experience, as hypnotized. The study also found the mediating role of MOOC satisfaction in the relationship of flow experience and MOOC usage intention. Practical implications: The findings indicate that if the MOOC providers can orchestrate flow experience for MOOC users then that will increase the satisfaction of MOOC users, which will lead to increase in MOOC adoption. Originality/value: The study makes the contribution towards better understanding of flow experience in the context of MOOC usage by identifying both antecedents and outcomes of flow experience. Further, it highlights the influencing role of flow experience on MOOC adoption.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to analyse the research trends on the Indian Open and Distance Education (ODE) system as reflected in the articles published in the prominent journals of distance education across the world. Design/methodology/approach: A study was undertaken to review the research articles on ODE in India published in 11 prominent peer-reviewed journals of distance education during the period 2010-2019. Content analysis was done to find out areas of research undertaken in the ODE of India based on a validated classification of research areas; types of research studies conducted; and authorship and publication patterns. Findings: Out of a total of 2,571 articles published in 11 selected journals, only 191 (7.42%) pertained to ODE in India. The majority of these 191 articles (68.42%) were published in Indian journals. The Indian and Asian journals together accounted for 93.55% of total articles. Globally, the share of articles on the Indian ODE system was significantly low ranging between 4.27 and a maximum of 10.77%, which was much below expectations from a country having the maximum number of ODE learners in the world. Results further revealed that 63% of the contributors to research on ODE in India were affiliated to Indira Gandhi National Open University. Research limitations/implications: The limitation of this study was only analysing the research articles published in journals of distance education and other types of articles, namely, book reviews, editorials, field notes and workshop reports were excluded from the analysis. Practical implications: The study is intended to help researchers, policymakers, and open and distance education institutions to draw a roadmap for the promotion and conduct of system-based research, which would be vital for strengthening the system. Social implications: The quantum of research is not proportionate to the number of faculty members working in the ODE system of India and the large number of learners that it serves, which is a matter of concern. For any system to grow its periodic systemic review is essential. The research outcomes need to be ploughed back into the system for its betterment. Originality/value: The study is original. There is no such study undertaken till date. This study will be extremely useful to researchers, as the gaps in distance education research which are yet to be addressed, have been identified by the authors.

Cultural Heritage means to inherent and cultivate the cultural disinclinations from one generation to next generation. It is possible by education as well as following the traditional livelihood of ours; it is conducted formal/consciously or informal/unconsciously. One of the traits of education is to hand on the cultural values and behaviour pattern of the society to its young and potential members. By this, means society achieves a basic social conformity and ensures that traditional modes of life are preserved. This has been called the conservative function of education. Handing on tradition is bound at times to be in conflict with a desire to initiate change. When a society is changing slowly, the new elements of its culture can be more easily absorbed. However, the rapid changes in the industrial society in the changing scenario have led to much conflict between old and new habits of life and thought. Here there are two contradictory functions of education which are both necessary and it can be shown that there are conditions of society under which these can be reconciled. Hence in order to emphasize the need to link education and cultural heritage, its inheritance, preservation and cultivation, I decided to have a study of awareness of cultural heritage among the teachers at university level, so that we may have come to know that our teachers, formulating the "Destiny of India" (as stated by Education Commission, 1964-66, "Destiny of India is being shaped into their classroom") are aware about the Indian culture, its heritage or not because teacher are at the core of education structure, policy, values and cultural heritage to inculcate these values among our educands. Heritage awareness is a crucial part of any heritage conservation and management. The creation of awareness is time-consuming and it requires commitment and local support. It is often the most recognizable component of a heritage management. One of the most effective ways to build and maintain respect for community's heritage is through a selection of activities that raise public awareness and increase appreciation. The success of heritage conservation initiatives depends on the understanding and participation of the local community.

Skills acquisition is vital for any economic growth, particularly in an era of economic and technological changes. The need for skill development is a vital challenge, foremost for a developing nation, such as India. Therefore, vocational education and training (VET) is a direct means of providing workers with skills more relevant to their livelihood needs and generating a harmonized condition that should be linked directly to industry's needs and requirements. Skilling half a billion of India's population by 2022 is the biggest challenge and most ambitious goal ever set by the country in the field of education and training. On the one hand, there are millions of people in India who have a considerable level of skill in a particular area but they do not have any formal certification to verify their existing skills, and on the other hand they are unable to further improve upon this already acquired skill to be commensurate with industry's needs. Hence, there is a need for a way to credit these already acquired skills through a qualifications framework, against which individuals' skills could be mapped. Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) is a relatively new concept for India. Presently no system has been developed in the skill training sector for assessment, accreditation and certification of prior learning. During 2013, the Government of India entrusted the National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF) with the responsibility for developing a robust system for assessment, accreditation and certification of prior learning by educational institutions, both in the formal and nonformal education sectors. A concerted effort has been made by the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS), an examining body at the school level, devoted to disadvantaged groups using open distance learning (ODL) mode, under the auspices of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, for assessment, accreditation and certification of skills in the informal sector workforce with industry partners. An attempt has been made through this paper to portray the framework developed by NIOS, and to discuss the issues and challenges related to implementing RPL in a socio-economic environment as diverse as India's.

The present paper deals with the sphere of Power Engineering and it's past developments, current status and future scope of Power Engineering education in India. The aim of this manuscript is to explore the prevalent status of Power Engineering education in India from the grassroot level to Industry level applications, data has been collected from India's premier Institutes of National Importance for this purpose. Introduction to Power Engineering has been given with India-specific past developments and current obstacles faced by the nation's Power Engineering community in order to achieve a hundred percent electrification rate through clean and efficient means. India ranks second on the list of countries with the most population and seventh on the list of countries with the most land area, it is imperative that India becomes independent in terms of energy production, energy transmission and most importantly energy management. Electric power transmission-loss remains a major roadblock in the delivery of sufficient electric power to India's citizens and the Power Engineers of India have to contribute to the best of their abilities in order to solve the problem of electric power transmission-loss in the worlds second most populated and seventh largest country. Challenges faced by Power Engineering aspirants and students who are pursuing undergraduate and postgraduate courses in Power Engineering have been analysed for every level of technical education available for students in India. Requirements for a Power Engineering Undergraduate aspirant currently in twelfth grade or currently pursuing a Diploma degree and requirements for a Power Engineering Post-Graduate currently in graduation have been explained separately using data from their syllabus which is verified by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), a regulatory body formulated by the Government of India to guide, promote and scrutinize technical education syllabus' in all institutes and organizations of India concerned with science and technology. Since a large portion of India's population resides in rural areas and indulges in agrarian based employment practises, the importance of the Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DUGJY) which is an initiative specifically formulated by the Government of India for electrification of India's villages and rural areas has been explained, India is the second most populated country in the world and predominantly most of this population lives in villages, many of which are located in remote areas and thus it becomes nearly impossible to supply continuous electricity to these areas. As mentioned earlier a major part of India's economy depends on agrarian products and by-products, thus it is imperative that Power Engineers of India contribute in the development of these areas through continuous supply of clean electrical power which helps in keeping the rural environments of India's villages clean and green. Government of India's approach towards marginalised sections of the Indian society for the implementations of these schemes so that they can offer last-mile connectivity has been statistically explained. Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) is being approached and implemented for using the sun as a source of electrical power on war-footing by the Government of India to meet the demands of the second most populated nation on the planet. Power Engineers have actively participated for the efficient utilization of India's 7500-kilometre coastline in order to generate electrical power from the force of blowing wind, employment opportunities for Power Engineering aspirants, Power Engineering Graduate and Power Engineering Postgraduate students have been disclosed in this manuscript. Initiatives of the Government of India in developing and redefining Power Engineering courses through massive open online courses through National Program on Technology Enhanced Learning (NPTEL) which is an online based platform for students and academia alike, NPTEL lectures are available in video format and are delivered by faculties from India's designated Institutes of National Importance. Past involvement of power engineers in the electrification of India and their role in research and development of new technologies such as ultra-high voltage direct current and superconductors has been scrutinized. In conclusion, future scope of Power Engineering and new technological research and developments have been mentioned with regards to Industrial Revolution 4.0. Possibilities of Power Engineering's contribution in research and development of Smart-Grids, Micro-Grids and Electrical Power Management sourced from academia, which includes the fourth largest Ph.D. population on the planet and industry alike have been explored in this manuscript.

This study consists of two interdependent parts. First we categorise the environmental philosophies prevalent amongst environmentalists in India by comparing the way the environmental crisis is understood and what its causes and solutions are thought to be. In the second part, we use this categorisation for a case study of three high school science teachers in Indore, Madhya Pradesh. Our aim is to find out what environmental philosophies underlay their teaching. In order to do this, we collected data by interviewing the teachers, observing their classrooms, and studying their textbooks. We then looked through our data for indications of the environmental philosophies found in part 1. Although the interviews showed some signs of Gandhian, Appropriate Technology, Eco-marxist, and other philosophies, in the classrooms the teachers adhered mainly to Ecological Modernisation and Eco-capitalist philosophies, and rarely expressed their own opinions. Despite progressive policy statements, the teaching was mainly textbook based, neglecting to consider systemic causes or solutions. One of the most significant findings was the prevalence of an idealist faith in a 'Balance of Nature' which was trusted to rectify upsets caused by human immorality.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify the elements of education and training intervention that facilitate occupational transition intentions of undergraduates and encourage them to opt for entrepreneurial pursuit. Design/methodology/approach: The study, conducted in India, employed the nominal group technique (NGT) -- A systems science technique -- which considers that users are experts and they must participate in the decision-making process. The application of NGT involved a workshop format; 15 domain experts participated in the workshop. Throughout the process, a democratic process was followed to avoid individual dominance and premature focusing on a single idea. Findings: The study obtained 63 responses from experts for effective entrepreneurship education in India. The responses were reduced to seven elements after a few thematic iterations. These elements were then segregated into content (knowledge, skills and attitude) and learning interaction on the basis of experts' responses. An initial draft of the course based upon the elements identified through NGT is presented in this paper. Originality/value: This study is unique and different from previous research on entrepreneurship education in several ways: It takes cognizance of multiple stakeholders; It provides a theoretical framework along with empirical groundwork; It suggests curriculum contents that have contextual as well as universal relevance. This paper contributes to the emerging dimensions of entrepreneurship literature, which implies a shift from understanding a well-established Western context of entrepreneurship research to transitional societies from the East.

Purpose: Inclusive organizations believe in integrating all toward synergistic outcomes. However, the extent to which inclusive education plays their role toward inclusive organizations requires more explorations. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide a theoretical model exploring authentic leadership (AL) as a predictor of inclusive organization in an Indian school context. Design/methodology/approach: The paper theoretically develops a model to explore and establish inclusive classroom (IC) settings in emerging nations. Findings: The study further provides academic optimism (AO), a latent term comprising collective efficacy, faculty trust and academic emphasis as its dimensions to intervene the linkage between AL and IC. Since teaching pedagogies help teachers to express their real intentions, this study also posits art-based innovation pedagogy as a future-oriented art pedagogy to strengthen the effect of teachers' AO on IC. Originality/value: This study will benefit the practitioners and academicians to re-design their policies and practices in developing nation education system.

Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a secretory protein encoded by the WFDC2 gene. The potential use of HE4 as a tumor marker has been supported by an increasing number of studies demonstrating an upregulation of HE4 in a range of malignant neoplasm. The aim of the study was to examine the association between the serum levels of HE4 and the clinico-pathological variables and to assess the potential use of circulatory HE4 for the diagnosis of breast cancer. An observational case-control study was carried out in P.G. Department of General Surgery, MLN Medical College, Prayagraj. Forty patients with breast cancer were taken as cases, and thirty healthy individuals were taken as controls. HE4 and CA125 were measured using ELISA test. There was a statistically significant strong positive correlation between CA125 and serum HE4 (rho = 0.7, p < 0.001) with sensitivity for predicting case of 93.33% and a specificity of 80.00% with AUROC of 0.8483. Serum HE4 does not change with progression of stages of malignancy. Serum HE4 had good diagnostic performance, and it can be used as a diagnostic marker of breast malignancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Complex distal humerus coronal shear fractures are rare injuries. These fractures involve small articular fragments and are challenging to fix. Design: Aprospective case series of 10 patients was done at a level 1 trauma centre between February 2017 and July 2021. Dubberley type 3 fractures were included in the study. Intervention: All patients underwent ORIF using posterior approach with olecranon osteotomy by a single surgeon. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 12 months postoperatively. Outcome Measures: The primary outcome measures were radiographic union and functional status of the limb (DASH score and MEPI score). Results: All patients achieved radiographic union of fracture as well as the osteotomy. The mean DASH score as measured on the final follow-up was 12.6 ± 10.2 and the mean MEPI score was 90 ± 8.2. None of the cases needed reoperation. Conclusion: Consistently good functional outcomes can be obtained in complex coronal shear fractures by posterior approach with olecranon osteotomy. Dubberley type 3b patients should undergo additional plate fixation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Digital health, aiming to boost healthcare accessibility, is an emerging concept in the domain of healthcare administration and delivery in developing countries. In India, according to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), more than half (55%) of the men have reported ever using the internet, while only one-third (33%) of the women have done so. This gendered digital divide is further complicated and worsened by the fact that individuals in the lowest wealth quintile exhibit significantly lower internet usage rates, with only 9% of women and 26% of men. Such intersectionality of the gendered digital divide might prove a barrier to realizing the full potential of digital health in India. Eliminating digital inequalities in all forms and ensuring universal digitalization is essential for desired digital health outcomes. Methods: This study aims to explore India's readiness for digital health in terms of access to basic digital infrastructure, i.e., the internet. We analyze access to the Internet among Indian women of reproductive age using pan-India survey data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (2019–21). We investigate predictors of Internet use in a regression model and apply the Erreygers Concentration Index (ECI) to examine inequalities in Internet access. Using decomposition analyses, we analyze factors contributing to digital inequality in terms of internet use. Results: Our inequality analysis based on the ECI [ECI- 0.4444 (p < 0.001)] suggests that a significant inequality exists in internet access. Furthermore, the decomposition analyses in the study find women's educational level to be the most prominent (28.19%) contributing factor to internet inequality, followed by wealth (25.67%), place of residence (23.16%), and caste (1.10%). Recommendation: We suggest a comprehensive readiness and need assessment, revamping of digital infrastructure, and moving with caution in implementing digital health innovation in the country as it may further exacerbate the existing healthcare access inequities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Paleogene coal deposits of the Jaintia Hills of Meghalaya have undergone examinations by various researchers, primarily focusing on organic petrography and geochemistry and highlighting the rank, type, and grade, with perspectives on potential utilization. However, the genesis of these coals has received limited attention from the researchers. This research article addresses this gap by conducting a comprehensive examination of the geochemical and mineralogical aspects of these coals. Coal samples from two coal seams at nine locations in the Sampar coalfield in Jaintia Hills were collected and studied. The samples are subjected to X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analyses, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proximate, and ultimate analysis to study geochemical and mineralogical composition and ash yield. The study utilizes various geochemical proxies based on the inorganic constituents, providing insights into the paleo-depositional conditions and contributing to a deeper understanding of the unique characteristics of Meghalayan coals. The research indicates that these coals were formed in coastal swamps and lagoons on stable platforms, experiencing minimal tectonic activity, influenced by seawater incursions. These coals were deposited in reducing to significantly reducing conditions and warm and humid to semi-arid climatic conditions. No signature of a geothermally active fluid has been recorded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Gossip spreads like wildfire, damaging relationships, decaying trust and creating a negative work environment. This study aims to investigate the relationship between negative workplace gossip (NWG) and quiet quitting (QQ), while considering the mediating effects of workplace stress and emotional exhaustion (EE). Design/methodology/approach: Drawing upon the conservation of resource theory, the study aimed to comprehend this association in the context of 267 employees from diverse sectors in India, including health care, IT, banking and education. Through a three-wave time lagged survey design, using partial least squares structural equation modeling, significant findings were uncovered. Findings: The results revealed a positive link between NWG and QQ. There was also a positive correlation between NWG and workplace stress. In addition, workplace stress and EE were found to mediate the relationship between NWG and QQ. Practical implications: The findings have implications for both theory and practice. Organizations should consider implementing strategies to mitigate the prevalence of negative gossip and foster a healthier work environment, promoting employee well-being and retention. Originality/value: The study reveals the "black box" between NWG and QQ, adding to the body of knowledge on the novel concept of QQ. Second, the study expands the literature on NWG, by examining impact path of how it leads to stress and EE, leading to QQ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the link between a mother's autonomy—the freedom and ability to think, express, make decisions and act independently—and the nutritional status of her children. We treat 'autonomy' as a latent variable, and design a novel statistical framework to measure this. This method allows us to separate the direct associations of maternal and family characteristics in our model for nutrition, from their indirect associations that work through maternal autonomy. Using data from India, we explore the sensitivity of our estimates to endogeneity caused by sample selection in the presence of son preference. We find: (i) a one standard deviation (SD) higher autonomy score is associated with a 0.16 SD higher height‐for‐age z‐score (HAZ score); and (ii) a 10% lower prevalence of stunting (HAZ < −2 SD). The latter is equivalent to the prevention of approximately 300,000 children stunting, indicating the important role of maternal autonomy. This paper is part of the Economica 100 Series. Economica, the LSE "house journal" is now 100 years old. To commemorate this achievement, we are publishing 100 papers by former students, as well as current and former faculty. Wiji Arulampalam obtained her PhD from the LSE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Jharia coalfield stands as a paramount asset within the Indian economy. However, many pressing issues, such as coal fires, land subsidence, unplanned mining, child labor, deforestation, and air pollution, demand immediate attention. Effective planning and comprehensive mitigation strategies are imperative to address these challenges. This research centers on evaluating an area near Bhuiyadih village subjected to rat hole mining using non-invasive geophysical methods. The evaluation includes a joint analysis of multiple geophysical techniques, such as gravity, magnetic, and seismic surface wave methods. The potential data has been evaluated by generating edge detection, upward continuation maps, and radial average power spectrum (RAPS) plots. Seismic surface wave velocity structure has been evaluated and used as a constraint to model the subsurface structures using potential field data. Evaluating subsurface layers from the RAPS, Seismic surface wave model, and 2D model generated from the potential data indicates a weathered layer, an overburden sandstone layer, and a coal seam of thickness ~ 4.5 m, ~ 14 m, and ~ 11 m, respectively. The wideness of the gallery boundary has been evaluated using the composite lineament map and found to be surpassing approved limits for underground mining, signifying evidence of rat hole mining practices. The thin pillars in the coal seam and fractures observed on the surface indicate the failure of overburdened rock masses, leading to land subsidence in the nearby villages. The study reinforces the urgency of shifting the local population to a safer environment to avoid unfortunate situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is widely accepted that the fundamental rights under Part III of the Constitution of India are guaranteed against the state and its instrumentalities. However, fundamental rights, such as those enumerated in Articles 15(2), 17, 23, and 24, apply horizontally to individuals and entities. The Supreme Court's recent judgment in Kaushal Kishor vs. State of Uttar Pradesh allows the horizontal application of Articles 19 and 21 of the Constitution of India. The apex court discussed the gradual shift from a purely vertical application to the decisions where Articles 19 and 21 have been applied horizontally between private parties. This judgment is transformative and crucial for the protection of the fundamental rights of individuals from centers of power other than the state. It will also help build a normative framework to bridge the public-private divide and redress fundamental rights violations. It would further lead to the effective protection of fundamental rights. This consequence is desirable, suitable, and a welcome step, given the might and power of non-state actors like big corporations and given the socioeconomic milieu in India [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on cervical artery dissection (CAD), a condition where blood collects between the arterial wall layers, leading to a false lumen and mural hematoma. Topics include the multifactorial causes and symptoms of CAD, diagnostic imaging features like the crescent sign and double lumen, and the management approach involving antithrombotic therapy, with a particular focus on a study analyzing demographic and outcome data from CAD patients in India.

The aim of this study is to examine the CO2 gas adsorption capability of coals from Sohagpur coalfield, India. Coal bed CO2 sequestration is a technique utilized to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions and improve global warming. Various factors, including pore structure, pore volume, mineral composition, moisture content, cleats, coal quality, pressure, and temperature, influence the adsorption of CO2 in coal seams. To conduct this investigation, multiple coal samples were collected from the study area and subjected to proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR), Brunauer – Emmett–Teller (BET), and measurement of CO2 adsorption rates on the coal samples. Samples were characterized based on their geochemical properties, then pore and fracture properties and maximum adsorption of CO2 gas were determined. The interrelationship between the genetic properties of coal with the adsorption rate of CO2 gas was established. These coals lie mesopore in category with the presence of fractures and hydrogen bonds. The result of BET and kinetics rate indicates that the adsorption of gas was unrestricted multilayer type, and the maximum adsorption of CO2 gas at 50 bar is 2.15 moles gas/kg sample, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]