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Introduction: Various therapeutic procedures, such as cleft palate surgery, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, nasopharyngoscopy, and nasogastric intubation, rely on the morphometric measurements of the hard palate. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in passive speech articulation. Therefore, understanding the morphological and osteological diversity of the hard palate holds clinical significance. Aim: To assess the normal and aberrant morphology and morphometry of the hard palate. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was initiated in December 2017 and completed in December 2021. It was conducted on 100 dry adult human skulls collected from the Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India. The palate was analysed to determine the mean palatal length, breadth, and height. Additionally, the palatal index and palatal height index were calculated. Different osteological parameters of the lesser palatine foramen, including its number, distance from the greater palatine foramen, palatomaxillary suture, and interpalatine suture, were measured. Mean, standard deviation, range, and p-value were calculated for the metric parameters. Results: The mean palatal length, breadth, and height were 46.16±4.18 mm, 33.01±2.67 mm, and 11.06±1.88 mm, respectively. In the present study, 83% of skulls belonged to the leptostaphyline type, 10% to the mesostaphyline type, and 7% to the brachystaphyline type. The number of lesser palatine foramen varied from 0-2 on both sides, with predominance of a single foramen on both sides. The distances of the lesser palatine foramen from the greater palatine foramen, palatomaxillary suture, and intermaxillary suture were found to be 3.55±1.56 mm, 11.45±2.42 mm, and 17.57±3.06 mm on the right side, and 3.38±1.57 mm, 10.90±2.39 mm, and 17.47±2.99 mm on the left side, respectively. Conclusion: The data provided by this study will be helpful in various disciplines of medical, dental, and anthropometrical sciences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The Palmprint, a dermatoglyphic marker, is defined as the print of a palm, which is mainly composed of the palmar flexion creases and ridges. The palm print patterns and blood groups are unique, stable and remain unchanged throughout the life. Hence, the present study was undertaken to investigate association between Palm print patterns and ABO and Rh blood groups in both the genders of the North Indian population. Material and Method: The sample for the cross-sectional study was consist of palmprints from 300 (Male: female 1:1,150 each) medical students of North India. The palmprints of both the hands of the subjects were recorded by the ink and roller method. Result: The distribution of palmprint patterns of both hands showed a high frequency of Category 5, moderate of category 4, small of category 6 & 3 and none of category 1 &2. The study also show gender discrimination as category 5 was more common in males while Category 4 was more common in females (P-value for Right hand is.012 and for Left hand is <.001). Positive correlation was found between palm print patterns and blood group but was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The findings of present study revealed statistically significant sexual dimorphism in the study population. Palm print patterns also showed a positive correlation with ABO blood groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With sudden changes in the worldwide education system due to COVID-19 impact and limited available resources, nurse educators have been suffering from online teaching stress in this year, which is thought to affect their quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study was to ascertain the index of online teaching stress and QOL among nurse educators during COVID-19. Subjects and Methods: In this cross-sectional study 162 nurse educators were recruited through a convenient sampling technique. Online survey was employed using socio-demographic questionnaire, online teaching stress scale, and World Health Organization QOL BRIF-26 to collect data. IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Among all participants, 22% and 51% of participants reported severe and moderate level of online teaching stress respectively. The highest and lowest overall QOL was reported in the social relationship (70.29 ± 20.5) and physical health (54.54 ± 13.73) domain. Online teaching stress scores were significantly associated with gender (P = 0.012), teaching experience (P < 0.001), salary (P < 0.001), job satisfaction (P < 0.001), satisfaction with organization (P < 0.001). Online teaching stress scores were significantly negative correlated with all four domains of QOL. Marital status and monthly salary were the indicators of online teaching stress. Teaching experience, salary, and job satisfaction appeared to be robust predictors for domains of QOL (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that effective interventions primarily focusing on improving the availability of resources, training, and empowerment activities are necessary to decrease the negative effect of stress on QOL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Blood stream infections are the common infectious consequence in neutropenic patients suffering from the hematological malignancies. These infections are usually caused by a diverse group of microbes. Material and methods: A pair of blood culture was executed in the febrile neutropenic patients suffering from hematological disorders, to observe the microbiology of the blood stream infections. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed as per standard microbiological procedures. Results: In the present study, 27% of blood culture positivity (27/100) was observed among the enrolled febrile neutropenic patients. Gram-positive cocci including Staphylococcus aures (n=15), Coagulase negative staphylococci (n=8), Enterococcus fecalis (n1) were the predominance in comparison to Gram negative microbes (one each isolate of Klebsiella pneumonaie, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). All the isolated Gram-positive microbes were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. 65.2% of isolated Staphylococci were methicillin resistant (15/23). One MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae strain was also isolated, having a susceptibility to only carbapenem and polymyxin B. Conclusion: Blood culture and susceptibility testing should be performed in each case of febrile neutropenia as blood stream infections among these patients are caused by a divergent group of microbes having a varied susceptibility pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An unusual case of situs inversus was observed during routine postmortem of a 60 year old male subject at Government medical college, Amritsar, Punjab, India. On the right side the common carotid artery was found to be absent. The right external carotid artery arose directly from the arch of aorta. The left internal carotid artery had a wide diameter and bifurcated . The right subdivision crossed over compensating for absent right internal carotid artery. The compensation of absent internal carotid artery in situs inversus makes present case unique and such variation has thus far never been reported in literature. The ontogeny and clinical implications of the variation have been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]