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Introduction: Prognostic evaluation of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is mainly based on [Tumour (T), Nodes (N), and Metastases (M)] staging. To predict the biological and clinical behaviour of a tumour, histological grading systems plays an important role. Modified Anneroth's grading system includes three parameters each for histologic features and tumour-host relationship. Aim: To compare and analyse the histological features of tumour center and periphery of non metastatic and metastatic OSCC according to Anneroth's histopathological classification and its association with regional lymph node metastasis. Materials and Methods: A retrospective pilot study was conducted on 20 histopathologically proven cases of OSCC collected from the Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. The OSCC cases that reported from March 2018 to June 2020 were included in the study. Among 20 cases, 10 non metastatic and 10 metastatic cases, were retrieved from archival blocks. Scores for the morphology and tumour-host relationship of non metastatic and metastatic tumours was assessed and graded by Anneroth's grading system; then compared with the Broders histopathological grading system. The histopathological scoring of lymph node was based on TNM staging. Chi-square test and Spearman's correlation coefficient analysis was done. Results: Anneroth's grading system showed a significant difference in pattern of invasion in tumour periphery of metastatic OSCC (p-value=0.01). Compared to Broder's, Anneroth's classification showed a highly significant corelation with lymph node metastasis (p-value=0.001). Conclusion: Hence, Anneroth's histopathological grading system can be used to predict the biological changes in metastatic and non metastatic OSCC and its increased possibility of regional lymph node metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In health care supply chain management, particularly in the area of organ transplantation, organ procurement and the transplantation network play an important role. The organ procurement organisation (OPO) should coordinate so that organs are prepared and transported to the recipients when donors become available. The scarcity of organ supply leads to life-challenging issues for the organ recipient. In this research, the importance of the location of OPOs to coordinate with the transplant centres in India is considered, and a solution is provided by facilitating the identification of locations where organs can be procured and distributed to the nearest transplant location. The location of the distribution centres of organs are identified, based on the p-median model. This model minimises the weighted distance of the organ recipients. Initially, the demand or the population density of organ recipients with respect to particular location is recognised. Then, based on the p-median model, the location of OPOs is effectively identified. Experimental analysis proves that the proposed model performs well in facilitating the location of OPOs. The robustness of the proposed work is validated using a sensitivity analysis of the differences in the selection of OPOs when the estimated demand for organs varies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the crucial steps in the process of identification of human remains is sex determination of an unknown individual. Sex can be determined using the human skeleton, especially by examining the pelvis and skull. Odontometric analysis and assessment of sexual dimorphism of the human dentition has been less investigated, especially in primary dentition. Hence, this research was designed to verify the presence of sexual dimorphism through odontometric approach in paediatric population of Tamil Nadu, India. The present study was performed on 229 females and 244 males between 3 and 6 years of age. Linear measurements such as maximum mesio distal width, maximum bucco lingual width and clinical crown length were measured in all the primary teeth. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science version 20.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Mann-Whitney-U test was used to check the statistical significance of the differences observed between males and females. Six equations were derived by discriminant function analysis for practical use. Sexual dimorphism existed in odontometric parameters of primary dentition. The maximum sexual dimorphism was observed in maximum bucco lingual width of 51 and maximum bucco lingual width of 75. The equations derived using discriminant function analysis yielded a jackknife accuracy ranging between 87.5% and 99.8%. These equations may be used to assess the sex from the children of Tamil Nadu, India., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Dental forensics forms a vital branch of forensic science which deals with proper handling, examination and evaluation of dental evidences for identification of victims of crime, accidents or calamities. Therefore skull and teeth often provide the identification material. The aim of the study was to investigate the accuracy of odontometric methods in sex determination of permanent teeth and to compute new formula to differentiate male and female teeth using discriminant function analysis for South Indian population. A total of 100 subjects were selected for the study from a parent population of 4800 students by simple random sampling method. Alginate impressions of the upper dental arch were made and casts were poured immediately. A digital vernier calliper was used for the measurement of all upper anteriors. Twelve different tooth measurements were recorded and from those two indexes have been computed. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS version 17.0 software. All the predictor variables were subjected to stepwise discriminant function analysis which optimally separates the genders and a best discriminant function was generated. In all the observed mean dimensions, male values exceed the female values. Student's 't' test for the different predictor variables of all teeth selected between male and females were found significant (p < 0.05). Very high significance was found in mean MD of 11, 12 and 13 and |c| of 23. The variables exhibiting best discriminant powers were mesiodistal width of both upper central incisors, DB-ML of 13 and canine crown module of 13. Sexual dimorphism in the size of permanent teeth differs from one population to the other and hence the standards set for one population could not be applied for another population. Hence this technique would be a simple, quick, cost effective, reliable and accurate for sex determination., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)