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The serpentine leaf miner, Liriomyza trifolii, is one of the most destructive invasive pests introduced to India from the American subcontinent during the nineteenth century. For ecofriendly management of L.trifoliiihe experiment was conducted at horticulture farm, College of Horticulture, S. D. Agricultural University, Jagudan (Mehsana), Gujarat in the rabi season of 2020-21 and 2021-22. Nine botanical insecticides were tested and among that neem seed kernel extract at 5% was significantly superior and recorded the lowest damage (9.80%) which was statistically at par with tobacco decoction at 2% (10.52%) and azadirachtin at 1500 ppm (11.13%). Similarly, based on the number of mines per three compound leaves, neem seed kernel extract at 5% demonstrated superior efficacy by recording the lowest number of mines (10.59 mines/3 compound leaves). The application of neem seed kernel extract at 5% resulted in the highest tomato fruit yield, harvesting 449.16 q/ha, a result on par with azadirachtin at 1500 ppm (445.83 q/ha) and tobacco decoction at 2% (436.00 q/ha). The incorporation of biopesticides into the management strategy presents a promising avenue for sustainable and environmentally friendly tomato production in protected cultivation systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to promote understanding of types of consumers in India in organized retail sector. The main objective of the study was to identify and categorize the types of consumers visiting the organized retail stores. For collecting the primary data, at each store 30 samples were selected for this purpose based on convenience. The data collection method was an informal interview and discussions with consumers for about 15 to 20 minutes at the exit door of the three identified organized retail stores operating in Ahmadabad .The original identity of the respondents and store is disguised by coding. The findings of the consumers' categories were identified through the conversational interviews. The consumers were then finally categorized based on findings are described as, Economic Consumers, Hedonist Consumers, Moralistic Consumers, Active (Involved) and Inactive Consumers, Definite and Indefinite Consumers, Individualistic Consumers, Recreational Consumers. There was an implicit recognition of qualitative data management as an iterative process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The role of adjuvant therapy in resected periampullary adenocarcinomas is equivocal due to contrasting data and limited prospective trials., Methods: The Multicentre Indian Pancreatic & Periampullary Adenocarcinoma Project (MIPPAP), included data from 8 institutions across India. Of the 1679 pancreatic resections, 736 patients with T3/T4 and/or Node positive adenocarcinomas (considered as high risk for recurrence) were included for analysis. Three (adjuvant): one (observation) matching, using T3/T4 T staging, nodal positivity and ampullary subtype was performed by using the nearest neighbour matching method., Results: Of 736 patients eligible for inclusion, 621 patients were matched of which 458 patients received adjuvant therapy (AT) (predominantly gemcitabine-based) and 163 patients were observed (O). With a median follow-up of 42 months, there was a statistical difference in overall survival in favour of patients receiving AT as compared to those on observation [68.7 months vs. 61.1 months, Hazard ratio: 0.73 (95% CI: 0.54-0.97); p = 0.03]. Besides AT, presence of nodal involvement (median OS: 65.4 months vs not reached; p = 0.04) predicted for inferior OS., Conclusions: The results of the match-pair analysis suggest that adjuvant therapy improves overall survival in periampullary adenocarcinomas at high risk of recurrence with a greater benefit in T3/T4, node-positive and ampullary subtypes., (Copyright © 2024 International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been implemented globally. However, there remains confusion about the number and frequency of samples to be collected, as well as which types of treatment systems can provide reliable specific details about the virus prevalence in specific areas or communities, enabling prompt management and intervention measures. More research is necessary to fully comprehend the possibility of deploying sentinel locations in sewer networks in larger geographic areas. The present study introduces the first report on wastewater-based surveillance in Gandhinagar City using digital PCR (d-PCR) as a SARS-Cov-2 quantification tool, which describes the viral load from five pumping stations in Gandhinagar from October 2021 to March 2022. Raw wastewater samples (n = 119) were received and analyzed weekly to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA, 109 of which were positive for N1 or N2 genes. The monthly variation analysis in viral genome copies depicted the highest concentrations in January 2022 and February 2022 (p < 0.05; Wilcoxon signed rank test) coincided with the Omicron wave, which contributed mainly from Vavol and Jaspur pumping stations. Cross-correlation analysis indicated that WBE from five stations in Gandhinagar, i.e., capital city sewer networks, provided two-week lead times to the citywide and statewide active cases (time-series cross-correlation function [CCF]; 0.666 and 0.648, respectively), mainly from individual contributions of the urbanized Kudasan and Vavol stations (CCF; 0.729 and 0.647, respectively). These findings suggest that sewer pumping stations in urbanized neighborhoods can be used as sentinel sites for statewide clinical surveillance and that WBE surveillance using digital PCR can be an efficient monitoring and management tool., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Crown Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Dyslexia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests as a reading disability despite normal intelligence and adequate educational opportunity. Twin and family studies have indicated a genetic component, while genome-wide studies have implicated a number of susceptibility genes, most of which have direct or indirect roles in neuronal migration. Reelin (RELN) has important biological functions facilitating migration of neurons. Polymorphisms in RELN have been implicated in related disorders like autism and schizophrenia but have not been examined in dyslexia. We hypothesized that not only RELN, but its interactors in the neuronal migration pathway may play roles in the etiology of dyslexia. Twenty two functional variants across six RELN signalling genes (RELN, VLDLR, APOER2, DAB1, LIS1 and NDEL1) and two dyslexia candidate genes (DCDC2 and ROBO1) were analyzed for association in twenty six nuclear and three extended families with individuals affected with dyslexia. Univariate association analysis was suggestive of association (p uncorrected  = 0.01) with rs362746 in RELN which however did not withstand Bonferroni corrections (p corrected  = 0.21). Multimarker tests indicated significant association (p = 0.037), based on which we tested for haplotype associations. Although there were no significant haplotypic associations, we found that a three marker unit with rs3808039 and rs2072403 flanking and independently in linkage disequilibrium with rs362746 was significantly overtransmitted (risk allelic combination - TAT) to dyslexia affected individuals in the sample (p = 0.002). Our results suggest preliminary evidence for a new potential risk variant in the RELN locus for dyslexia., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)