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Background and Aim: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious global threat and the World Health Organization (WHO) declared AMR is one of 10 public health threatsfacing humanity. An increase in Carbapenem resistance is the major problem that hinders patient treatment. Various genes are responsible for carbapenem resistance but the gene bla-NDM can inactivate various carbapenem antibiotics namely meropenem and imipenem etc. Therefore, this study aimed to observe the prevalence of the bla-NDM gene in the carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella spp. isolates. Materials and Methods: The isolates of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella spp. were collected from the central diagnostic laboratory, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, India after obtaining ethical clearance. The isolates were screened for carbapenem resistance using the Rapidec Carba NP method. The presence of bla-NDM was confirmed using the conventional PCR technique. Results & Conclusion: Most of the isolates showed resistance to ampicillin, gentamycin, cefazolin, imipenem, and meropenem. 45% of the isolates of K. pneumonia showed resistance to the carbapenem group of antibiotics and 20% of the K. oxytoca showed carbapenem resistance. Among the carbapenem-resistant 23.75% of K. pneumonia showed the presence of the bla-NDM gene and 6.6% of K. oxytoca showed the presence of the bla-NDM gene. Continuous increase in carbapenem drug-resistant organisms is worrisome and the judicious usage of antibiotics should be practiced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To measure the frequency of antimicrobial resistance in pediatric blood culture isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. with focus on carbapenem resistance. Methods: Over a period of three years, pediatric blood culture isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, including molecular investigations for carbapenem resistance. Results: Amikacin, carbapenems, colistin and tigecycline had an antimicrobial efficacy of >70% ( n=140). 7 of the 15 randomly selected isolates were positive for carbapenemase gene; among them, five were New Delhi Metallo β-lactamase (NDM). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of Klebsiella spp. in pediatric bacteremia and dissemination of NDMmediated carbapenem resistance in pediatric wards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]