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The discipline of psychology is increasingly recognizing the pervasive impact of the ever-changing socio-cultural contexts in which people are embedded. This dynamic nature of the social world is immensely impacted by globalization. As a phenomenon of psychological interest, globalization wields numerous changes across different domains and appears to continuously shape the contours of people's experiences. Keeping this in mind, exploring people's perceptions and understanding of globalization can serve as a good starting point to discover its diverse implications. Thus, this research focused on the experiences of urban, educated, middle-class, young people from the metropolitan context of Delhi-NCR, India. To this end, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 participants (M = 14, F = 18) between the ages of 18 to 28 years. Data were subjected to reflexive thematic analysis, using inductive coding. Emergent themes and subthemes, related to participants' notions about globalization and its resultant socio-cultural changes along with their implications are thoroughly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the localization strategies of Netflix and Disney+ Hotstar, positing India as a distinctive cultural-industrial contact zone. The Indian market's size, scale, and cultural and linguistic diversity make it a remarkable region for an epistemic inquiry into global industrial contact zones created by transnational streaming platforms. I map the relative power of Netflix and Disney+ Hotstar in relation to India's strong local film and entertainment industry. In doing so, I identify two types of localization strategies: the cosmopolitan local and the indigenized global. These strategies encompass content, aesthetics, audiences, and local industry dynamics. This essay explains the cultural and global mobility of media forms tied to cricket and Bollywood and argues that these forms accord the Indian mediascape a distinctive agency, presenting an antipodal inversion of imperialistic discourses of Western hegemonic media power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the global diffusion of Black Lives Matter (BLM) as digitally networked connective action. Combining social network analysis with qualitative textual analysis, we show that BLM was hybridized in different ways to give voice to local struggles for social justice in Brazil, India, and Japan. However, BLM's hybridization stirred right-wing backlash within these countries that not only targeted local movements but BLM too. Theoretically, we argue that both transnational contiguities and intra-cultural tensions shape the construction of meanings—or "action frames"—as connective action crosses cultural borders. Resonant frames, which are in harmony with the values of the movement, amplify the features of the global movement that resonate with local concerns or hybridize it with a local struggle. Reactionary frames, which are hostile to movement values, may also target the global movement or its hybridization. We theorize the different roles of global and local crowd-enabled elites in transnational connective action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author explores the impact of the Indian Cultural Parent on education in India, particularly the possible impact on transactional analysis (TA) training through the experience of both trainers and trainees. The article touches on the author's personal exploration and considers relevant philosophical ideas and political systems and systemic processes. She aims to understand the educator's role through the experience in the Indian cultural context of having a rich heritage with ancestral influences that contribute to academic rigidity and a dogmatic approach. She asks from a systemic perspective what influences academic rigidity in the Indian TA community and what unconscious process has been part of the Indian psyche for the TA educator. Instances are given of issues that inhibit the educator's flexibility unconsciously and the learner's culture shock experiences that can result in chaos and confusion. The article concludes with a perspective on the learning space using Cupsa's stages of change, which learners and educators can contribute to in the process of becoming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The second decade of the 21st century has seen some unexpected twists in the world order. Europe, which has gotten accustomed to an extended era of peace, now confronts a war in its heart. If Russia's aggression against Ukraine has revived the idea of an East-West conflict, the close alignment between Moscow and Beijing has reinforced it. Meanwhile, the devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukraine war on developing countries has brought the forgotten North-South contradictions to the fore. This essay unpacks some of the complexities underlying the "Global South" narrative by looking at India's recent surprising championship of the idea. It argues that today's Global South debate is very different from the one that dominated the global discourse in the 1960s and 1970s. As the West tries to reengage the developing world on a pragmatic basis, India is a natural bridge to the Global South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a critique of perspectives that see the recent global rise of right-wing populism as a direct reaction to the disastrous effects of neoliberalism. By turning attention to the uneven development of capitalism and international competition, in this paper, I present a distinction between 'offensive' and 'defensive' types of right-wing populism that take place in different zones of the world economy. Through a comparative analysis of India and Turkey, this paper discusses the particularities of the rise of 'offensive' populists in emerging powers of the Global South in a period of economic growth. The comparative-historical framework employed in the paper allows us to understand how the world-hegemonic crisis empowered populists by providing opportunities for upward mobility for emerging powers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to examine the drivers and barriers of governance convergence in Indian sport. Governance convergence is defined as the adoption of four principles of good governance that are common in Western sport contexts—transparency, accountability, democracy, and social responsibility. To achieve the aim, a theoretical framework consisting of three interconnected levels—(a) the historically grown national institutional framework, (b) organizational field, and (c) organizational actors—was proposed, drawing primarily on institutional theory. A qualitative approach was used to empirically test the framework in the Indian sport context, where governance has been of key concern. The findings show that the framework is an effective tool for understanding the drivers and barriers of convergence with the defined principles of good governance. The development of this framework is important, given the link between the principles and positive organizational outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus of the article is to understand the politics and consequences of neoliberal privatization in higher education in India. It discusses the original goals of higher education in India, including greater access, equal access, quality and excellence, relevance, and the promotion of social values. It also explores the definition of neoliberalism, its impact on education, and the transformation of higher education due to market forces and globalization.

The paper is concerned with the contemporary relevance of caste to agrarian capitalism and the relations of dependency and allegiance it fosters in a village of Andhra Pradesh. It deploys the method of village study to examine the two‐way interaction between agrarian class and caste relations and the emerging rural‐based informal nonfarm economy. It elaborates the continuation of relations of debt, dependency, and political allegiance fostered by landlordism despite significant diversification to nonfarm by landlords and labour and identifies the crucial role of land inequality and the working of ritual hierarchy in locking Dalit caste in land‐based relations of dependency. The paper highlights the importance of expanding the definition of landlordism as the use of social power for accumulation by embedding it in the motives and values generated by the Hindu social order. While the new wave of literature focuses attention on global capital and commodity chains to understand differentiation of rural population and ruralities, the paper emphasizes the persistent significance of landholding provincial capital in shaping class/caste relations and rural politics and argues for a course correction in thinking about the processes of globalization and new forms of labour control and stresses the continuing significance of the agrarian question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A global goal for early childhood education and care is to ensure universal, "quality" provision that reaches all children. Achieving this goal requires a well-prepared workforce that is equipped to adapt to and deliver early childhood programs across the vastly diverse contexts and communities where children are growing up around the world. Yet currently there is a severe shortage of early childhood workers, particularly in "low resource" and complex communities. Evidence to support appropriate training for such workers is also lacking. In response, this paper presents findings from a case study of a large-scale training program for community-based early childhood workers in central-east India. A total of 650 community-based Village Communicators were trained to deliver a responsive caregiving package to parents of young children. Data collected over 3 months highlight how the unique contextually grounded, caring and reflexive approach to training resulted in profound personal and professional change among training participants. The findings are of significance in informing policy and practice associated with global goals for early childhood. First, they challenge the technical, programmatic approaches to training that are commonly adopted for preparing this workforce. Second, they evidence the potentially transformative, long-term impact of person-centered approaches to training that facilitate knowledge-sharing to understand local needs and attitudes. Third, they provide insight into ways in which training programs can support enhanced local relevance and effectiveness of early childhood services implemented for children and families across diverse contexts. Highlights: Caring, consultative approaches to training support transformative changes in knowledge and practice among community-based early childhood workers. Community-based workers comprise a crucial yet under-researched workforce globally. Active contribution to adapting early childhood interventions for greater local relevance empowers community-based workers as well as enhancing program content. Training for community-based workers in early childhood needs to shift away from overly programmatic, technical approaches. Meeting global goals for early childhood development requires localized responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article engages with the history of television and television studies in South Asia to reflect on how "media" can be re-imagined as an object of analysis and critique. Questioning the analytic primacy accorded to film, we develop the concept of televisual drag and argue that bringing television to the fore can reveal different temporalities, modalities, and logics for the evolution of South Asian screen media, both in their past forms and current constitution. We critically engage with recent studies—of Indian women filmmakers, Pakistani comic shows and YouTube videos, and small-town video circulation in India—to illuminate the currents of televisual drag at work in contemporary media scholarship. We conclude by reflecting how how televisual drag might be a critical method for drawing insights from media histories, practices, and environments that do not or will not follow an easily comprehensible path toward a seemingly inevitable digital horizon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Culinary globalization in Indian cities has resulted in new patterns of food consumption and production. Aside from the increasing presence of global franchises such as Costa Coffee, McDonald's and Kentucky Fried Chicken, local and foreign entrepreneurs have established restaurants that offer various national cuisines. In Delhi, for example, Japanese-themed restaurants cater to the city's growing appetite for new culinary experiences. So far our knowledge of culinary globalization in Indian cities has focused on consumption: How emerging gastronomic patterns relate to identity formations. The production of cuisines as part of the city's culinary globalization is rarely explored. In this paper, I focus on the role of Filipino 'sushi chefs' as cultural intermediaries who localize Japanese cuisine. This paper discusses their emergent practices of cultural mediation, namely adapting to local taste, peer mentoring and communicative labor. I argue that such practices of cultural mediation point to the social dynamics of cultural production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strategists observe that the world is moving toward deglobalization thinking, and developed states have already marked their beginning. In this study, we have tried to analyze how the impact of globalization is different in the case of an emerging market country and a developed country. We have chosen India for our study because of its robust growth in manufacturing and business-friendly policy reforms. On the other hand, we have taken the case of the United States pertaining to the recent policy reforms it has undergone. We have employed the SAP-LAP approach to analyze the country's case situation. This research finds that India's way of managing globalization has positively affected its dominant performance domains like employment rate, GDP growth, and poverty. Conversely, in the case of a developed country like the United States, globalization has adversely impacted the dominant performance areas, particularly GDP, employment generation rate, and poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surrogacy tourism in Asian countries has surged in recent decades due to affordable prices and favourable regulations. Although it has recently been banned in many countries, it is still carried out illegally across borders. With demand for surrogacy in developed countries increasing and economically vulnerable Asian women lured by lucrative compensation, there are efforts by guest countries to ease the strict surrogacy regulations in host countries. Despite a shift toward "altruistic surrogacy", commercial surrogacy persists. Recent research carried out by international organizations that seek to establish a legal relationship between the commissioning parents and children in cross-border surrogacy arrangements, under the guise of the "best interests of the child," appears to promote a resurgence of overseas commercial surrogacy rather than restrict it. Further commercialization of surrogacy should be prevented by carefully investigating the reality of the surrogacy process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Changes in food choice often accompany globalization and economic growth. These changes have not been well documented in rural settings and among young people. To advance research on food choice, we demonstrate adolescents' selection of local vs.non-local foods in a rural area of India where globalization is just reaching. A representative sample of 237 school-going adolescents in a village in Southern India completed a survey in 2019 to understand how adolescents decide among foods traditional to the area and foods arriving from other parts of the country and the world. Adolescents most frequently consumed local foods but also occasionally consumed non-local items. In hypothetical scenarios, 81% of the adolescents reported being most interested in substituting local foods with non-local foods if they were to have more money. Among the few who currently consumed non-local snacks and drinks, very few would be willing to replace them with local alternatives, particularly if they were to have more money (snacks: 10% and drinks: 5% respectively). Overall, adolescents were most interested in switching to non-local items when considering fruits, vegetables and snacks. As India faces the dual burden of undernutrition and overnutrition, understanding the changing food environment may help inform efforts to improve nutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health care business cannot be learned in isolation. At one time we have to sacrifice tradition in favour of technology. Our approach is more towards a theory based approach while the developed world has already shifted to the skill based approach. In this regard NMC has to take a positive outlook regarding accreditation of (1) The colleges, (2) The teachers (PG & UG) and (3) Upgradation of NEET percentile marks, (4) Flexibility of the curriculum, (5) Release from bureaucratic knots and (6) Give free hand for foreign collaboration to enhance and usher a new age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores India's economic diplomacy since its early years of Independence, from the margins to a relative significance in the global economic hierarchy. It begins by identifying the constant, governing first principles and core objectives of India's economic diplomacy that have remained constant over the years. The first three sections broadly embody the distinctive phases of India's economic diplomacy, each laced with turning points, challenges and shifts entailed therein. The article ends with a concluding section that provides an analysis of India's economic diplomacy in terms of broader trends, current challenges and the road ahead in the policy-relevant future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The view that the concept of the Indo-Pacific is not new nor an aberration has anchored New Delhi's embrace of this geopolitical reality and the articulation of its central role and vision for this dynamic theatre. This revisiting of history has happened, in New Delhi's understanding, because of drivers such as globalisation, multipolarity and a recognition by the United States that it needs to work with others to manage the disruptive rise of China, among other global challenges. India has always considered itself an Indo-Pacific actor, given its geographical location, its interests and stakes primarily in the Indian Ocean and increasingly in the pacific, its bilateral partnerships which then see a shared interest in the region, its presence in existent Indo-Pacific bodies spanning the two oceans and its growing role as a provider of net security and preferred maritime security partner for many countries in the Indo-Pacific. This article traces the evolution of the Indo-Pacific in New Delhi's strategic calculus and its pre-eminence as a theatre of geo-strategic and geo-economic opportunity. It argues that three trends have emerged as distinguishable features, which serve as building blocks of cooperation in the Indo-Pacific today, especially for India: (a) issue-based coalitions driven by function, where flexibility of these configurations remains a strategic asset, (b) like-minded countries working together in overlapping bilateral, minilateral and plurilateral formats to expand global initiatives in a way that they are institutionalised within the national agendas of regional like-minded powers and (c) a focused effort on building capacity of countries in the Indo-Pacific to give them viable alternatives which go beyond binaries formed around ideological and political contestation. Post COVID-19, consolidating the India way in the Indo-Pacific will depend on how India strengthens its domestic capacity and shapes geopolitics at the regional and global levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building upon a vast literature and Ministry of External Affairs Annual reports, this article argues that India's foreign actions through its 75 years are not only domestically generated. Analysis of India's foreign relations must include an assessment of changing global structures and how they affect domestic imperatives. A 'inside-outside' perspective, with a focus on India's ideas and actions, must to be combined with an 'outside-in' analysis. Such an outside-in analysis places India's statecraft in the context of global structures across four phases: 1947-1989, 1999-2000, 2000-2014, and 2014-2021, while also exploring the domestic foundations of changing foreign policy interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Introduction to this Special Issue on '"Love Jihad": Sexuality, Reproduction and the Construction of the Predatory Muslim Male' provides a theoretical overview and suggests an analytical lens for how to understand "Love Jihad" and related notions of Islamization through marriage, sexuality, and reproduction. We define "Love Jihad" as the notion that Muslim men intentionally and strategically allure and entrap non-Muslim women with the intent to marry and convert them to Islam as part of an Islamization project. We suggest a two-fold understanding of the concept of "Love Jihad". First, the concept needs to be understood as a globalizing trope, originating from India and spreading to a wide range of cultural and national contexts across the world. Second, we propose to understand the specific term "love jihad" beyond its referential specificity, and thereby broadening it into an analytical concept for exploring related concepts (such as "sexual jihad" and "demographic jihad"), as well as related notions of Muslim men as sexual predators (in certain geographical settings known as "rapefugees"). We therefore include in our analysis related notions such as Islamic womb fare, "grooming", "The Great Replacement", and "unethical conversion" in marriage where they relate to flows of gendered nationalist imaginaries of the Muslim "Other". The aim of this Introduction—as well as the Special Issue—is to contribute to the study of Islamophobia as a global phenomenon and to deepen our understanding of the gendered imaginaries of anti-Muslim nationalist formations across the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since independence the Indian government has pursued a state-driven approach to arms production that has led to lengthy delays, cost overruns, and not fulfilled the desired goal of autonomy in weapons production. At the same time, a weapons acquisition policy that is marked by lengthy negotiations and an emphasis on unrealistic technology transfers has led the Indian armed forces to be shortchanged in their attempts to build up a modern force structure. The pathologies of arms production and weapons acquisition have left the Indian armed forces less effective than they would like to be in combatting a two-front challenge to the country's security. The article suggests that moving from a techno nationalistic arms production policy to one of techno globalization (with realistic outcomes) is the best step forward for India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article makes the argument that India's cricket authorities moved the sport away from being a semi-amateurish game to one which met the commercial criteria for a globalised sport. Further, while cricket was a game dominated by the Western nations, it was only after the game was taken over by India that it was opened up to a broader set of nations and not based on racial and cultural preferences. While the sport has been reformed, India has still to bring the game to global financial standards or to be able to use the soft power of cricket to enhance its international status. This is because India has exhibited the behaviour of a middle power in international politics by fitting into and exploiting a particular niche in international sports which is of dominating a game that is multinational rather than truly global. Instead, the Chinese, in their forays into the international sports market, are not only taking the steps to increase their soft power but, also, showing that their relative power status in the international system is reflected in their ability to use sporting events to shape their soft power advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our ethnography among traditionalist Sunni Muslims of Kerala, South India, we observe the emergence of new intellectual critiques of Islamic reformism and a revival of 'traditional' Islamic articulations. A new class of traditionalist Sunni ulama, claiming to be 'turbaned professionals', plays an instrumental role in providing epistemic sanctioning to 'traditional' Islamic piety while simultaneously grounding it within the discourses and processes of neoliberal developmentalism. Such assertions of traditionalist Sunni Muslim identity challenge the conventional understanding of Islamic reformism as a hallmark of the progressive understanding of faith and traditionalism as its 'anti-modern' other. The article argues that this discursive shift of Sunni Islamic traditionalism in Kerala since the 1980s from defensive to more assertive forms has to be located in the context of wider socio-economic change within the community facilitated by structural as well as cultural forces of globalization. We point out that this process traverses the local, national, and global scales of identification, and results in intense negotiations between local identifications and 'true Islamicate global imaginations'. These negotiations bring in new discourses around the question of 'authentic' Islamic practices and sensibilities among the traditionalist Sunni Muslims, forcing us to locate the question of their identity formation beyond the boundaries of communities and the nation states that ensconce them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Devika Rani, first lady of Indian cinema, spearheaded a studio and co-produced global films. Her contemporary Durga Khote was the first female star to produce ad films and venture into television production. Nargis, the star of Oscar nominated, Mother India, also produced films. While female stars have historically been central to Indian cinema's production culture and globalization, their role within it is largely ignored. These stars have been critical to the adoption of global industry practices and the creation of new business models and networks to enable Hindi cinema's global presence. Charting a historical trajectory from the 1940s to the 1960s this article explicates the impact of female "star switching power", the ability to exceed the constraints of the network through their "effective and affective" power within India's socio-cultural and political networks, to create new directions for Hindi cinema. Tracing the contributions of female stars such as Devika Rani and Durga Khote (high caste, elite Brahmins) and juxtaposing it to Nargis (a minority Muslim from a chequered family background), the article shows that class, caste and religion become key factors in determining whether a star's production efforts translate to "switching power" or devolve into affective and material labour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There appears to be a globally unifying discourse that suggests Muslim communities are not supportive of girls' education12. This paper aims to destabilize such a discourse by inserting the narratives of Muslim parents pursuing girls' education in Assam's Nagaon district. By paying attention to the concepts of bhal suwali (good girlhood) and bhal ghor (good family) articulated by parents in my study, this paper connects the performances of certain types of gender practices with the pursuit of class aspirations. It shows that good girlhood works as symbolic capital that helps Muslim parents to culturally authorize their daughters as legitimate actors in the field of education, while legitimizing themselves as good family. This paper draws attention to three practices of respectable femininity through which good girlhoods are enacted in the field of education, namely: negotiating poverty respectably, prioritizing gendered discipline, and merging career aspirations with marital prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper unpacks the discursive work of global education philanthropies to shed light on how the work of educational actors inscribes and directs global forces, connections and imaginaries to specific local ends. We do so by analyzing the discursive work of two educational philanthropies – in the US and India – that are similar but also vary in ways related to their global reach and networks. Building on Appadurai's notions of -scapes we show the use of technocratic discourses in the construction and enablement of imagined educational futures of the socially disadvantaged. This paper speaks to theoretical concerns that often club broad concerns of globalization and neoliberalism in education and shows specific empirical openings that manifest as local choices and adaptations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since economic liberalization in 1991, India has been experiencing rapid economic growth and a shift to consumer culture, making it fertile ground for marketers of consumer goods. Historically, sales of beauty products in India had been limited by high taxation, restricted consumer choice, and high levels of poverty; post-liberalization, the country was therefore seen as a market with immense, albeit untapped, potential. However, even as beauty industry reports tout the potential for growth, nearly three decades after liberalization, per capita sales of beauty products continue to be some of the lowest in the world. Little is known about why beauty products remain stubbornly resistant to aspirational marketing efforts. Meanwhile, scant social scientific attention has been paid to the creation and marketing of tastes and desires by the beauty industry in India and women's engagement with those desires. In this article, we present ethnographic depth on how local beauty cultures affect understandings of bodily aesthetics to create hybrid beauty practices and on how marketing efforts seek to channel these practices into consumer behavior. We examine some of the major points of contingent difference linked to low volumes of cosmetics sales in India and explore the approaches adopted by advertisers and marketers of beauty products to convert such difference into new imaginaries that foster mass consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 1980s, globalization has reduced between-country inequality and increased within-country inequality in most countries. There has been a debate about whether global inequality, which combines both between- and within-country inequalities, increased or decreased. With more adequate and updated data over the past two decades, this debate has been settled. Global inequality unmistakably diminished in the age of globalization. Underlying this reduction in aggregate global inequality is the rise of China and India into the middle strata of the global income distribution, income stagnation of the working class in rich countries, and the expansion of internal inequality in poor and rich countries. This shift in global income distribution contributed to new geopolitical conflicts and political backlash against globalization in the developed world. This global distributive politics will in turn determine the future of globalization and shape the trajectory of global income inequality change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The question this article tries to answer is: to what extent can the recent rise of populism outside of the West be attributed to anti-Western sentiment? Interest in populism has focused on Western democracies, with far less attention devoted to regimes in non-Western parts of the world. This article takes three major cases – India, China, and Turkey. The article examines the recent intensification of populism in the three cases, but also shows how populism fits into the longer comparative-historical trajectories of a revolt against Western domination. The conclusion puts populism in a wider perspective: how do these non-Western assertions of populism shed light on debates about alternative paths within modernity and on the nature of populism in Western democracies? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anthropology is a dynamic discipline that has a cut-out task to provide solutions to the challenges faced by the world societies. While contribution of Anthropology is recognized in most parts of the world, India, particularly after the mid-1980s, has shown its reluctance to respond to various problems and, subsequently, ignored by planners, policymakers, administrators, and even other sister disciplines. Anthropologists have the vast knowledge of human societies, methodology, experience, and communicative skills to provide solutions to those problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need to revive the zeal of anthropologists to respond to all sorts of problems being faced by India and take the lead in providing solutions to those problems. Otherwise, anthropology may be marginalized further, and it may be suicidal for the discipline as also for its practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Income inequality among various forms of inequality, these days has attracted the serious attention of policymakers, rulers and thinkers. Each of these three groups has tried to identify the causes of occurrence and continuity through their views and, of course, provide solutions to mitigate it. The beginning of the third millennium was accompanied by an intensification of income inequalities within countries, so that the efforts of the international community, which had previously been able to reduce poverty and absolute hunger in the framework of documents such as the Millennium Development Goals, to reduce it, so far has failed to alleviate it. Identifying the causes of the emergence and perpetuation of income inequality in different economies is very significant at a time when the threats posed by income inequality are estimated in important documents such as the Global Threat Report as significant as terrorism. The subject of this article is to examine the textual, institutional and global causes of the continuing income inequality in India, which has recorded a remarkable economic growth rate these days. In India, a set of factors including the roots of social system deficiencies, economic growth, globalization and its tools such as privatization and trade liberalization are among the main causes of continuing inequality in Indian society today, which seems to be a continuous process due to the priority of economic growth against the reduction of income inequality for different governments in this country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper empirically examines the combined effects of globalization and financial development on income inequality in a unified framework for an emerging economy. Using annual data for the Indian economy over the period 1980–2014, we show that the perceived benefits of globalization and financial development have not trickled down; rather, has aggravated income inequality. Our results also indicate that while inflation aggravates income inequality, education seems to alleviate the differential effect. Proactive measures in providing access to financial services, creating equitable employment opportunities, and improving the quality of education are required to offset the negative impacts of globalization and financial development on income disparity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Film, television, and music form a major domestic and export product in India. Whereas, in the past, content production has been restricted to professional producers, digital media platforms have drastically altered the landscape of content production in India. Through in-depth interviews of ten online content creators, the article describes motivations of online content creation in India. Discussion themes include professional activities, identity construction of creators, and quasi-corporate structures that are taking root in the democratized digital spaces in India. In doing so, the article challenges the notion of creators on social media as mere "amateurs" or "UGC" (user-generated content). Conclusions from this study suggest future research should take a more holistic approach to studying online content creators rather than classifying creators on the basis of platform affordances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper examines the effect of economic globalization on India's aggregate export performance during the period from 1995:M1 to 2016:M12. We use various macroeconomic variables such as export, relative price, nominal effective exchange rate (NEER), GDP per capita, and economic globalization. We employ Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to find out the long‐run equilibrium relationship among the variables considered. The empirical results indicate that there exists a long‐run equilibrium relationship between export, relative price, NEER, GDP per capita and economic globalization. Further, in the long run, we find that India's export performance is influenced by economic globalization, GDP per capita and relative price. However, in the short run, export performance is influenced by economic globalization, relative price, NEER and GDP per capita. In the short run, 1% increase in economic globalization will lead to increase in the volume of export by 0.77%; whereas, in the long run, it is 3.40%. Hence, sustainability of export in the long run is a matter of concern for policy makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the construction of new models of masculinity in men's lifestyle magazine advertising in India. Using textual analysis of advertisements, the study shows how certain kinds of western masculine ideals and body aesthetics are being adopted and reworked into advertising to appeal and facilitate consumption among middle and upper-class Indian men living in the urban centers of India. The contemporary construction of upper and aspirational middle-class masculinity includes size and hypermuscularity, fair skin/whiteness, and a view of self as global ethnic. These types of constructions help to globalize the male body and masculine ideal while also privileging whiteness and class in the local and global arena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All countries in the world formulate export policies to promote exports and enable manufacturing firms to compete in international markets. The firms are striving to achieve desired level of export performances with the support of export policies and commitment towards entering into international business along with various dimensions of innovations. Manufacturing industries search for one or the other strategy to market their products in global markets to survive under cut-throat competition. In international markets, a common export practice includes internationalization and innovation abilities of a company determines the export performances. The objective of the research is to find out whether international and innovation capabilities of auto components manufacturers has significant relationship with export performance. There are 88 auto component manufacturing companies were selected in south India to collect the data related to export performance. Linear regression analysis was uses to test the hypothesis formulated. The results revealed that gathering export market information, capable of using export market information, role of export mode, relationships & networks, flexible to modify firm resource base, develop new service, technological up-gradation, inhouse product designs, improvement in the existing products and re-align manufacturing system have found significant relationship with export performances of auto component manufacturing companies in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Informed by the social justice turn, this article highlights the often-overlooked voices and experiences of women working in technical and professional communication in the Global South, specifically in India. Using an apparent feminist frame, this article highlights the networked identities and forces of power at play that can marginalize Indian practitioners in globalized workplaces. Further, it seeks to understand the ways Indian women exercise and establish professional legitimacy by utilizing apparently feminist tactics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the significance of the trip abroad and its limits in two women-centric popular Hindi movies, English Vinglish (2012) and Queen (2014). The two movies are similar in that the female protagonist's trip is central to the plot, and as the female character leaves her middle-class Hindu family in India and experiences new environments and friendships in the West, she realizes and renegotiates both her own location and identity. In spite of these ventures, the female protagonist remains focused on gaining self-respect and loyal to the nation. As a result, the two women-centric popular Hindi movies remain limited in scope, assuming a shift in the Indian patriarchal system rather than challenging the framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the world faces a powerful backlash against hyper globalization in both economic and security domains that came to define the post-1991 era. Topics include India, like many nations decolonized in the middle of the 20th century, resisted the pressure to cede sovereignty in economic and security spheres; economic globalization and the nature of the American security role abroad are being intensely contested; and former Russian President Boris Yeltsin buried the Soviet Union and turned to building capitalism in Russia.

Does an individual's exposure to aspects of globalization impact their willingness to redistribute to the poor? We hypothesize that the "glitter" of foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries leads relatively better-off citizens to perceive that the poor now have more opportunities and are thereby less deserving of help. Findings from an experiment across three states in India reveal that subjects lower their financial support for the poor upon learning a foreign firm in a low-skilled sector is located in the vicinity. Text analysis of subjects' responses supports the mechanism underlying our hypothesis: FDI reduces support for redistribution when subjects believe that foreign firms offer the uneducated poor higher wages and increased job opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Similar to several ancient coastal/port cities of the world, the Indian subcontinent too had a number of them. The Poompuhar is one such port city established at the mouth of river Cauvery by the Chola dynasty 2000 years ago according to the literature and history. However, while later archaeological studies indicate its spread 20 km along the coast and up to 8 km inside the Bay of Bengal sea, the recent studies indicated its initial establishment over one of the Cauvery’s oldest deltas of 11,000–15,000-year-old at 30 km inside sea and the later shift to the present location. Now, the GEBCO-2019 and MBES based present study revealed the presence of a harbour and related structures in the above delta, resembling 6000–2000-year-old harbours of the world and the knowledge of the people in construction technology and marine environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this introduction to the special themed section, 'Theorizing transnational labour markets: economic‐sociological approaches', I introduce the reader to the topic and give an overview of the four contributions. The terms 'global labour market' and 'transnational labour market' are broadly used to account for contemporary social phenomena as diverse as the ever‐closer integration of China or India, with their huge labour forces, into the world economy, the off‐shoring of specific operations of MNCs to countries with cheap labour, or cross‐border labour migration. In most of these cases, the existence of global or transnational labour markets is taken for granted by the media, consulting agencies and other economic actors. However, scholars in labour market research and cross‐border migration alike have largely ignored the categories of global or transnational labour markets. Thus far, it remains unclear what these terms really mean and how we should address them theoretically. The aim of this themed section, therefore, is to view cross‐border labour migration through an economic‐sociological lens and thus bring into dialogue migration and labour market scholarship. By introducing a transnational perspective into labour market research, we hope to make a useful contribution towards theorizing on cross‐border labour markets and thereby overcome the methodological nationalism that seems to have crept into this area of scholarship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: As technical and professional communication (TPC) becomes increasingly networked, students must learn to work cross-culturally. However, these skills can be difficult to develop. We report on a service-learning project aimed at helping students write and design for an audience in India. About the case: The authors saw a need to provide course materials to practitioners in India that became an opportunity to involve students in global content creation. This teaching case reports on two courses designed collaboratively to teach design and communication skills through service-learning, while providing course content to Indian practitioners of TPC. Situating the case: Technical communication has a long history of teaching writing skills for the globalized workplace. Service-learning opportunities can engage students cross-culturally while encouraging them to think critically about audience awareness. This case extends the literature by reporting on how students learned principles of cross-cultural and accessible communication. Methods/approach: This study uses qualitative student reflection documents from two courses to answer questions about how service-learning opportunities shape student skills. Their responses illustrate the successes and failures in the course designs and provide strategies for instructors working on similar projects. Results/discussion: Students reported that their experiences helped them to think critically about audience awareness, synthesize skills in collaboration, engage flexibly with new technologies, and work through time constraints. Conclusion: We provide practical suggestions for implementing similar course designs at other institutions and information about implementing relevant technologies. It outlines adaptations for new teaching environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines the effects of globalization, financial development, economic growth, and energy consumption on environmental sustainability in India over the period 1980–2015. The novelty of the study is the assessment of environmental sustainability in a single framework encompassing globalization, financial development, and growth effects. Findings reveal that an increased level of globalization and financial development while improving economic performance are inimical to the sustainability of the environment. In the short-run, globalization, economic growth, and increased energy consumption are contributing directly to environmental degradation, while banking sector development is impacting environmental sustainability adversely through the economic growth channel. Given the severity of the findings amidst India's tryst with economic growth, proactive policies are warranted to encourage adaptation of greener and cleaner technologies in environmentally sustainable areas. This necessitates improved institutional quality encompassing stringent environmental standards, legal systems, property rights, corruption, financial information quality, etc., alongside the provision of incentives and subsidies to manufacturing firms undertaking technological innovations and complying with the environmental standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eventocracy, or rule by event, describes the strategic manipulation of media events to gain political advantage. This essay examines the eventocratic rise of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi from 2002 to 2014. It describes and analyzes four key events in this time period that served to establish Modi's popular base while cultivating an expanding political subjectivity around the ideologies of Hindu nationalism and economic globalization. Modi's story demonstrates how contemporary subjectivation works through the mediation of such critical events. I conclude with the question of what this link between media events and subjectivation portends in times of rising fascisms around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I foreground the granular movements that determine the ubiquitous nature of India's new media economy created by the advent of streaming media platforms and the emergence of regional online content creators in India. I argue that the increasing preference of Indian audiences to consume online content in their own language has led to a demand for 'regional' content, whereby streaming platforms and online creators are increasingly investing in 'non-Hindi' and 'non-English' language content to cater to the linguistically and culturally diverse Indian population. Through a primary focus on online content creation practices in Bengali and Marathi languages, the article explores their 'local', 'regional', 'transnational' and 'global' appeal, and subsequent blurring of boundaries between 'regionalization' and 'localization'. The remainder of the article focuses on the emerging diaspora of regional online content creators who are adopting distinct content strategies to develop relationships with online communities based on commonalities of language and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When it comes to states arming themselves, it has become axiomatic among scholars of comparative defence industries that go-it-alone production is no longer an option for most. The processes associated with defence-industrial globalization combined with the ever-rising costs of producing leading-edge weapons systems present huge disincentives for autarky in armaments. Against these strong headwinds, however, India has recently launched, as part of a broader, multi-sector initiative called Make in India, a renewed effort to achieve greater self-reliance in armaments production. This article first places India's recent defence indigenization efforts within wider discussions about states' armament strategies and trends in global arms production. Secondly, it contextualizes the drivers behind New Delhi's latest attempts to transform itself from leading arms importer to major producer (and significant exporter) against the backdrop of past efforts which have yielded little but disappointment. Third, it explicates the main facets of the current strategy for defence-industrial indigenization and gauges its chances for success. To preview the main findings, we argue that self-reliance in armaments via indigenous production will almost certainly continue to allude India because of systemic, structural and technological constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]