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The D allele has been identified as being linked to cardiovascular disease since the discovery of an insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the ACE gene, this polymorphism has been found to have significant associations with a variety of cardiovascular risk factors. Recent findings indicate a rising prevalence of metabolic disorders among rural populations in developing nations. Research on health matters has been predominantly focused on urban populations, with relatively less attention given to their rural counterparts Hence, the present study attempts to estimate the prevalence of ACE gene I/D polymorphism and explore its association with various cardiovascular risk factors among Rural Yadav population from India. In the present study, 207 (Male 47, Female 160) members of the Yadav community participated in the cross-sectional study. All the socio-demographic factors, somatometric (anthropometric) variables, and the intravenous blood was collected and Physiological (blood pressure), and biochemical (fasting glucose and lipid profile) parameters were measured as recommended by the American Heart Association, allele-specific PCR of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism was carried out, the PCR products were genotyped on 2% agarose gel Electrophoresis and ACE gene polymorphism was analysed for its association with various cardiovascular risk factors. Among the analysed individuals, 34 (16.4%) were found to have the II genotype, 58 (28.0%) had the ID genotype, and 115 (55.6%) had the DD genotype. The allele frequency of the I allele was found to be 0.31, and the frequency of the D allele was 0.69. The frequency of the DD genotype was found to be significantly higher among individuals with high TC, high TG, and low non-HDL levels (p value < 0.05). When considered collectively, the findings of this study are consistent with the hypothesis that the DD genotype of ACE polymorphism represents a correlation with cardiovascular disease risk factors in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Introduction: In absolute numbers, India has more undernourished people than all the countries in sub‐Saharan Africa combined. In parallel with the high rates of hunger and undernutrition, the country has been undergoing rapid demographic and dietary transition marked by an increased prevalence of overweight/obesity, particularly among women. Objective: To measure the changing prevalence of overnutrition during last two decades, as well as to identify the associated sociodemographic correlates among pregnant and non‐pregnant women in India. Methods: This was a cross‐sectional study based on data from the latest round of National Family Health Survey (2015–2016) conducted among urban and rural women. Participants were 687,876 women (655,850 non‐pregnant and 32,026 pregnant) aged between 15 and 49 years. Nutritional status was assessed in terms of body mass index (BMI) using the cut‐off for Asian population. Results: Since 1998–1999, the prevalence of underweight has decreased by 9.2%, while that of overweight (BMI = 23–27.4 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥ 27.5 kg/m2) has increased by 6.7% and 3.4%, respectively. Results of multivariable regression analysis revealed significant association between nutritional status and age, parity residency, educational level, religious affiliation, household wealth quintile, and TV watching behaviour. Of those, age and wealth status appeared to be the strongest predictors among both pregnant and non‐pregnant women. Conclusion: Since 1998, there has been a considerable drop in the prevalence of underweight and rise in the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Significant sociodemographic variations exist in nutritional status, notably age and financial situation, which should be highlighted in national nutrition policymaking and intervention programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the case study of the survey of the sail vaults of the main building of the Forest Research Institute in Dehradun. The building has been acquired with photogrammetric and laser scanner techniques during the Ground Based 3D Modelling (Photogrammetry and TLS) tutorial, at the ISPRS TC V Mid-term Symposium held in Dehradun, India in November 2018. The acquired data was then used for a structural evaluation of masonry vaults. The 3D model, built using the point cloud data, has been used in an open source finite element analysis software to develop a numerical model and comparative analyses have been carried out. The objective of numerical analysis is assessing both the benefits of structural meshes generated directly from point cloud data and the structural behaviour of the masonry vaults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:The prevailing focus regarding eating behaviour is on restriction, concern, worry and pathology. In contrast, the purpose of the present studies was to focus on a positive relationship with eating in non-clinical samples from Germany, the USA and India. Design:In Study 1, the Positive Eating Scale (PES) was tested and validated in a large longitudinal sample (T1:N = 772; T2:N = 510). In Study 2, the PES was tested in online samples from the USA, India and Germany (totalN = 749). Main Outcome Measures:Health risk status was measured in Study 1 with objective health parameters (fasting serum glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, waist circumference, BMI). Results:Study 1 revealed acceptable psychometric properties of the PES, internal consistency (α = .87), as well as test–retest reliability after six months (r = .67). Importantly, a positive relationship with eating was associated with decreased health risk factors six months later. In Study 2, the structure of the PES was confirmed for German, Indian and US-American adults, suggesting validity across remarkably different eating environments. Conclusion:A positive relationship with eating might be a fruitful starting point for prevention and intervention programmes promoting physical and psychological health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]