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Hybrid photovoltaic-thermal heat pump (PV/T-HP) solar energy systems are promising since they can achieve a system total efficiency greater than 80%. By maximizing the output of a PV/T system for simultaneous heating and cooling, this strategy can meet over 60% of urban households' heating needs and around 40% of their cooling needs. In this work, a novel PV/T evaporator was designed, fabricated, and an aluminium foil encapsulated hydrated salt (HS36) PCM was integrated with the PV/T evaporator of the PV/T direct expansion heat pump system (PV/T-DXHP). Energy analysis was carried out on the PV/T-DXHP system with PCM in tropical climate regions of India for achieving net zero energy buildings. The experimental study revealed that the average PV electricity efficiency was 14.17%, which is near the PV panel's STC value. The average thermal efficiency of the system was 104.38%, and the PV/T system's average overall efficiency was 117.58%. The heating and cooling COPs of the system were 5.73 and 4.62, respectively. It was concluded that net-zero energy buildings are possible with the help of photovoltaic heat pump systems that use PCM and solar energy to make electricity, cool spaces, and heat water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Performance of the bifacial PV module under different reflectors was analysed. • Performance of the bifacial PV module is better during PVC Flex as a reflector. • PVC flex and Thermocol have 20% and 8% better average performance ratios. • Bifacial PV module with PVC flex as reflector has a lifespan of 3.59 years. Bifacial photovoltaic modules (Bi-FM) generate more power compared to mono-facial modules (Mo-FM) even in diffused light conditions. Deployment of reflectors in Bi-FM increases the cost of implementation. The unique feature of this proposed work is that it utilizes waste material as reflectors. The cost of the reflective material is 10% of the total module cost, and the proposed work is economically viable due to waste reusability. In this work, three different non-biodegradable materials (polyvinyl chloride flex, thermocol, and aluminium foil) are reused as reflectors to improve their generation using Bi-FM. A detailed study is made using the waste materials as reflectors and the performance ratio is computed for different irradiation conditions observed across a day. The average performance ratio of thermocol and polyvinyl chloride flex is 20% and 8% respectively, higher than that of aluminium foil. Using a reflector made of PVC flex has a 3.59-year lifespan as compared to Bi-FM by employing a reflector made of aluminium foil. The deployment of non-biodegradable materials reduces the cost requirements. The proposed setup also increases the reusability of non-biodegradable waste materials as reflectors and improves the power generation of Bi-FM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Moringa oleifera Lam (Moringaceae) is a highly valued multipurpose herbal plant, native to India, grows in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is commonly known as 'drumstick tree' or 'horseradish tree'. Moringa can withstand both severe drought and mild frost conditions and hence widely cultivated across the world. The leaves are rich in minerals, vitamins and other essential phytochemicals. Extracts from the leaves are used to treat malnutrition, augment breast milk in lactating mothers. Methods: During the investigation different combinations like 0%, 18%, 20%, 22% and 24% of Moringa leaves powdered and were used for formulations respectively. Prepared Moringa leaves powder were mix with other spices to prepare instant soup powder. The formulation content 24% Moringa leaf (MLP4) powder was the better composition and more acceptable among the rest. Result: Proximate study of selected sample were found high in protein 13.67%, ash 9.79%, fibre 5.99% and low in fat 3.04% and energy value which make the developed soup as an appropriate choice to fulfill nutritional demand of consumers. Instant soup mixes packed in aluminium foil was found to be successfully stored for 90 days at room temperature without any major changes, in physicochemical, microbial and organoleptic parameters. Supplementation with Moringa leaf powder significantly enhanced the nutritional characteristics and had a reasonable amount of required nutrients, Hence the value added instant soup mix can also play a great role in attaining the nutritional security in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production cross-sections of the V 48 , S 47 c , S 46 c , and S 44 m c residues were measured in the proton induced T n a t i reactions using the stack foil activation technique followed by the off-line γ − r a y spectrometry. The present work was carried out at 14UD BARC-TIFR Pelletron accelerator, Mumbai, India. The proton beam of 22 MeV was used for the irradiation of the samples and was degraded along the stack of target foils using aluminum (Al) degraders. The measured cross-section data were compared with the existing literature data available in EXFOR data library. The results were also compared with the theoretical values from the TALYS-1.9 and the ALICE-2014 nuclear model codes using the suitable input level density models. The pre-equilibrium contribution has also been estimated for the populated reaction residues in the present work. The present work offers a comparison between the two theoretical model codes using a similar input level density model. The reaction product S 44 m c also has some practical medical applications in nuclear medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which investigates the phenology of bambusa species of betua, jai borua, and sil borua in Assam, India. The study randomly selected 25 clums for each age class and identified with numbered aluminum foil. It shows that branches of jai borua and sil borua during the elongation period of culms. It reveals that the appearance of leaf among the species were attributed to its physiological adaptability.

The article presents a study which examines the genetic variability of Dendrocalamus strictus and Bambusa bambos in the Central Western Ghats, India. The researchers have collected a total of 640 individuals for D. strictus and 810 for B. bambos. The samples were wrapped in aluminum foil, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and taken to the laboratory for isozyme extraction and analysis. The study shows that the two species exhibit a contrasting pattern in the distribution of genetic variability.