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Introduction: Surgical sutures play an important role in wound healing at surgical sites, which are susceptible to microbial infections. These sutures need to prevent bacterial adhesion and proliferation, particularly in areas exposed to oral fluids, to avoid contamination inside the wound. Antibiotic-coated sutures have shown effective antibacterial properties, and silver has emerged as a promising antimicrobial agent. Additionally, Aloe vera, a natural source of bioactive compounds, has been extensively studied for its antibacterial, antiviral, anti-tumour, and anti-inflammatory activities. Aim: To analyse the morphological, mechanical, and antibacterial properties of plain silk sutures compared to silk sutures coated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silk sutures coated with AgNPs and aloe vera extract. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro study was conducted in the White Lab of Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, over a one-month period from September 2022 to October 2022. The study included three groups, with three samples in each group. Group A consisted of plain silk sutures, Group B consisted of silk sutures coated with AgNPs, and Group C consisted of silk sutures coated with AgNPs and Aloe vera extract. Morphological and microanalytical characterisation was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Tensile strength was determined using straight-pull and knotpull tests, following the Instron® method, and knot efficiency. Antibacterial efficacy was evaluated using antimicrobial culture tests for the three groups. Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test to assess normality of continuous variables, followed by parametric tests of significance including paired t-tests and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results: The tensile strength, as determined by the straight-pull test, knot-pull test, and knot efficiency, was highest in Group C, followed by Group B and Group A (statistically significant, p-value<0.001 for straight-pull test, 0.038 for knot-pull test, and 0.002 for knot efficiency). Group B exhibited the highest antibacterial efficacy, followed by Group C, while Group A showed no antibacterial efficacy (statistically significant, p-value<0.001). Conclusion: This present pilot study suggests that both AgNPcoated and Aloe vera-coated sutures hold promise in preventing Surgical Site Infections (SSI) and promoting wound healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A documentary review was carried out on the production and publication of research papers related to the study of the variables Aloe Vera and Radiation Absorption. The purpose of the bibliometric analysis proposed in this document was to know the main characteristics of the volume of publications registered in the Scopus database during the period 2012-2022, achieving the identification of 18 publications. The information provided by this platform was organized through graphs and figures categorizing the information by Year of Publication, Country of Origin, Area of Knowledge and Type of Publication. Once these characteristics have been described, the position of different authors towards the proposed theme is referenced through a qualitative analysis. Among the main findings made through this research, it is found that India, with 11 publications, was the country with the highest scientific production registered in the name of authors affiliated with institutions of that nation. The Area of Knowledge that made the greatest contribution to the construction of bibliographic material referring to the study of the variables Aloe Vera and the absorption of radiation, was Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical with 6 published documents, the same presented under the theories of Chemistry. The most used Type of Publication during the period indicated above were Journal Articles with 61% of the total scientific production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Aloe is an economically important medicinal genus • It has nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic uses • There has been growing research interest in Aloe species in the last two decades • A bibliometric analysis of literature (2001–2020) on the genus Aloe is presented • Recent research reports on the biological activities of the genus are summarized The genus Aloe has attracted considerable research attention in the last two decades owing to its ethnomedicinal, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical importance. This review aimed to evaluate the performance of research outputs, identify evolving trends and research hotspots, and present a detailed summary of recent research reports on the biological and clinical activities of Aloe species of the last two decades. Two databases (Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection) were searched to identify relevant literature on Aloe species spanning 2001 to 2020. The search and retrieval approaches were TITLE-ABS-KEY (Aloe) and TS (Biological AND Activit*). RStudio Inc. 1.1.463 and VOSviewer 1.6.15 were used to analyze the main bibliometric indicators such as annual publication evolution and trend, contributing authors, articles, countries, journals, collaborative network, and thematic domains. Information on biological and clinical activities was retrieved from relevant articles from January 2001 to September 2021 from different databases. A total of 8192 documents were retrieved. The number of publications in the study period showed an increasing trend, with a mean annual growth rate of 5%. India was the most productive country and had the greatest collaborative strength on Aloe research. Articles were predominantly published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Gideon F. Smith made the most significant contributions to Aloe research. Three thematic research domains were identified: (i) pharmacological/toxicological studies, (ii) traditional/medicinal uses, and (iii) nutraceutical and cosmetic studies. Recent biological investigations were mainly in vitro and in vivo and focused on antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, wound-healing, antimalarial, antioxidant, analgesic, laxative, anti-erythema, and anti-skin wrinkling effects. The majority of human clinical investigations in the last two decades have been conducted using A. vera leaf gel. The results from the biological activities confirm that Aloe is indeed a promising medicinal genus. However, there is a need for more clinical trials to be conducted on different species and isolated bioactive compounds in this genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Pulpotomy is the complete removal of the coronal part of the dental pulp, followed by the application of an appropriate dressing or medicament to promote healing and maintain the viability of the teeth in the dental arch. Aloe vera has anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial properties which can be used as a pulpotomy medicament. Simvastatin, a lipid-lowering medication has recently emerged as a potential medicament in regenerative dentistry. It has an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Hence, it can be used as a pulpotomy medicament. Aim: To evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of Aloe Vera paste and Simvastatin paste as pulpotomy medicament against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. faecalis Materials and Methods: An in-vitro study will be conducted in Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry at Sharad Pawar Dental College, Wardha, Maharashtra, India, in which Aloe Vera paste and Simvastatin paste will be prepared in an aseptic environment. The antimicrobial activity of simvastatin paste and Aloe Vera paste against E.faecalis and pseudomonas will be assessed using the agar diffusion method. It will be cultured overnight in brain heart infusion broth. On blood agar media, pseudomonas aeruginosa will be inoculated. 4 mm wells will be punched out on plates with a puncher and will be instantly loaded with freshly customised test materials. The agar plates shall then be incubated in an incubator at 37°C for 24 hours and 72 hours before being analysed. Statistical analysis will be done using Chi-square test, ANOVA test and multiple comparision 2k test. Expected Results: Aloe Vera and Simvastatin in the paste form shall be able to show its antimicrobial efficacy as a pulpotomy medicament. Conclusion: Aloe Vera paste and Simvastatin paste shall provide antimicrobial efficacy against E. faecalis and pseudomonas and prove to be a better pulpotomy medicament for primary teeth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes is a significant public health issue. The global diabetes epidemic has had a tremendous impact on India, and the disease burden has increased dramatically. Diabetes is quickly increasing in prevalence, especially in Indian cities, according to data. Therefore, an ideal drug is sought that has better safety and tolerability and the most effective control of diabetes. Many effective medications come from plant sources. Natural products like onion and garlic can effectively control diabetes. In this review, we should pay attention to Aloe vera and its bioactive compounds, that with the development of traditional medicine, Aloe vera can be used to treat various diseases. Some reports have questioned the safety and efficacy of Aloe vera or its compounds, especially at different doses, and some studies have shown no side effects. In this review we also focus on benefits on human health so that Aloe vera is part of the daily diet in many countries and appears to be non-toxic, it is necessary to investigate whether aloe vera dietary supplement can be a beneficial preventive or nutritional mitigation strategy to reduce the effects of diabetes. This review focuses on Aloe vera and its biologically active compounds that play a role in the treatment or prevention of this morbid disease: diabetes, including its underlying mechanism of blood sugar lowering properties, and herbal products that have been marketed for the treatment of diabetes or the therapeutic effect of diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder of the oral cavity commonly prevalent in India and other southeastern countries where consumption of areca nut is predominated. As it has significant morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential. At present, none of the treatment modalities offers a complete cure for the diseases. Thus, in the search of newer treatment modalities, various Ayurvedic medicines have been studied in recent years. The present review aims to summarize the role of Aloe vera for the treatment of OSMF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to identify, analyze and select the enablers for vertical integration of Aloe vera supply chain (AVSC) so that rural employability will be enhanced in the context of Rajasthan, India. Design/methodology/approach: Interpretive structural modeling (ISM) was proposed to develop a structural model to identify the right enablers for enhancing the rural employability and business prospects. Also, fuzzy-matrix cross-reference multiplication applied to classification (F-MICMAC) was applied to segregate the enablers into four clusters on the basis of their driving and dependence power. Finally, the significant enablers were selected. Findings: Out of identified 13 enablers, three enablers (i.e. institute for training and research, transportation infrastructure and government incentives for value addition) were appearing at the bottom of the ISM structural model and also in the driving quadrant of driver-dependent diagram. Therefore, they are the significant enablers for vertical integration of AVSC to enhance the rural employability in the context of Rajasthan, India. Research limitations/implications: The interactions among enablers are not statistically validated. However, the empirical analysis and total interpretive structural modeling may be used for this purpose. Practical implications: The outcomes of the study will provide the guidelines for implementation of vertical integration at the village level to enhance rural employability in the context of Rajasthan, India in specific. Originality/value: Although a few studies have been reported in the literature related to value-addition process (vertical integration), but the modeling of enablers to segregate and identify the appropriate enablers for vertical integration of AVSC for enhancing employability at the rural areas is unique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) a condition first described in the 1950s in the modern literature still remains elusive of a cure. For many years this condition had been confined to countries like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, etc., but now this condition is being reported from Western countries as well. Inspite of intensive research over the years into the etiologic factors of OSMF, a single etiologic factor cannot be pointed out with certainty rather several causative factors have been proposed. Patients suffering with OSMF initially present with a blanched or marble-like pale mucosa, vesiculations, and also intolerance to hot and spicy food. Gradually, the patient may develop fibrous bands in the buccal and labial mucosa which causes a restriction in opening the mouth. The evidence for the various treatment modalities for OSMF is weak hence better documentation of the studies performed with standardized criteria is required. The current review aims to refresh our knowledge regarding OSMF from an Indian perspective and make a few suggestions to fill the lacunae in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leaf spot disease ofA. verawas observed in nurseries of Gwalior city afterthe post-rainy season. As the disease progressed, the tip of the leaf shrank, then dried and eventually broke. The causal agent was identified asPhoma betaeA.B. Frank. This is the first report of leaf spot disease onAloe veracaused byP. betaein India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnobotanical survey was undertaken to collect information from traditional healers on the use of medicinal plants in Cuddalore district of Tamil nadu during October 2009-April 2010. The indigenous knowledge of local traditional healers having practical knowledge of plants in medicine were interviewed in 20 villages and native plants used for medicinal purposes were collected through questionnaire and personal interviews during field trips. A total of 30 plant species are documented in this study. The medicinal plants used by tribal are listed with botanical name, family, local name, parts used, mode of preparation and administration. The documented medicinal plants were mostly used to cure skin disease, poison bites, stomachache and nervous disorders, cough, fever, body pain, jaundice, rheumatism, dysentery and headache. The important plants used by them are Adhatoda vasica, Achyranthes aspera, Phyllanthus niruri, Aegle marmelos, Aloe barbadensis, Hemidesmum indicus, Andrographis paniculata and Pongamia pinnata etc… This study showed that many people in the studied parts of Cuddalore district still continue to depend on medicinal plants at least for the treatment of primary healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Aloe barbadensis Mill. Syn. Aloe vera Tourn. ex Linn.(Liliaceae) has been used in variety of diseases in traditional Indian system of medicine in India and its use for hepatic ailments is also documented. In the present study an attempt has been made to validate its hepatoprotective activity. The shade dried aerial parts of Aloe barbadensis were extracted with petroleum ether (AB-1), chloroform (AB-2) and methanol (AB-3). The plant marc was extracted with distilled water (AB-4). All the extracts were evaluated for hepatoprotective activity on limited test models as hexobarbitone sleep time, zoxazolamine paralysis time and marker biochemical parameters. AB-1 and AB-2 were observed to be devoid of any hepatoprotective activity. Out of two active extracts (AB-3 and AB-4), the most active AB-4 was studied in detail. AB-4 showed significant hepatoprotective activity against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity as evident by restoration of serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin and triglycerides. Hepatoprotective potential was confirmed by the restoration of lipid peroxidation, glutathione, glucose-6-phosphatase and microsomal aniline hydroxylase and amidopyrine N-demethylase towards near normal. Histopathology of the liver tissue further supports the biochemical findings confirming the hepatoprotective potential of AB-4. The present study shows that the aqueous extract of Aloe barbadensis is significantly capable of restoring integrity of hepatocytes indicated by improvement in physiological parameters, excretory capacity (BSP retention) of hepatocytes and also by stimulation of bile flow secretion. AB-4 did not show any sign of toxicity up to oral dose of 2g/kg in mice [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

[Display omitted] • Aloe juice and gel possess various neutraceutical and pharmaceutical properties. • Agricultural practices has been optimized for obtaining higher yield and better quality. • Optimized irrigation regime, planting techniques and age of offsets provides maximum quantity of gel and juice. • Economics of cultivation is marked out with respect of different agri-practices. Aloe vera [ Aloe barbadensis (Miller)] is an important medicinal plant that belongs to the family Asphodelaceae (Liliaceae) with versatile properties. Aloe vera cultivation has accomplished economic significance because of its ever-increasing demand in the cosmetic, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. Many researchers have done notable research work on its pharmaceutical and other properties. Still, suitable agricultural practices for getting high yield at a low cost of cultivation in the subtropical region are meager. Field experiments were performed at the research farm of CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, in two consecutive years, 2016–2018. A study was conducted to optimize the irrigation regimes (rainfed, 20 ± 5% available soil moisture (ASM), and 40 ± 5% available soil moisture), planting methods (flat, ridge, and raised bed planting), and age of offsets (30, 60, and 90 days old) under sub-tropical region of north India for enhancing the yield of aloe vera leaves and marketable produces for sustainable agriculture and better resource use efficiency. The results revealed that maximum fresh leaves (60.6 t ha−1), gel (25.8 t ha−1), and juice yield (22.7 t ha−1) were obtained when the crop was irrigated at 20 % available soil moisture in raised bed planting method and 60 days old offsets were used for planting. However, maximum water productivity (21.5 g L−1) was recorded in rainfed conditions under the ridge bed planting method, which is statistically at par with the water productivity under raised bed planting method in the same irrigation regime, i.e., rainfed condition with for 60 days old aloe offsets. Best monitory returns, i.e., maximum gross ($2452.5 ha−1) and net return ($1952.0 ha−1), were also computed in the treatment combination of raised bed planting method, 20 % available soil moisture and 60 days old offsets. Thus, planting of 60 days old offsets on the raised beds by providing irrigation at 20 % available soil moisture throughout the cropping period is a suitable treatment combination for getting higher yield, water productivity and monetary returns for aloe vera cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Kumaryasava (KS) is a marketed Ayurvedic formulation containing Aloe vera as the main ingredient. It has been used widely for the treatment of liver disorders; however, there is a lack of modern scientific data on hepatoprotection. The recommended dose of KS is high and up to 60 mL/day. The present study describes the preparation of new KS concentrate and evaluation of comparative hepatoprotective activity of KS and prepared KS concentrate at one-third of KS dose against CCl4-induced hepatic toxicity. Materials and Methods: Animals were divided into different groups (n = 6). The first group received normal saline (control) 1.0 mL/Kg/day p.o. for 10 days. The second group (toxicant) was given normal saline 1.0 mL/Kg/day p.o. for 10 days with CCl4 in olive oil (1:1 v/v) at 1.0 mL/Kg/day p.o. Third, fourth, and fifth groups received KS, KS concentrate and a marketed formulation as standard) at doses of 5.0 mL/Kg/day p.o., 1.6 mL/Kg/day p.o., and 100 mL/Kg/day p.o. (tablet suspended in water using 0.1% carboxymethyl cellulose) respectively for 10 days along with CCl4 as given to the toxicant group. On the 11th day, blood was withdrawn from retro-orbital plexus and serum was separated for biochemical estimation of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and albumin levels. Later, animals were sacrificed under high dose of anesthesia to remove liver tissue, which were removed and washed with ice cold saline for the estimation of lipid peroxidation. Liver tissue from each group was also fixed in 10% formalin for histopathological analysis. Results: Results demonstrated that both KS and KS concentrate showed the protection against CCl4-induced hepatic toxicity. This was evident from the reduction in serum SGOT, SGPT, ALP levels, and elevation in serum albumin levels observed post treatment of CCl4 treated rats with KS and KS concentrate, which were supported by histopathological data. Conclusion: KS concentrate can be a useful hepatoprotective formulation which may help in reducing the high dose of KS to approximately one-third of the recommended dose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cosmeceuticals are the hybrid of the herbal drug or pharmaceutical and cosmetics where one or more bioactive ingredients are incorporated in the cosmetic base to improve or alter the function of the skin and hairs and not just for beautifying the skin. Novel ingredients from plant sources are in huge demand for cosmeceutical applications due to the growing consumer awareness about healthy products that are less harmful. As herbal drug represents numerous phytochemicals, the biological activity of such phytoconstituents decides its application in cosmeceuticals such as sun protection, anti-ageing, anti-wrinkle, skin whitening, color cosmetics, anti-acne, hair conditioning etc. These natural cosmeceutical products improve the functioning/texture of the skin by boosting collagen growth, by eradicating harmful effects of free radicals, maintaining keratin structure in good condition and making the skin healthier. Herbal Cosmeceuticals have acclaimed its most fascinating position in skin care products across the globe. AsIndia has inherent potential of natural resources, cosmeceuticals market is the fastest growing sectors of natural personal care industry in India. ThoughHerbs like Aloe Vera, Turmeric, Neem, Manjishtha are already being used in Indian Herbal cosmeceuticals products, less number of patents are filed at the Indian patent bank than that observed in American and European patent bank. Thus there is much scope of herbal drug in the cosmeceuticals and it has much more potential to be patented in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Alendronate (ALN) has antiresorptive and osteostimulative properties. The major component of aloe vera (AV) gel is acemannan, which has been found to have osteogenic properties. The aim of the present study is to explore the effectiveness of 1% ALN and AV gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in chronic periodontitis patients with class II furcation defects., Methods: Ninety volunteers were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: (a) SRP plus placebo gel; (b) SRP plus 1% ALN gel; and (c) SRP plus AV gel. Clinical and radiographic parameters were recorded at baseline and at 6 and 12 months., Results: The mean probing depth reduction and relative horizontal clinical attachment level (CAL) and relative vertical CAL gains were greater in the ALN group than in the AV and placebo groups at 6 and 12 months. Furthermore, a significantly greater mean percentage of defect depth reduction (DDR) was found in the ALN group (38.09 ± 9.53, 44.86 ± 6.29) than the AV groups (11.94 ± 15.10, 14.59 ± 25.49) at 6 and 12 months, respectively., Conclusion: ALN showed significant improvement in all clinical parameters, along with greater DDR, compared to AV in the treatment of class II furcation defects as an adjunct to SRP., (© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)

Abstract: In India, indigenous remedies have been used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus since the time of Charaka and Sushruta. Plants have always been an exemplary source of drugs and many of the currently available drugs have been derived directly or indirectly from them. The ethnobotanical information reports that about 800 plants may possess anti-diabetic potential. Out of several Indian medicinal plants 33 plants were reviewed. The most effective antidiabetic Indian medicinal plants are Acacia arabica, Aegle marmelose, Agrimonia eupatoria, Allium cepa, Allium sativum, Aloe vera, Azadirachta indica, Benincasa hispida, Beta vulgaris, Caesalpinia bonducella, Citrullus colocynthis, Coccinia indica, Eucalyptus globules, Ficus bengalenesis, Gymnema sylvestre, Hibiscus rosasinesis, Ipomoea batatas, Jatropha curcus, Mangifera indica, Momordica charantia, Morus alba, Mucuna pruriens, Ocimum sanctum, Pterocarpus marsupium, Punica granatum, Syzigium cumini, Tinospora cordifolia, Trigonella foenum graecum. A wide array of plant derived active principles representing numerous chemical compounds has demonstrated activity consistent with their possible use in the treatment of diabetes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This article reports on the first case of leaf rot disease of Aloe vera in India. The disease was serious when abundant moisture was available through irrigation and/or rain. The symptoms started as watersoaked lesions at the base of leaves. The rotting progressed very fast and the whole plant died within 2-3 days. As rotting progressed, the leaf epidermis bulged out due to gas formation and the leaf content was converted to a slimy mass, which was eventually released. The bacterium was identified as Pectobacterium chrysanthemi on the basis of quantitative fatty acid methyl ester analysis and metabolic profiling.

Background: In the present investigation, the effect of Aloe vera gel powder on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, extent of proteolysis during fermentation and survival of Lactobacillus casei NCDC19 during storage of fermented milk was studied., Results: Among the different cultures screened for ACE inhibitory activity, Lactobacillus casei NCDC 19 exhibited the highest ACE inhibition (approx. 40%) as well as extent of proteolysis (0.37, Abs₃₄₀). In the presence of Aloe vera (0.5% and 1% w/v) an increase in extent of proteolysis (0.460 ± 0.047 and 0.480 ± 0.027) and percent ACE inhibitory activity (44.32 ± 2.83 and 47.52 ± 1.83) was observed in comparison to control. Aloe vera powder addition also led to an increase in viable counts (>11 log cfu mL⁻¹) of L. casei NCDC 19 in fermented milk during storage for 7 days and the counts were maintained in sufficiently higher numbers., Conclusion: The study suggests Aloe vera to be a good functional ingredient which can be further explored for different health attributes., (© 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.)