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During the coldest periods of the Pleistocene, parts of the Iberian Peninsula were favorable to the establishment of forest refuges. It is therefore essential to characterize them and study their evolution, in order to gain a better understanding of the territories occupied by prehistoric societies during these same periods. In this article, we propose to revisit the regional study of environmental changes in eastern Spain around the LGM, through the analysis of the isotopic signal (δ13C) of Solutrean charcoal from Abrigo de la Boja and Cova de les Cendres (ca. 24,500–19,500 cal. BP). The first application of this approach to the Iberian Pleistocene will not only allow us (i) to clarify environmental changes at the two sites and their synchronicity with the North Atlantic influences of this period, but also (ii) to discuss the presence of more or less marked forest refuges in relation to the evolution of regional climatic contrasts. • New resolution on the environmental signal from the LGM on the Iberian Peninsula. • Adaptability of the isotopic approach (δ13C) to the type of anthracological deposit. • Synchronous comparison of charcoal isotope signals on a regional scale. • Relationship between forest refugia and climatic and Mediterranean influences. • Ongoing reflection on the evolution of regional contrasts in the Mediterranean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]