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Sarcocystis is one of the most prevalent parasites of the livestock and the infections in the intermediate hosts are mainly asymptomatic. The main aim of this study was to develop a sensitive antemortem serodiagnostic test Dot-ELISA for bovine sarcocystosis. The Dot-ELISA was optimized by using 1ng of particulate bradyzoite antigen (1.5% formalin fixed) per dot,1:32 dilution of serum and 1:100 dilution of Rabbit anti bovine IgG HRPO conjugate. The efficacy of this test was compared with Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Technique (IFAT) by using 45 known positive and 42 known negative sera. The sensitivity and specificity of Dot-ELISA was found to be 86.66% and 88.88% respectively and for IFAT the sensitivity was 83.33% and specificity was 100%. The standardized Dot-ELISA was used to screen 232 bovine sera (151 cattle, 81 buffaloes) collected from areas in and around Hyderabad, India which showed an overall prevalence of 82.75%. Around 143 out of 151 cattle and 49 out of 81 buffaloes were found positive indicating 94.7% and 60.49% of prevalence respectively. Dot-ELISA was found to be quite sensitive and inexpensive test to screen the animals at slaughter house or herd level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To identify the organisms causing respiratory diseases in dogs that belongs to areas in and around Hyderabad city. Materials and Methods: Nasal samples were collected using sterile swabs from the canine clinical cases that were presented with the history of respiratory diseases at the University administered Veterinary Hospital, Bhoiguda, Secunderabad and Campus Veterinary Hospital, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad over a period of 26 months i.e., from October 2008 to November 2010. Clinical signs included coughing, nasal discharge, sneezing, difficulty in breathing, fever, loss of appetite and lethargic behavior. Nasal swabs were immediately transferred, aseptically, into a nutrient broth and were subjected to various cultural tests and microscopic examination. Results: Out of 90 nasal samples, different species of bacteria were isolated. Results from our bacterial culture, microscopic and biochemical studies of the nasal discharges collected from dogs suffering with respiratory diseases revealed various bacteria such as E. coli, Klebsiella spp, Streptococci spp. Staphylococci and mixed infections. Conclusion: This study revealed that the bacteria such as E. coli, Klebsiella spp, Streptococci spp. Staphylococci and mixed infections are the common causative agents that lead to respiratory diseases in dogs belonging to areas in and around Hyderabad city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]