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Purpose: To evaluate the effect of basal serum testosterone levels on the ovarian response and the cumulative live birth rate of infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Methods: It is a retrospective study in a university-affiliated assisted reproduction center in Hong Kong. Infertile women undergoing the first IVF cycle in the center between December 2012 and November 2016 with archived serum samples and available information on cumulative live birth were included for the analysis. Results: A total of 1122 women were included for analysis. The median basal serum testosterone level was 0.53 (25–75th percentile: 0.40–0.67) nmol/L. Women with higher basal serum testosterone levels required a lower total dosage of gonadotrophin and a shorter duration of stimulation and had more oocytes retrieved. The cumulative live birth rates did not differ among women with serum testosterone levels in the four quartiles. Basal serum testosterone level was not a significant independent predictor of the cumulative live birth after adjusted for the women's age and number of normally fertilized oocytes in a binary logistic regression. The areas under the receiver operative characteristics (ROC) curves in predicting low or high ovarian response and the cumulative live birth were all below 0.6. Conclusion: Higher basal serum testosterone levels were associated with a better ovarian response but had no effect on the cumulative live birth rate of infertile women undergoing IVF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a well-established method to treat various causes of infertility. Some previous retrospective studies suggested a lower ovarian response in Asian women compared to Caucasian women. However, the ovarian stimulation regimens were not standardized, potentially confounding the findings. The objective of this study is to compare the number of oocytes obtained after ovarian stimulation between Chinese and Caucasian women undergoing IVF using a standardized stimulation regimen. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study conducted in two tertiary IVF units in Hong Kong, China and Sydney, Australia from October 2016 to August 2019. A total of 192 women aged 18–42 years with a body weight > 60 kg underwent IVF with a standard ovarian stimulation regimen of 150 micrograms corifollitropin alfa (Elonva®) followed by 200 IU follitropin beta (Puregon®) per day. The number of oocytes retrieved in Chinese women treated in the Hong Kong center was compared to that of Caucasian women treated in the Australian center. Results: Serum AMH levels were similar between the two groups. Although women in the Chinese cohort were older and had a higher body mass index (BMI), longer duration of infertility and lower antral follicle count (AFC) than those in the Caucasian cohort in this study, no differences in the number of oocytes retrieved [11 (8–17) vs. 11 (6–17), p=0.29], total dosage and duration of stimulation and number of follicles aspirated were noted between the two ethnic cohorts. The peak estradiol level was greater in Chinese women than in Caucasian women. After controlling for age, BMI and AFC, ethnicity was a significant independent determinant of the number of oocytes obtained. Conclusions: Chinese women had a higher number of oocytes after ovarian stimulation using a standardized stimulation regimen compared with Caucasian women undergoing IVF after controlling for age, BMI, AFC and AMH despite presenting later after a longer duration of infertility. Trial registration number: NCT02748278 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Increasing preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) cycles are being performed in Hong Kong. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and ethical consideration of Chinese couples toward PGT. Methods: Couples requesting PGT between June 2013 and March 2014 were invited to complete a questionnaire. Results: Total 49 couples (49 women, 47 men) completed the questionnaires. Eighteen couples (37%) were waiting for PGT (pre‐PGT group), 15 couples (31%) were undergoing PGT (PGT group) and 16 couples (32%) had completed at least one PGT cycle (post‐PGT group). Only 53% of the couples could tell the recurrent risk, and 31% (with monogenic disorders) could tell the mode of inheritance of their condition. The acceptability of PGT (>80%) and attitude toward the embryo fate (58–78%) were good. The post‐PGT group had more concern than the PGT and pre‐PGT groups on the prenatal diagnostic testing (**P = 0.007). 12.5% of the couples worried about the transfer of healthy embryos with carrier state and they all had monogenic disorders. If the prenatal testing confirmed an affected fetus, a higher percentage (32%) in the Post‐PGT group disagreed to terminate the pregnancy in contrast to a much lower 6% in the pre‐PGT group (**P = 0.02). Three‐quarter of the couples opted to tell their child about their conception through PGT. Conclusion: Chinese couples in Hong Kong had an overall good acceptability and positive attitude toward PGT. We appreciate the difficulties the couples have gone through PGT. A checklist on what to cover pre‐during‐post‐PGT in the counseling process is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]