In Vietnam, under a population aging background, "elderly caregiver" is the prominent topic. Concerned with this, the traditional filial value has emerged. Traditionally, the filial piety profoundly influenced by agricultural tradition, Confucianism, Buddhism, has been the foundation of intergenerational bond and family-based eldercare. This paper's goal is to explore how filial value has shaped eldercare culture, how its expressions have been expressed and how it has impacted the new type of elderly care institutions in Vietnam today. My findings revealed that filial piety has been persistently and profoundly remained. Based on this, although the care institutions began to be introduced and evaluated as necessary, their role is limited and subordinate. Accordingly, to consider the long-term elderly care system today in Vietnam, it is necessary to comprehensively explore the filial piety tradition. Through it, the family concept, the religious concept, the gender norm of Vietnamese people could be also observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]