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This paper deals with the development of tests concerning mountain pastures in the Harz during the year 1950-2000. Main subject at the beginning was the yield increase and the improvement of the feed quality. But during the seventieth the point of main emphasis changed to poly functional tests. These included erosion prevention and the preserving of potable water quality as well as of the species variety of mountain pastures. We were able to prove, that with a fertilization of 40-60kg N/ha a 50kg K/ha and 32kg P/ha both, a crop of 50-70dt/ha hay was possivle and simultaneously the preserving of the species variety. It is also possible to regenerate the former excessive fertilized pastures. Moreover the actual situation of mountain green lands is discussed. At present utilization and conservation are possivle only with promotion. Variants for pasture management including the preservation of the species variety and requiring little expenditure are described. Various efforts will be necessary in future to preserve the mountain pasture in respect to its meaning as a natural and cultural heritage. The likely future changes of the landscape namely the recession of mountain pastures for the benefit of woodland are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]