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This paper presents a framework for decomposition of changes in farm profitability with regards to structural, activity and intensity (efficiency) effects. The Index Decomposition Analysis (IDA) is adapted for isolation of the effects of profit margin, asset turnover, leverage, capital intensity and structure. The proposed approach complements the regression-based analysis as the IDA allows combining data from different levels of aggregation and taking the structural change into account. The Shapley value is applied to facilitate the decomposition. The proposed model is applied to the case of Greek farms for 2010–2017. Besides from the theoretical contribution to analysis of the farm profitability, this paper is first to evaluate the financial performance of Greek farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy policy affects the functioning of the economic and financial systems of countries worldwide. This paper provides a theoretical overview of the economy–energy nexus and discusses the particular cases of the energy policy dynamics amid the sustainability goals. This paper integrates multiple perspectives on the energy–economy nexus, with a particular focus on the energy trilemma, 4As of energy security and PESTEL approach. This allows the development of a comprehensive framework for the analysis of energy security and the sustainability interaction. A review of manifestations of the different dimensions of energy security and sustainability is carried out to identify the most topical facets of the issue. Then, the cases of the selected European Union countries (Ireland, Greece, Denmark and Lithuania) are presented to highlight the effects and features of the recent energy policy changes there. Indeed, these countries apply a PSO levy mechanism on electricity tariffs and are diverse in their geopolitical situation, economic development, geographical situation and energy dependency level. The analysis of the situations of such different countries applying the PSO levy mechanism makes it possible to perform a broader and more in-depth assessment and comparison of electricity tariff regulations. Thus, the developed theoretical model is applied to identify the major outcomes of the energy policy regimes (with a focus on tariff regulation) in the selected countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creation of sustainable society and transition to low-carbon energy system are the main priorities of the EU policy. Energy poverty (EP) is one of the most important social problems linked to low-carbon transition as creation of carbon neutral societies requires to address other important sustainability issues linked with carbon-free future. Although assessment of EP is a prerequisite for designing policy initiatives to alleviate the problem. The article provides a methodological framework for the EP assessment taking into account goals of low-carbon energy transition and creation of sustainable carbon-neutral society. The proposed evaluation tool can be applied in different settings and used to track the relative progress of the countries in pursuing low-carbon transition and sustainable societies development. The Bellagio Sustainability Assessment and Measurement Principles (STAMP) were followed throughout the process of indicators selection and assessment. In order to determine countries' achievements over time, the assessment was performed in 2010 and 2018 by applying two multi-criteria techniques. The results show that the Nordic countries stand out from other EU member states in terms of just low-carbon energy transition progress because of their low poverty indicators in households, high standard of living, and high share of renewable energy. • An innovative approach based on the Bellagio STAMP and multi-criteria techniques was developed. • Multi-criteria analysis and expert survey were applied for energy poverty measurement in the EU. • Sweden and Finland and other Nordic countries have received the highest ranking. • The lowest in the ranking was Bulgaria, following by Cyprus and Greece. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]