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In the present study, we aimed to compare the efficacy, tolerability, cardiovascular stability and recovery profile of propofol-thiopentone admixture with propofolketamine admixture in patient undergoing short surgical procedures. Sixty ASA grade I and II patients, age group 20-50 years of either sex scheduled for elective ambulatory surgical procedures were included. Patients were randomly allocated in two groups. Patients in group PT(n=30) were induced with admixture containing 10 ml of 1% propofol and 10 ml of 2.5% thiopentone and in group PK(n=30) were induced with admixture containing 10 ml of 1% propofol and 10 ml of 0.5% ketamine till loss of verbal response. Top up doses for maintenance were given as 2ml aliquots of the study drug. Induction dose and total maintenance dose of the drug, pain on injection, episode of apnoea, incidence of laryngospasm, bronchospasm, cough, hiccup and emergence phenomenon were recorded. Patients were monitored for pulse rate, non-invasive systolic and diastolic blood pressure through out the procedure. Recovery and discharge time was recorded. Induction and total maintenance dose of propofol was significantly high in group PT as compare to group PK. Patients in group PK have more stable haemodynamic profile as compare to patients of group PT. Incidence of side effects like apnoea and pain on injection were more in patients of group PT. The recovery and discharge time of the patients of both groups were comparable so it was concluded that combination of propofol and ketamine gives better efficacy and tolerability in terms of dose requirement, cardiovascular stability, less frequent side effects without affecting discharge profile as compare to propofol and thiopentone admixture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intrathecal neostigmine had been used in various doses to produce analgesia without neurotoxicity in both animal and human studies. The present study was conducted using 50µg intrathecal neostigmine methylsulphate with 12.5mg bupivacaine (0.5% heavy) for optimum duration of post-operative analgesia with minimal side effects. In this study 100 patients belonging to ASA physical status I and II, age 20-70 years of either sex scheduled for elective lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries under spinal anaesthesia were included. Patients were randomly allocated in two groups: group I (n=50, control) received 2.5ml bupivacaine + 0.5ml of normal saline and group II (n=50, test) received 2.5ml bupivacaine +0.5ml of neostigmine (50µg). Time of onset of sensory and motor block, highest level of block, duration of analgesia and side effects like hypotension, bradycardia, nausea, vomiting, etc were recorded. Onset time of sensory and motor block was much faster In bupivacaine and neostigmine group as compared to bupivacaine group. Patients were pain free for average 6-7 hours with bupivacaine and neostigmine as compared to 3-4 hours with bupivacaine. It was concluded that intrathecal neostigmine in the dose of 50µg provide post-operative analgesia for a period of 6-8 hours with lesser incidence of side effects of nausea and vomiting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]