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Introduction: Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have rapidly brought the application of artificial intelligence into widespread use. Among many different use cases for text generation and processing, one application is the extraction of data from existing documents and conversations for simplified and automated form-filling., Objective: In the field of quality assurance and documentation of cancer diseases, there is currently a significant workload involved in transferring data under various aspects into slightly varying formats and applying interpretations such as the TNM classification of tumours. However, there is a lack of trials with real data to assess the applicability of LLM-supported processes in this area, which would enable an evaluation of efficiency and practicality. This study aims to implement and assess such a trial., Methodology: A trial was conducted with N=153 privacy-compliant and ethics committee-cleared medical reports from 25 patients. Using the publicly available version of ChatGPT 4.0, an automated script was used to extract the date of initial diagnosis and common tumor classifications. The results were then individually checked for accuracy. Based on this, the utility of a simple system for guided support in tasks related to tumour documentation was assessed. Additionally, the approach was evaluated in terms of operational costs for the model and its applicability., Results: In summary, the study concludes that the use of generative AI in this field is promising and suitable as a tool even in an untrained state. In a simplified calculation, costs of 35 cents are offset by a value creation of 61,54 euros. However, it also becomes clear that AI can only act in a supportive role, and the correct integration with pre-made specific prompts and tools into the workflow is crucial for a relevant performance., Conclusion: The use of generative AI in the context of search, transfer, and interpretation tasks in the creation of tumor documentation is a promising approach. However, its implementation in practical applications must be closely monitored, and the optimal interaction between man and machine should continue to be evaluated and must be accompanied by tools and task-specific prompts., Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Guidelines play an increasing role in the health system. Guidelines are intended to provide guidance in the sense of ‟corridors for action and decision", whereby in certain justified cases actions can - or even must - deviate from them. "Cookbook medicine" is not the aim of guidelines.Guideline adherence can not necessarily be equated with guideline conformity. Adherence presumes an agreed treatment goal between patient and physician and focuses the behavior of the patient. Based on current studies on guideline adherence, the use of the term in studies on urological tumors is analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urologic cancer care needs to be prioritized despite multiple health care restrictions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, therapies and procedures may be delayed and complicated. In Germany, analysis of the multiple cancer registries provides insights into the actual numbers of treated patients. We provide a review on the registration of urologic cancer care during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany and on potential surgical complications of urologic interventions. We found that during the year 2020 there were generally fewer registrations of newly diagnosed patients with major urologic neoplasms in a representative federal database. The number of surgical interventions in patients with renal cell carcinoma and urothelial bladder cancer decreased, whereas equal numbers of radical prostatectomies were performed when compared to the year 2019. COVID-19 may increase non-urological postoperative complications following surgical treatment of urologic malignancies; however, available data are still very limited.

Unlabelled: Estimating competing mortality is of paramount importance for prostate cancer screening candidates and men with early prostate cancer. An age-adjusted prostate cancer-specific comorbidity index (PCCI) was developed recently for this purpose in an unselected population of 1598 men. We validated this mortality index in a sample of 2961 patients who consecutively underwent radical prostatectomy between 1992 and 2007 at our institution. In patients with a PCCI of 0, 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-9, and ≥10 who were selected for radical prostatectomy, the 10-yr competing mortality rates were 2%, 9%, 17%, 27%, 56%, and 0% (n=3), respectively, compared with 10%, 19%, 35%, 60%, 79%, and 99%, respectively, in the unselected development cohort. The PCCI is well suited to stratify patients with prostate cancer according to their risk of competing mortality. In candidates for radical prostatectomy, however, the 10-yr competing mortality rates are approximately half as high as in unselected patients with the same PCCI risk level., Patient Summary: With stratification by the age-adjusted prostate cancer-specific comorbidity index, the 10-yr competing mortality rate in men selected for radical prostatectomy is approximately half as high as in unselected patients at the same level of comorbid risk., (Copyright © 2015 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)