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Aim of the Study: For female and male physicians of the clinical-academic mid-level staff, working conditions as well as the attitude towards profession and career play a decisive role. For years, there has been an increasing proportion of women in medicine. Despite this increase, a significant sex incongruence is still evident, especially in academic medicine. The aim of this work was to analyze current opinions of female and male physicians on sex-related aspects for career., Methods: By means of an online survey, medical mid-level staff from university and peripheral hospitals were asked about professional biographical as well as career-related topics and the data analyzed in terms of the sexes., Results: Compared to their male counterparts, female physicians had lower career goals and mainly aimed to qualify as senior physicians. Women planned to have families and raise children earlier in their careers. Men were more likely to have their professional careers in mind during the same time period. Although only just under 47% of respondents considered an academic career to be worthwhile, 65% continued to rate the acquisition of an academic title highly. When evaluating equal treatment by superiors, female physicians tended to feel disadvantaged in their professional careers compared to male physicians. Thus, physicians rated the treatment by their respective superiors as characterized by the quality of the work (44% for both genders of superiors) or dependent on sympathy (female superiors 30%; male superiors 24%). Female physicians, however, saw a preference for male colleagues in 37% of male superiors., Conclusion: Despite a significantly larger proportion of women in medicine for decades, there is still an incongruence in sexes in favor of men in management positions. The professional and private goals of women and men differ significantly depending on their age decade. The academic career per se is increasingly losing importance, although the acquisition of academic degrees still seems to be desirable. Therefore, to improve the future of academic medicine, significant structural changes are needed to enable projectable career paths (e. g., tenure track, assistant professorship, young medical professionals model) for mid-level academic staff., Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Aim of the Study: Family life and professional practice are both highly important for young physicians. Accordingly, a good balancing of both areas of life is necessary. Despite political framework conditions and legal requirements that have been in place for years, implementation of measures to achieve this seems to be difficult, especially in medicine, and is associated with great reservations and problems on the part of those involved., Methods: By means of an online survey, the medical mid-level staff from university and peripheral hospitals was questioned on topics related to family, children and professional biographical as well as career-relevant topics and subsequently analyzed on a gender-specific basis., Results: Of the study participants, 65.1% were married and already had children or expressed a desire to have children (86.0%). Most were employed full-time (80.8%). The majority of part-time employees were female (87.4%). For 34.6%, there was a career break of 18.5±21.3 months, 87.8% of which were taken due to pregnancy or children. Female physicians generally took significantly more parental leave than male physicians (6-12 months: females 62.2%; males 22.4%; 12 months or more: females 25.2%; males 6.6%). Family planning received little support from superiors (21.2% much to very much support) and 45.6% reported having experienced problems with their return to work or career advancement. Almost 60% of the participants did not have any specific working time models in their own hospital for employees with children who need to be cared for., Conclusion: In order to implement a work-life balance for physicians, changes are first and foremost necessary on the part of the institutions. In addition, the respective superiors must rethink in order to enable a parallelization of these two areas of their employees' lives. However, young physicians must also rethink their view of this issue. Demanding changes in labor law while continuing traditional family constellations at home does not seem to do address this issue adequately., Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Objective: Academic careers still play a significant role in medicine. Although the doctorate remains interesting for many students, there are no data available from medical students, for example, with regard to the interest in habilitation. In parallel, a good work-life/family balance is a key career element for young medical professionals. The aim was to obtain an up-to-date opinion on the academic career of medical students., Methodology: Using an online survey, medical students of all semesters in Germany were questioned on the topics of academic career, mentoring, and work-life balance from October 2017 to December 2018. For this purpose, the medical students were invited by e-mail to participate and answer an anonymized online questionnaire., Results: A total of 1,775 participants from all 38 German medical faculties (68.3% female; age 23.3 ± 4.0 years) were included. Almost half of the participants could envision working in a branch office after graduation. While a professional career appeared important to a clear majority (70.8%), leisure time was rated as even more important (84.3%), and work-life balance clearly prioritized personal life (41.2%) over career (9.6%). Acquiring a title was rated as important to one's career by 53.6%. However, while the acquisition of a doctorate was still an option for 88.0% of the respondents, the situation is significantly different for academic titles following a successful habilitation. Although the significance of a habilitation is rated as high to very high (66.1%), the titles of assistant professor ("yes": 13.0%), associate professor (6.0%) or university professor (7.0%) are much less likely to be considered by medical students and are therefore rated as "maybe" and "no". Nevertheless, almost 60% wished for better information and advice in their future field of work., Conclusion: Careers in medicine are undergoing a transformation where better compatibility of leisure/family and work is no longer the sole focus. On the contrary, work-life blending is sought, as a connection between work and life. Changes are therefore necessary for professional and especially academic careers in order to make working in science and research attractive again., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier GmbH.)

Background: Due to the further decrease in the number of habilitations in medicine since 2010, the general requirements for habilitation could have increased during the same period., Objective: The requirements for a medical habilitation at German universities in a comparison of 23 years are re-evaluated., Material and Methods: An analysis of habilitation regulations for 12 target parameters and evaluation of these by a scoring system (range 0-34 points)., Results: Only the criterion of the requirement for a doctorate has remained the same in the 23-year comparison in the evaluation (1998-2021). All results of the other 11 criteria have changed compared to the previous study from 2010. The rating of habilitation achievements has increased from a total score in 1998 of 15.2 ± 5.1 points (95% confidence interval 13.6-16.9 points) to 25.1 ± 3.6 points in 2021 (95% confidence interval 23.9-26.2 points; p < 0.001). The range of assigned scoring values is again more broadly spread in the 11-year comparison with values from 12 to 31 points. A striking new criterion was that 98% of the assessed habilitation regulations now require a didactic continuing education in, however, significantly different requirements from the faculties., Conclusion: The requirements for a medical habilitation continued to significantly increase over the 23-year period with, however, a wider dispersion of scores. The more detailed description can be seen as a direct indication of an improvement in transparency. In contrast, the broader dispersion shows that a uniform assessment standard for Germany has again receded into the distance., (© 2021. The Author(s).)

The German healthcare system is facing a major transformation towards digitalized medicine. The aim was to find out the attitude and the degree of preparation of upcoming medical professionals for digital medicine. By means of an online survey, medical students from 38 German faculties were asked about different topics concerning digitalization. Most students (70.0%) indicated that they had not had any university courses on digital topics. Thus, only 22.2% feel prepared for the technical reality of digitalized medicine. Most fear losing patient contact because of digitalized medicine and assume that the medical profession will not be endangered by digitalization. Security systems, data protection, infrastructure and inadequate training are cited as the top problems of digitalization in medicine. Medical students have major concerns about incorrect decisions and the consecutive medicolegal aspects of using digital support as part their treatment plans. Digitalization in medicine is progressing faster than it can currently be implemented in the practical work. The generations involved have different understandings of technology, and there is a lack of curricular training in medical schools. There must be a significant improvement in training in digital medical skills so that the current and future healthcare professionals are better prepared for digitalized medicine.

Introduction: More than half a million patients suffer from minor burns in Germany per year. In 2018, almost 2000 patients needed intensive care for their burn injuries. Despite high standards of burn care, mortality remains high. Burn injuries may lead to long-term sequelae. In order to provide up-to-date burn care, guidelines are available online with public access., Methods and Results: This overview presents a summary of the German AWMF guideline for the treatment of thermal injuries in adults (https://www.awmf.org/leitlinien/detail/ll/044-001.html). Experts of eleven different medical organisations and specialties have contributed to this S2k guideline with their expertise. The focus of the article is on acute burn wound assessment, the indication for specialised care in burn centres, the management of the burn wound at the trauma scene and in hospitals as well as scar management and rehabilitation., Conclusion: This overview reports on the consensus-based treatment of acute burn wounds in adults in Germany. The article is intended to guide doctors and professional caretakers to perform state-of-the-art burn care. The current guideline aims to improve burn outcome., Competing Interests: HOR war beratend tätig für die Firma Birken und hat eine bezahlte Autorentätigkeit für uptodate. UM hat eine Studie für die DIZG durchgeführt. CH war beratend tätig für Acelity und hat Honorar für Vorträge der Firma Integra und Mediwound erhalten. JH war beratend tätig für Mediwound und hat Honorar für Vorträge der Firma Juzo und Thuasne erhalten, sowie eine Studie für die Firma OrionPharma durchgeführt. BH war beratend für die DIZG, die Firmen Polymedics und Mediwound tätig und hat bezahlte Vorträge für die Firmen Juzo und Mediwound gehalten, sowie eine klinische Studie für die Firma Mediwound durchgeführt. ML hat Honorar für Vorträge der Firma Serag Wiesner erhalten. HP hat bezahlte Vorträge für die Berufsfachschule für Orthopädietechnik gehalten, sowie Eigentümerinteressen am Sanitätshaus Pauli und Sanitätshaus Aktuell AG. JLS hat eine Studie für die Firma Prevor durchgeführt. MS hat Honorar für Vorträge der Firma Polymedics erhalten. SW hat bezahle Vorträge für die Firmen Juzo und Thuasne gehalten. SZ hat bezahlte Vorträge für Pfizer, bioMerieux, sifin diagnostics und Aurosan gehalten. HZ hat Honorare für Vorträge für die Firmen Thuasne, Juzo, Albrecht, Smith&Nephew sowie die Bundesfachschule für Orthopädietechnik erhalten. Die übrigen Autoren haben keine Interessenskonflikte., (© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)

Background: In Germany, Austria and Switzerland the "Habilitation" (postgraduate qualification) is currently the highest ranked university degree which qualifies candidates to perform high ranking autonomous research and teach the specific subject at university level. Although it is legally not an academic degree, the habilitation is a mandatory qualification for the later appointment and employment as a professor. The habilitation process is a complex assessment of diverse prerequisites which differ highly in terms of uniformity among the medical faculties in Germany., Methods: In order to re-evaluate these prerequisites and to find out if there might be more conformity for candidates all habilitation requirements were analyzed for 12 primary outcome measures according to Nagelschmidt and rated with a specific scoring system (Nagelschmidt score)., Results: The overall scoring for habilitation requirements increased from 15.2±5.1 points in 1998 to 21.9±4.0 points in 2010 (95% confidence interval 20.6-23.3, p<0.001, mainly due to increased requirements in terms of publications, teaching and mandatory board certification. No correlation was found between the number of habilitation degrees per faculty and the overall Nagelschmidt score (y=-0.0545x+26.021, r(2)=0,00028)., Conclusion: The requirements for habilitation have substantially increased by 44% from 1998 to 2010 in Germany. This is mainly based on higher requirements in terms of publications, teaching and board certification.

Background: First quantitative evaluation of the requirements for the promotion as associate professor (AP) at German medical faculties., Material and Methods: Analysis of the AP-regulations of German medical faculties according to a validated scoring system, which has been adapted to this study., Results: The overall scoring for the AP-requirements at 35 German medical faculties was 13.5±0.6 of 20 possible scoring points (95% confidence interval 12.2-14.7). More than 88% of the AP-regulations demand sufficient performance in teaching and research with adequate scientific publication. Furthermore, 83% of the faculties expect an expert review of the candidate's performance. Conference presentations required as an assistant professor as well as the reduction of the minimum time as an assistant professor do only play minor roles., Conclusion: The requirements for assistant professors to get nominated as an associate professor at German medical faculties are high with an only small range. In detail, however, it can be seen that there still exists large heterogeneity, which hinders equal opportunities and career possibilities. These data might be used for the ongoing objective discussion.