The monitoring and early warning index system of RECC in Gansu province was constructed by comprehensively considering the policies issued by different departments of the state. The weights were determined by the comprehensive weighting method based on AHPentropy weight method, and the warning threshold of each index was discussed and determined by referring to the existing achievements. On the basis of the above methods, the comprehensive index model was used to analyze the carrying capacity of resources and environment in Gansu province and the county administrative units from 2006 to 2016. The results show that: (1) The level of resources and environment carrying capacity of Gansu province in 2006-2016 was between 0.32-0.46, which was in the state of overload warning despite of the overall increasing trend. Spatially, the bearing capacity of Hexi region was high, followed by the southern and southeastern regions, while the central region showed a poor carrying capacity. Moreover, the carrying capacity of resources and environment in ethnic minority areas was lower than that in the core towns; (2) From 2006 to 2016, the resources carrying capacity of Gansu increased steadily, in which the carrying capacity of water resources and energy mines is at a relatively poor level. The carrying capacity in Linxia and Tianshui was in an orange overload state; (3) The level of environment carrying capacity in Gansu fluctuated greatly from 2006 to 2016, showing a "W"-shaped curve, and the environment carrying capacity was seriously overloaded. Spatially, the southern region and Lanzhou had better environment carrying capacity, while the carrying capacity in Hexi and eastern region was lower. The results show the serious resources and environment overload in Gansu province. Although great progress has been made in the ecological civilization construction since the 12th Five-Year Plan (2011-2015), it is still long-term task to ease the pressure and make continuous efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]