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3 results on '"Varghese P."'

1. The Limits to Diversification of Sources of Funding in Higher Education. IIEP Contributions.

Author

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). International Inst. for Educational Planning. and Varghese, N. V.

Abstract

The economic crisis and the resulting financial squeeze of the 1980s led to reduced public funding support to education. The changing political view that continuation of public subsidies will reduce growth potentials of economies favored a market-friendly approach to development of education. The rate-of-return analysis gave currency to an argument that there was under-investment in primary education, and it provided a rationale to divert resources from higher to primary levels of education. The introduction of structural adjustment programs justified further reduction in public subsidies to higher education in many countries. The reform measures adopted by governments and institutions to overcome financial constraints included efficiency enhancing and cost-saving interventions, diversification or cost-sharing measures, income-generating activities, and privatization policies. The paper closely scrutinizes institutional capacity to initiate and sustain income-generating activities in the long run. The paper makes the case that, in the ultimate analysis, entrepreneurial universities become a desirable arrangement when the income generated by them far exceeds what could have otherwise been available from the public sources. The expectation is that recent initiatives to mobilize resources by the universities will lead to a better balance in sharing resources between public and private sources, and the sector will receive increased support from both public and private sources of funding. (Contains 21 references.) (Author/SLD)

Published
2001

2. Attacking Urban Poverty: The Role of the SNDT Women's University, Mumbai, India--The 'Gilbert Hill Programme'. Strategies of Education and Training for Disadvantaged Groups.

Author

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). International Inst. for Educational Planning., Kamath, M., Udipi, S. A., Varghese, M. A., Kamath, M., Udipi, S. A., Varghese, M. A., and United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). International Inst. for Educational Planning.

Abstract

This study examined the role of the SNDT (formerly Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey) University in reducing poverty in the Gilbert Hill-Gamdevi Dongri area of Mumbai, India. The Gilbert Hill area accommodates around 1 million people, most of whom are migrants form other parts of India. The Department of Post-Graduate Studies and Research in Home Sciences of SNDT Women's University implemented a project focusing on adult education, preschool education, improving enrollment in elementary education, and income-generating activities. Program evaluation activities show that over the years the association of the University with the project has helped improve the lot of the poor in many ways. The project has opened opportunities for women to take on income-generating activities, increased access to education, and has helped widows apply for government funding for various types of activities. (SLD)

Published
2000

3. A Systematic Literature Review of the Humanistic Burden of COPD.

Author

Hurst JR, Siddiqui MK, Singh B, Varghese P, Holmgren U, and de Nigris E

Subjects
Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, Humans, Italy, Spain, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive diagnosis, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive epidemiology, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive therapy, Quality of Life
Abstract

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, causing substantial economic and social burden., Objective: This review assessed the patient-reported humanistic burden associated with moderate to very severe COPD, specifically the impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), symptoms, limitations in daily life, and emotional implications, through the use of HRQoL instruments., Methods: A systematic review was conducted to retrieve relevant clinical data from published literature using a representative sample of countries where healthcare systems provide wide availability of COPD medications and/or universal coverage includes respiratory medicines (Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK, and the USA). The primary inclusion criteria were patients with moderate to very severe COPD. HRQoL was quantified with non-disease-specific and disease-specific questionnaires., Results: In total, 82 studies from 95 publications presented HRQoL data from patients with moderate to very severe COPD. Patient-reported HRQoL declined with worsening airflow limitation, advancing GOLD group, and increasing exacerbation frequency. Both increasing frequency of hospitalization for COPD exacerbations and recurrent hospitalization adversely impacted HRQoL. Comorbidity incidence was higher in patients with increased airflow limitation. It was associated with a further decline in HRQoL and increased depression and anxiety, particularly as disease-associated pain worsened. Physical activity improved HRQoL over time., Conclusion: This review highlighted the impact of exacerbations and associated hospitalizations on the humanistic burden of COPD. These findings underline the importance of managing COPD actively, including prompt and appropriate use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies that can improve symptoms and reduce the risk of exacerbations, thereby lessening the humanistic burden. Future reviews could consider a broader range of countries and publications to further assess the humanistic impact of COPD in low- and middle-income economies., Competing Interests: JRH reports personal payments and payments to UCL for educational and advisory work and support to attend meetings, and grant support to UCL from pharmaceutical companies that make medicines to treat COPD, including AstraZeneca. MKS is an employee of Parexel International. BS is a former employee of Parexel International. PV, UH, and EdN are employees of AstraZeneca and hold stock and/or stock options in the company., (© 2021 Hurst et al.)

Published
2021
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