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Objectives: Numerous tools have been developed to characterize the morphometry of 3D models. The aim of this study was to apply these techniques to better understand the morphometric growth pattern of healthy children's mandibles., Material and Methods: The study sample was composed of 480 very young children aged from 36 gestational weeks to 7 years old. The sample was divided into three subsamples according to the development stages of their deciduous dentition. Several biometric data were collected on 3D mandibular models., Results: There was homothetic growth during the first years of life. Once all deciduous teeth were fully erupted, the mandibular corpus warped more independently of the ramus, and the inter-individual variability was more pronounced. Throughout the growth period, several subgroups could be identified, highlighting the morphological growth pattern of the mandible., Conclusions: A particular morphogenesis of the mandible during the growth period was observed, which was correlated with deciduous dentition development. In younger individuals, this morphological pattern was mainly characterized by the progressive closure of the chin symphysis and ramus growth. The tongue movements in the oral space, depending on whether the child was bottle- or breast-fed, may explain this result. As the children grew older, the mandible widened to create sufficient space for the developing teeth buds. During the eruption of deciduous dentition, the mandible took on various morphologies, which was likely based on the child's sex and diet. Therefore, we assume that this mandibular morphogenesis is induced by the functional strains affecting the mandible during deciduous teeth development., (© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Introduction: We recorded similarities between patients managed in the psychiatry department and in the maxillo-facial surgical unit. Our hypothesis was that some psychiatric conditions act as risk factors for facial trauma. We had for aim to test our hypothesis and to validate a simple and efficient questionnaire to identify these psychiatric disorders., Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight consenting patients with facial trauma, recruited prospectively in the 3 maxillo-facial surgery departments of the Marseille area during 3 months (December 2012-March 2013) completed a self-questionnaire based on the French version of 3 validated screening tests (Self Reported Psychopathy test, Rapid Alcohol Problem Screening test quantity-frequency, and Personal Health Questionnaire)., Results: This preliminary study confirmed that psychiatric conditions detected by our questionnaire, namely alcohol abuse and dependence, substance abuse, and depression, were risk factors for facial trauma., Discussion: Maxillo-facial surgeons are often unaware of psychiatric disorders that may be the cause of facial trauma. The self-screening test we propose allows documenting the psychiatric history of patients and implementing earlier psychiatric care., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence of orbital haematoma requiring surgical treatment following procedures including fracture repairs and orbital osteotomies over a 12-year period and to discuss their management., Methods: The records of all the patients who underwent a procedure involving the orbits from 1998 to 2011 were reviewed for evidence of post-operative haematomas. Medical data including clinical presentation, time between diagnosis and treatment, management and subsequent outcome were collected., Results: 280 patients were included, 257 procedures for orbital or zygomato orbital fractures and 23 osteotomies for dysthyroid orbitopathy or malunited orbital fractures. Three cases (1.07%) of post-operative haematomas were observed as follows: 2/257 orbital fractures (0.77%) and 1/23 osteotomies (4.34%). All cases occurred in the early post-operative period of less than 6 h. No spontaneous loss of vision or pain was described by patients. All could be operated on as soon as the diagnosis was established; no CT-scans were required. Orbital drainage was successfully performed in all cases., Conclusion: Post-operative orbital haematomas are uncommon complications. Diagnosis is based on a clinical examination, including pain, proptosis and alteration in visual acuity. Surgical treatment should be undertaken immediately following diagnosis., (Copyright © 2013 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Limitation of mouth opening is a frequent symptom in the pathologies of the temporomandibular joint. The aim of this study is to establish normative basis for this criterion in the French population., Materials and Methods: Maximal mouth opening was measured by an electronic goniometric device. Measurements were taken in 228 people (110 men and 126 women) aged between 18 to 84 years, representative of the French population., Results: The average mouth opening is 50.7 7 mm, but it was greater in the male population. It was also greater in tall patients and in younger patients (under 50 years)., Discussion: Our study is original because it is based on normal subjects and because our population sample age is the same as that of the French population. Men have a greater mouth opening than women, but this can be due to the fact that they are taller. Mouth opening is wider in young subjects, under 50, because they are younger and because they are taller. Mouth opening is wider in tall patients, whatever their sex or their age.

A. baumannii is a multiresistant bacteria which is recognised as responsible for nosocomial infections and hospital outbreaks. The control of these outbreaks depends on the strain's typing and on the fight's policy against nosocomial infections. An outbreak of A. baumannii is occurred to patients who were hospitalized in Centre Hospitalier de Versailles. To investigate this outbreak, we have determined the biotype (Bouvet's method), the succeptibility pattern (disk diffusion and agar dilution results were analysed with the hierarchical classification and main component analysis) and the total DNA macrorestriction pattern (Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis using SmaI restriction enzyme). A risk factors for A. baumannii acquisition were delineated in case-control study. During 2 years, 38 patients have been infected or colonized to A. baumannii. Thirty two patients were hospitalized in ICU. We studied 38 non repetitive clinical isolates and 9 strains of the patient's rooms. Four biotypes were defined by the Bouvet's typing method. Fourteen groups were obtained when succeptibility results were analysed with the hierarchical classification and 6 with the main composant analysis. The molecular typing permit us to define 4 epidemic and 6 sporadic strains. All the epidemic strains were isolated on ICU hospitalized patients. Our study has shown wide contamination in patient's rooms (Water tap, dry surfaces, patient's mattresses...). Environmental objects have been a major risk factor for A. baumannii acquisition. The control of this outbreak has been possible by application of hygienic measures (hands washing, isolment, meticulous cleaning of the ICU and environmental controls). No new case is occurred in the last year. Typing methods and case-control study are necessary to investigate cross-infections and take efficient measures against these outbreaks.